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SPARK will be a three-stage all-[[solid rocket motor|solid]] carrier rocket, with a [[spin stabilization|spin-stabilized]] first stage known as [[LEO-46]] and an active attitude control system on the second and third stages. It is launched using a new rail-guided system.<ref name=sfn-20151030>{{cite news |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/10/29/first-launch-of-small-class-rocket-on-hold-in-hawaii/ |title=Inaugural launch of small-class rocket on hold in Hawaii |author=Stephen Clark |publisher=Spaceflight Now |date=30 October 2015 |accessdate=30 October 2015}}</ref> It is expected to have a payload capacity of {{convert|250|kg}} to a [[sun-synchronous orbit]] at an altitude of approximately {{convert|400|km}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hsfl.hawaii.edu/HSFL_Overview_071910.pdf|title=Overview|publisher=Hawaii Space Flight Laboratory|accessdate=20 January 2012|archivedate=20 January 2012|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/64pd9x589}}</ref> Launches will be conducted from [[Vandenberg Air Force Base]]'s [[Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 5|Space Launch Complex 5]], which will have been relocated to the [[Pacific Missile Range Facility]] at [[Barking Sands]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hawaii.edu/offices/op/innovation/taylor.pdf|title=Innovative Satellite Launch Program|first=Brian|last=Taylor|publisher=School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii|accessdate=20 January 2012|archivedate=20 January 2012|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/64pd9csKl}}</ref> Aerojet Rocketdyne will produce the motors for all three stages, but Sandia is the prime contractor for the rocket's systems. The [[United States Air Force]] will provide launch support. |
SPARK will be a three-stage all-[[solid rocket motor|solid]] carrier rocket, with a [[spin stabilization|spin-stabilized]] first stage known as [[LEO-46]] and an active attitude control system on the second and third stages. It is launched using a new rail-guided system.<ref name=sfn-20151030>{{cite news |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/10/29/first-launch-of-small-class-rocket-on-hold-in-hawaii/ |title=Inaugural launch of small-class rocket on hold in Hawaii |author=Stephen Clark |publisher=Spaceflight Now |date=30 October 2015 |accessdate=30 October 2015}}</ref> It is expected to have a payload capacity of {{convert|250|kg}} to a [[sun-synchronous orbit]] at an altitude of approximately {{convert|400|km}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hsfl.hawaii.edu/HSFL_Overview_071910.pdf|title=Overview|publisher=Hawaii Space Flight Laboratory|accessdate=20 January 2012|archivedate=20 January 2012|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/64pd9x589}}</ref> Launches will be conducted from [[Vandenberg Air Force Base]]'s [[Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 5|Space Launch Complex 5]], which will have been relocated to the [[Pacific Missile Range Facility]] at [[Barking Sands]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hawaii.edu/offices/op/innovation/taylor.pdf|title=Innovative Satellite Launch Program|first=Brian|last=Taylor|publisher=School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii|accessdate=20 January 2012|archivedate=20 January 2012|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/64pd9csKl}}</ref> Aerojet Rocketdyne will produce the motors for all three stages, but Sandia is the prime contractor for the rocket's systems. The [[United States Air Force]] will provide launch support. |
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The first launch of SPARK, named |
The first launch of SPARK, named ORS-4, took place on November 3, 2015<ref>[http://spaceflightnow.com/tracking/ Spaceflight now]</ref> and was carrying [[HawaiiSat-1]] and several secondary payloads, <ref>{{cite web|url=http://hsfl.hawaii.edu/HSFL_missions.html|title=Missions|publisher=Hawaii Space Flight Laboratory, University of Hawaii|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/64pcSif9d|archivedate=20 January 2012|accessdate=20 January 2012}}</ref><ref name=sfn-20151030/> including the the [[Edison Demonstration of Smallsat Networks]].<ref>{{Cite web|title = Swarming Space for Science|url = http://www.nasa.gov/feature/swarming-space-for-science|website = NASA|accessdate = 2015-11-01|first = Loura|last = Hall}}</ref> The mission was supposed to test the rocket at its full payload capacity. However, telemetry showed the rocket tumbling soon after liftoff, and the [[U.S. Air Force]] released a statement, saying that the "experimental Super Strypi launch vehicle failed in mid-flight shortly after liftoff". <ref> {{Cite web|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/11/03/ors-4-mission-status-center/}} </ref> |
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{{commonscat|Super Strypi}} |
{{commonscat|Super Strypi}} |
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Super Strypi rocket on the launch pad
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| Function | Expendable launch system |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | University of Hawaii Aerojet Rocketdyne Sandia |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Size | |
| Stages | Three |
| Capacity | |
| Payload to 400 km SSO | |
| Mass | 250 kilograms (550 lb) |
| Associated rockets | |
| Family | Strypi |
| Launch history | |
| Status | In development |
| Launch sites | Barking Sands |
| Total launches | 1 |
| Success(es) | 0 |
| Failure(s) | 1 |
| First flight | 3 November 2015 |
SPARK, or Spaceborne Payload Assist Rocket - Kauai, also known as Super Strypi,[1] is an American expendable launch system developed by the University of Hawaii, Sandia and Aerojet Rocketdyne.[2] Designed to place miniaturized satellites into low Earth and sun-synchronous orbits, it is a derivative of the Strypi rocket which was developed in the 1960s in support of nuclear weapons testing. SPARK is being developed under the Low Earth Orbiting Nanosatellite Integrated Defense Autonomous System (LEONIDAS) program, funded by the Operationally Responsive Space Office of the United States Department of Defense.
SPARK will be a three-stage all-solid carrier rocket, with a spin-stabilized first stage known as LEO-46 and an active attitude control system on the second and third stages. It is launched using a new rail-guided system.[3] It is expected to have a payload capacity of 250 kilograms (550 lb) to a sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi).[4] Launches will be conducted from Vandenberg Air Force Base's Space Launch Complex 5, which will have been relocated to the Pacific Missile Range FacilityatBarking Sands.[5] Aerojet Rocketdyne will produce the motors for all three stages, but Sandia is the prime contractor for the rocket's systems. The United States Air Force will provide launch support.
The first launch of SPARK, named ORS-4, took place on November 3, 2015[6] and was carrying HawaiiSat-1 and several secondary payloads, [7][3] including the the Edison Demonstration of Smallsat Networks.[8] The mission was supposed to test the rocket at its full payload capacity. However, telemetry showed the rocket tumbling soon after liftoff, and the U.S. Air Force released a statement, saying that the "experimental Super Strypi launch vehicle failed in mid-flight shortly after liftoff". [9]
The first launch attempt resulted in a mission failure as the rocket was lost shortly after lift off.[10]
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Orbital launch systems developed in the United States
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