Editing The Lathe of Heaven

{{Short description|1971 novel by Ursula K. Le Guin}}
{{Infobox book
| title_orig    = 
| translator    = 
| image         = TheLatheOfHeaven(1stEd).jpg
| caption       = Cover of first edition (hardcover)
| author        = [[Ursula K. Le Guin]]
| illustrator   = 
| cover_artist  = 
| country       = United States
| language      = English
| series        = 
| genre         = [[Science fiction]]
| publisher     = [[Avon Books]]
| release_date  = 1971
| english_release_date =
| media_type    = Print ([[Hardcover]] and [[Paperback]])
| pages         = 184 
| awards       = [[Locus Award for Best Novel]] (1972)
| isbn =  0-684-12529-3
| oclc          = 200189
| preceded_by   = 
| followed_by   = 
}}

'''''The Lathe of Heaven''''' is a 1971 [[science fiction]] [[novel]] by American writer [[Ursula K. Le Guin]], first serialized in the American science fiction magazine ''[[Amazing Stories]]''. It received nominations for the 1972 [[Hugo Award|Hugo]]<ref name="WWE-1972">{{cite web
| url = http://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_year_index.asp?year=1972 
| title = 1972 Award Winners & Nominees
| work = Worlds Without End
| access-date=2009-07-28
}}</ref> and the 1971 [[Nebula Award]],<ref name="WWE-1971">{{cite web
| url = http://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_year_index.asp?year=1971 
| title = 1971 Award Winners & Nominees
| work = Worlds Without End
| access-date=2009-07-28
}}</ref> and won the [[Locus Award for Best Novel]] in 1972.<ref name="WWE-1972"/>  Two [[television film]] adaptations were released: the  [[PBS]] production, ''[[The Lathe of Heaven (film)|The Lathe of Heaven]]'' (1980), and ''[[Lathe of Heaven (film)|Lathe of Heaven]]'' (2002), a remake produced by the [[A&E Network]].

The novel explores themes and philosophies such as [[positivism]], [[Taoism]], [[behaviorism]], and [[utilitarianism]]. Its central plot surrounds a man whose dreams are able to alter past and present reality and the ramifications of those psychologically derived changes for better and worse.

==Title==
The title is from the writings of [[Zhuang Zhou|Chuang Tzu]] (Zhuang Zhou) — specifically a passage from Book XXIII, paragraph 7, quoted as an [[Epigraph (literature)|epigraph]] to Chapter 3 of the novel:

<blockquote>To let understanding stop at what cannot be understood is a high attainment. Those who cannot do it will be destroyed on the [[lathe]] of heaven. (知止乎其所不能知，至矣。若有不即是者，天鈞敗之。)</blockquote>

Other epigraphs from Chuang Tzu appear throughout the novel. Le Guin chose the title because she loved the quotation. However, it seems that quote is a mis-translation of Chuang Tzu's Chinese text. 

In ''Nothingness, Being, and Dao: Ontology and Cosmology in the Zhuangzi'', Chai describes the concept of 天鈞 as 'heavenly equilibrium'.<ref name="davidchai">{{cite book |last1=Chai |first1=David I. |title=Nothingness, Being, and Dao: Ontology and Cosmology in the Zhuangzi|date=2014 |publisher=University of Toronto |page=193 |s2cid=125591433 }}</ref>

In an interview with [[Bill Moyers]] for the 2000 [[DVD]] release of the 1980 adaptation, Le Guin clarified the issue:

<blockquote>...it's a terrible mis-translation apparently, I didn't know that at the time. There were no lathes in China at the time that was said. [[Joseph Needham]] wrote me and said "It's a lovely translation, but it's wrong".<ref name="Moyers interview">Issued as bonus material on New Video's 2000 release of ''The Lathe of Heaven'', {{ISBN|0-7670-2696-9}}. The "lathe" discussion appears at 8:07&mdash;9:05.</ref></blockquote>

She published her rendition of the ''[[Tao Te Ching]]'', ''The Book of the Way and Its Virtue'' by [[Lao Tzu]], the traditional founder of [[Taoism]] (Daoism). In the notes at the end of this book, she explains this choice:

