Soyuz T-9: Difference between revisions

{{short description|1983 Soviet crewed spaceflight to Salyut 7}}

{{Use British English|date=October 2020}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}

| name = Soyuz T-9

| image =

| image_caption =

| image_size =

| mission_type = Dock with [[Salyut 7]]

| operator = [[Energia (corporation)|NPO Energia]]

| COSPAR_ID = 1983-062A

| SATCAT = 14152

| mission_duration = 149 days 10 hours 45 minutes

| orbits_completed = 2,361

| spacecraft = Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L

| spacecraft_type = [[Soyuz 7K-ST]]

| manufacturer = [[Energia (corporation)|NPO Energia]]

| launch_mass = {{cvt|6850|kg}}

| landing_mass = 2800 kg

| dimensions = {{cvt|7.13|m}} long<br/>{{cvt|2.72|m}} wide

| launch_date = 27 June 1983, 09:12:00 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]

| launch_rocket = [[Soyuz-U]]

| launch_site = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]], [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 1|1/5]]

| launch_contractor = [[Energia (corporation)|NPO Energia]]

| landing_date = 23 November 1983, 19:58:00 UTC

| landing_site = 160 kmat the east of [[Dzhezkazgan]], [[Kazakhstan]]

| crew_size = 2

| crew_members = [[Vladimir Lyakhov]]<br/>[[Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov|Aleksandr Aleksandrov]]

| crew_callsign = Proton

| crew_photo =

| crew_photo_caption =

| crew_photo_size =

| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]]

| orbit_regime = [[Low Earth orbit]]

| orbit_periapsis = {{cvt|201.0|km}}

| orbit_apoapsis = {{cvt|229.0|km}}

| orbit_inclination = 51.6°

| orbit_period = 88.6 minutes

| apsis = gee

| docking =

| docking_target = [[Salyut 7]]

| docking_type = dock

| docking_port = Aft

| docking_date =

| undocking_date =

| time_docked =

| programme = [[Soyuz programme]]

| previous_mission = [[Soyuz T-8]]

| next_mission = [[Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L]]

'''Soyuz T-9''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: '''Союз Т-9''', Union T-9) was the 4th expedition to [[Salyut 7]] following the failed docking of [[Soyuz T-8]]. It returned lab experiments to [[Earth]]. The next mission, [[Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L]] (Soyuz 10a), had exploded and thus failedtolaunch.

Soyuz T-9 achieved successful docking with the station, although the mission was bracketed by the failed attempt of Soyuz T-8 and the launch pad abort of Soyuz T-10 which would follow immediately.<ref name="Yenne">{{cite book|last=Yenne|first=Bill|title=The Pictorial History of World Spaceflight|publisher=Exeter|year=1988|ISBN=0-7917-0188-3|pages=158, 165}}</ref>

== Crew ==

|position1 = Commander

|crew1_up = {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Vladimir Lyakhov]]

|flights1_up = Second

|position2 = Flight Engineer

|crew2_up = {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov|Aleksandr Aleksandrov]]

|flights2_up = First

=== Backup crew ===

|position1 = Commander

|crew1_up = {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Vladimir Georgiyevich Titov|Vladimir Titov]]

|position2 = Flight Engineer

|crew2_up = {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Gennadi Strekalov]]

== Mission parameters ==

* '''Mass:''' 6850 kg

* '''Perigee:''' 201 km

* '''Apogee:''' 229 km

* '''Inclination:''' 51.6°

* '''Period:''' 88.6 minutes

== Mission highlights ==

Fourth expedition to [[Salyut 7]]. Its mission was heavily impacted by the [[Soyuz T-8]] docking failure and the [[Soyuz T-10a]] Soyuz booster failures which bracketed it.

Almost immediately after docking at Salyut 7's aft port, the crew entered [[Kosmos 1443]] and commenced transferring the 3.5 tons of cargo lining its walls to Salyut 7.<ref name=MHH>{{cite web |url=https://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/references/documents/mirheritage.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030709171731/http://www.spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/references/documents/mirheritage.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2003-07-09|title=Mir Hardware Heritage|author=D. S. F. Portree|publisher=NASA|year=1995|pages=50, 95}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>

On 27 July 1983, a small object struck a Salyut 7 viewport. It blasted out a 4-mm crater, but did not penetrate the outer of the window's two panes. The Soviets believed it was a member of the [[Southern Delta Aquariids|Delta Aquariid]] [[meteor shower]], though it may have been a small piece of [[orbital debris]].<ref name=spacefacts>{{cite web|url=http://spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-t9.htm |title=Soyuz T-9|website=spacefacts.de}}</ref>

The crew loaded Cosmos 1443's [[VA capsule]] with 350 kg of experiment results and hardware no longer in use. It could have held 500 kg, had they had that much to put in. Cosmos 1443 then undocked, in spite of Western predictions that the [[Zarya (ISS module)|FGB]] component would remain attached to Salyut 7 as a space station module. The VA capsule soft-landed on23 August 1983, and the FGB component continued in orbit until it was deorbited over the Pacific Ocean on19 September 1983.

The crew also filmed scenes for the movie ''[[Return from Orbit]]''.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0230961/trivia?ref_=tt_trv_trv Vozvrashchenie s orbity (1984) - Trivia] - IMDb</ref>

== See also ==

{{Portal|Spaceflight}}

* [[List of human spaceflights to Salyut space stations]]

* [[List of Salyut expeditions]]

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{Soyuz}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Soyuz T-09}}

[[Category:Crewed Soyuz missions]]