<blockquote>The language of some [versions of the ''Tao Te Ching''] was so obscure as to make me feel the book must be beyond Western comprehension. ([[James Legge]]'s version was one of these, although I found the title for a book of mine, ''The Lathe of Heaven'', in Legge. Years later, Joseph Needham, the great scholar of Chinese science and technology, wrote to tell me in the kindest, most unreproachful fashion Legge was a bit off on that one; when ''Chuang Tzu'' was written the lathe hadn't been invented.) <ref>''Lao Tzu Tao Te Ching, A book about the Way and the power of the Way'', Ursula Le Guin, p. 108 of the version edited by Shambhala Publications, Inc., 9/97</ref></blockquote>

Translated editions titled the novel differently. The German and first Portuguese edition titles, ''Die Geißel des Himmels'' and ''O flagelo dos céus'', mean literally "the scourge [or whip] of heaven". The French, Swedish and second Portuguese edition titles, ''L'autre côté du rêve'', ''På andra sidan drömmen'' and ''Do outro lado do sonho'', translate as "the other side of the dream".

==Plot summary==
{{cleanup reorganize|section|date=February 2022}}
The book is set in [[Portland, Oregon]], in the year 2002. Portland has three million inhabitants and continuous rain. It is deprived enough for the poorer inhabitants to have [[kwashiorkor]], a protein deprivation from malnutrition. Although impoverished, the culture is similar to the 1970s in the United States. There is also a massive war in the [[Middle East]]. [[Climate change]] reduces quality of life.

George Orr, a [[technical drawing|draftsman]] and addict, abuses drugs to prevent "effective" dreams that change reality. After one of these dreams, the new reality is the only reality for everyone else, but Orr retains memory of the previous reality. Under threat of incarceration, Orr undergoes treatment for his addiction, attending therapy sessions with ambitious [[psychiatrist]] and sleep researcher William Haber. Haber, gradually believing Orr's claims that his "effective" dreams can affect the waking world, seeks to use Orr's power to change the planet. His experiments with a [[Brainwave synchronization|biofeedback/EEG]] machine, nicknamed the Augmentor, enhance Orr's abilities while producing a series of increasingly intolerable [[Parallel universe (fiction)|alternative worlds]] based on an assortment of [[utopia]]n (and [[dystopia]]n) premises:
* Eliminating [[Human overpopulation|over-population]] is disastrous after Orr dreams that a devastating [[epidemic|plague]] eliminated most humans.
* Attempting to remove the scourge of [[cancer]] from society creates a world where citizens are routinely allowed to euthanize one another for being  [[eugenics|considered a threat to the gene pool]].
* "Peace on Earth" results in an alien invasion of the [[Moon]], uniting mankind against the external threat while creating new conflict in "cislunar space".
* Eliminating [[racism]] causes all humans to have gray skin, and changes much of history: "...he had searched his memory and had found in it no [[Gettysburg Address|address that had been delivered on a battlefield in Gettysburg]], nor any man known to history named [[Martin Luther King Jr.|Martin Luther King]]" (LeGuin, 130).<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Le Guin |first1=Ursula K. |title=The lathe of heaven |last2=Link |first2=Kelly |date=2023 |publisher=Scribner |isbn=978-1-6680-1740-1 |edition=Scribner |location=New York}}</ref>

Each effective dream gives Haber more wealth and status until he is effectively ruler of the planet. Orr's finances also improve, but he is unhappy with Haber's meddling and just wants to let things be. Increasingly frightened by Haber's lust for power and delusions of divinity, Orr contacts lawyer Heather Lelache to represent him against Haber. He falls in love with Heather but is unsuccessful in getting released from therapy. Despite this failure, Lelache is able to be present at one of the sessions, which allows her to remember two realities: one where her husband died early in the Middle East War and another where he died just before the truce because of the aliens. She seeks out Orr after he attempts to escape Haber by fleeing to the countryside, where he reveals to her that the world was destroyed by a [[Nuclear warfare|nuclear war]] in April 1998. Orr dreamed it back into existence as he lay dying in the ruins, and doubts the reality of what now exists, considering it nothing more than a mere dream.
[[File:Portland&MtHood.jpg|thumb|Portland and Mount Hood play a central role in the setting of the novel]]

Afraid of the potential harm Haber could do to reality and frustrated by his refusal to admit to Orr that he knows the power of his effective dreams, Orr believes that his only option may be to commit suicide. Lelache suggests that she assist him in dreaming an effective dream to make Haber more benevolent instead, to which he eventually agrees. She tries to help Orr but also tries to improve the planet; when she suggests to a dreaming Orr that the aliens should no longer be on the Moon, they invade the Earth instead. In the resultant fighting, [[Mount Hood]] is bombed and the 'dormant' volcano produces a spectacular eruption.

During that disaster, Orr returns to Haber, who has Orr dream of peaceful aliens. For a time, everybody experiences stability, but Haber continues meddling. His suggestion Orr dream away [[racism]] results in everyone becoming gray; Lelache's parents are different races, so she never existed in that alternative reality. Orr dreams a gray version of her with a milder personality, the two marry. Mount Hood continues to erupt, and he is concerned the planet is losing coherence.

After speaking with one of the aliens, who seem to have a cryptic understanding of the effective dreams, Orr suddenly understands his situation and confronts Haber. In their final session, Haber "cures" Orr of his ability to dream effectively by suggesting Orr dream that his dreams no longer affect reality. Haber has become frustrated with Orr's resistance and used his research from studying Orr's brain during his sessions to give himself the same power. Haber's first effective dream represents a significant break with the various realities created by Orr, and threatens to destroy reality. Despite Orr's efforts to prevent it, the gray Lelache is annihilated by the encroaching chaos. Orr successfully shuts off the Augmentor as coherent existence threatens to dissolve into undifferentiated chaos. The world is saved, but exists now as a mix of random elements from several realities.

In the new reality, Orr works at a kitchen store operated by one of the aliens. Haber survives, his mind shattered by his knowledge of unreality, and only exists because Orr's dreams restored him. Lelache is also restored, though she is left with only a slight memory of Orr. Orr is resigned to the loss of the Lelache he loved, but resolves to romance the one that exists now. The story ends as the two have coffee, while his inscrutable alien employer observes.

==Reception==
[[Theodore Sturgeon]], reviewing ''Lathe'' for ''[[The New York Times]]'', found it to be "a very good book," praising Le Guin for "produc[ing] a rare and powerful synthesis of poetry and science, reason and emotion."<ref>"If . . .?", ''[[The New York Times]]'', May 14, 1972.</ref> [[Lester del Rey]], however, faulted the novel for an arbitrary and ineffective second half, saying "with wonder piled on wonder, the plot simply loses credibility."<ref>"Reading Room", [[If (magazine)|''If'']], April 1972, p.121-22</ref>

==Viewpoints==
{{quote box|width=30%|quote="One of the best novels, and most important to understanding of the nature of our world, is Ursula Le Guin's ''The Lathe of Heaven'', in which the dream universe is articulated in such a striking and compelling way that I hesitate to add any further explanation to it; it requires none."|source=Philip K. Dick}}

Although technology plays a minor role, the novel is concerned with philosophical questions about our desire to control our destiny, with Haber's [[positivism|positivist]] approach pitted against a [[Taoist]] equanimity. The beginnings of the chapters also feature quotes from [[H. G. Wells]], [[Victor Hugo]] and [[Taoist]] sages. Due to its portrayal of psychologically derived [[Parallel universe (fiction)|alternative realities]], the story is described as Le Guin's tribute to [[Philip K. Dick]].<ref name=Watson1975>{{cite journal
  | last = Watson
  | first = Ian
  | author-link = Ian Watson (author)
  | title = Le Guin's Lathe of Heaven and the Role of Dick: The False Reality as Mediator
  | journal = [[Science Fiction Studies]]
  | volume = 2
  | issue = 5
  | pages = 67–75
  | publisher =  SF-TH Inc.
  | date = Mar 1975
  | url = http://www.depauw.edu/sfs/backissues/5/watson5art.htm }}  See also: {{cite book
  | last = Ashley
  | first = Michael
  | author-link = Mike Ashley (writer)
  | title = Gateways to Forever: The Story of the Science-Fiction Magazines, 1970–1980
  | publisher = Liverpool University Press
  | year = 2000
  | edition = 2nd
  | pages = [https://archive.org/details/gatewaystoforeve0000ashl/page/75 75–77]
  | isbn = 1-84631-002-4
  | url = https://archive.org/details/gatewaystoforeve0000ashl/page/75
  }}</ref>  In his biography of Dick, Lawrence Sutin described Le Guin as having "long been a staunch public advocate of Phil's talent". According to Sutin, "''The Lathe of Heaven'' was, by her acknowledgment, influenced by his [Dick's] sixties works."<ref name=Sutin>{{cite book
  | last = Sutin
  | first = Lawrence
  | title = Divine Invasions: A Life of Philip K. Dick
  | publisher = Carroll & Graf Publishers
  | orig-year = 1989
  | year = 2005
  | page = 276
  | isbn  = 0-7867-1623-1 }}</ref>
 
The book is critical of [[behaviorism]].<ref>Bucknall 1981, p.90</ref> Orr, a deceptively mild yet very strong and honest man, is labeled sick because he is immensely frightened by his ability to change reality. He is forced to undergo treatment. His efforts to get rid of Haber are viewed as suspect because he is a psychiatric patient. Haber, meanwhile, is very charming, [[extrovert]]ed, and confident, yet he eventually goes insane and almost destroys reality. He dismisses Orr's qualms about meddling with reality with [[paternalistic]] [[psychobabble]], and is more concerned with his machine and Orr's powers than with curing his patient.

The book is also critical of the philosophy of [[utilitarianism]], satirising the phrase "The Greatest Happiness for the Greatest Number." It is critical of [[eugenics]], which it suggests would be a key feature of a culture based on utilitarian ethics.

It has been suggested that Le Guin named her protagonist "George Orr" as an homage to British author [[George Orwell]], as well as to draw comparisons between the dystopic worlds she describes in ''Lathe'' and the dystopia Orwell envisioned in his novel ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four|1984]]''. It might also have the additional meaning ''either / or''.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QyKkrxd80CUC&pg=PA89 |title= Political Science Fiction |access-date=2010-10-23 |isbn=978-1-57003-113-7 |author1=Wilcox, Clyde |year=1997|publisher= Univ of South Carolina Press }}</ref>

==Adaptations==
An adaptation titled ''[[The Lathe of Heaven (film)|The Lathe of Heaven]]'', produced by the [[Public broadcasting|public television]] station [[WNET]], and directed by [[David Loxton]] and [[Fred Barzyk]], was released in 1980. It was the first direct-to-TV film production by [[PBS|Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) and was produced with a budget of $250,000. Generally faithful to the novel, it stars [[Bruce Davison]] as George Orr, [[Kevin Conway (actor)|Kevin Conway]] as William Haber, and [[Margaret Avery]] as Heather Lelache. Le Guin was heavily involved in the production of the 1980 adaptation, and expressed her satisfaction with it several times.<ref name="Moyers interview"/><ref name="UKL webb">{{cite web
| title = Ursula K Le Guin.com: The Lathe of Heaven
| publisher = ursulakleguin.com
| url = http://www.ursulakleguin.com/AE-Lathe.html
| access-date = 2009-02-25
| archive-date = 2007-08-12
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070812161506/http://www.ursulakleguin.com/AE-Lathe.html
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

PBS' rights to rebroadcast the film expired in 1988, and it became the most-requested program in PBS history. Fans were extremely critical of [[WNET]]'s supposed "warehousing" of the film, but the budgetary barriers to rebroadcast were high: The station needed to pay for and clear rights with all participants in the original program; negotiate a special agreement with the composer of the film's score; and deal with [[The Beatles]] recording excerpted in the original soundtrack, "[[With a Little Help from My Friends]]", which is an integral plot point in both the novel and the film. A cover version replaces the Beatles' own recording in the home video release.

The home video release is remastered from a video tape of the original broadcast. PBS, anticipating that the rights issues would beset the production forever, did not save a copy of the film production in their archives.

A second adaptation was released in 2002 and retitled ''[[Lathe of Heaven (film)|Lathe of Heaven]]''. Produced for the [[A&E (TV channel)|A&E Network]] and directed by [[Philip Haas]], the film starred [[James Caan]], [[Lukas Haas]], and [[Lisa Bonet]]. The 2002 adaptation discards a significant portion of the plot and some of the characters. Le Guin had no involvement in making the film.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ursulakleguin.com/AE-Lathe.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070812161506/http://www.ursulakleguin.com/AE-Lathe.html |archive-date=2007-08-12 |title=Ursula K. Le Guin: Note on the remake of Lathe of Heaven |access-date=2013-12-07}}</ref>

A stage adaptation by [[Edward Einhorn]], produced by Untitled Theater Company #61, ran from June 6 to June 30, 2012, at the 3LD Art&nbsp;+ Technology Center in New York City.<ref>[http://www.untitledtheater.com/previous-productions/the-lathe-of-heaven.html Untitled Theater Company #61]</ref>

==Publication history==
; Serialized
* ''[[Amazing Stories|Amazing Science Fiction Stories]]'', March 1971 and May 1971.
; Editions in English
* 1971, US, Charles Scribner's Sons, {{ISBN|0-684-12529-3}}, hardcover
* 1971, US, Avon Books, {{ISBN|0-380-43547-0}}, paperback
* 1972, UK, Victor Gollancz, {{ISBN|0-575-01385-0}}, hardcover
* 1974, UK, Panther Science Fiction, {{ISBN|0-586-03841-8}}, paperback (reprinted 1984 by Granada Publishing)
* 1984, US, Avon Books, {{ISBN|0-380-01320-7}}, paperback (reprinted 1989)
* 1997, US, Avon Books, {{ISBN|0-380-79185-4}}, trade paperback
* 2001, US, Millennium Books, {{ISBN|1-85798-951-1}}, paperback
* 2003, US, Perennial Classics, {{ISBN|0-06-051274-1}}, paperback
* 2008, US, Scribner, {{ISBN|1-4165-5696-6}}, paperback
* 2014, US, Diversion Books, {{ISBN|978-16268126-2-8}}, eBook 
; Audio recording in English
* 1999, US, Blackstone Audio Books, {{ISBN|0-7861-1471-1}}
; Translations
* 1971, France: ''L'autre côté du rêve'', Marabout; reprinted in 2002 by Le Livre de Poche, {{ISBN|2-253-07243-5}}
* 1974, Germany, ''Die Geißel des Himmels'', Heyne, München, 1974, {{ISBN|3-453-30250-8}}
* 1975, Argentina, ''La rueda del cielo'', Grupo Editor de Buenos Aires.
* 1979, Sweden: ''På Andra Sidan Drömmen'', Kindbergs Förlag, {{ISBN|91-85668-01-X}}
* 1983, Portugal: ''O Flagelo dos Céus'', Publicações Europa-América
* 1987, Spain, ''La rueda celeste'', Minotauro, Barcelona, 1987; reprinted in 2017 {{ISBN|978-84-350-0784-9}}
* 1987, Serbia: ''Nebeski strug'', Zoroaster
* 1991, Finland: ''Taivaan työkalu'', Book Studio, {{ISBN|951-611-408-3}}
* 1991, Poland: ''Jesteśmy snem'', Phantom Press, {{ISBN|83-7075-210-1}} & 83-900214-1-2
* 1991, Portugal: ''Do Outro Lado do Sonho'', Edições 70, {{ISBN|972-44-0784-5}}
* 1992, Hungary: ''Égi eszterga'', Móra, {{ISBN|963-11-6867-0}}
* 1994, Czech Republic: ''Smrtonosné sny'', Ivo Železný, {{ISBN|80-7116-173-X}}
* 1997, Russia: ''{{lang|ru|Резец небесный}}''
* 2004, Portugal: ''O Tormento dos Céus'', Editorial Presença, {{ISBN|972-23-3156-6}}
* 2005, Italy: ''La Falce dei cieli'', Editrice Nord, {{ISBN|88-429-1360-X}}
* 2010, Korea: ''하늘의 물레''.황금가지, {{ISBN|978-89-6017-242-5}}
* 2011, Turkey: ''Rüyanın Öte Yakası'', Metis Yayınları, {{ISBN|978-97-5342-791-3}}
* 2013, Romania: ''Sfâșierea cerului'', Editura Trei, {{ISBN|978-973-707-723-3}}

==See also==
{{portal|Novels}}
*''[[Eye in the Sky (novel)|Eye in the Sky]]''
*''[[The Man in the High Castle]]''
*''[[The Futurological Congress]]''
*''[[The Tombs of Atuan]]''
*''[[The Word for World Is Forest]]''
*''[[Paprika (2006 film)|Paprika]]''
*[[Psychokinesis]]
*[[Utopian and dystopian fiction]]

==References==
;Notes
{{reflist}}
;Bibliography
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite journal
  | last =  Barbour
  | first = Douglas
  | title = The Lathe of Heaven: Taoist Dream
  | journal = [[Algol (fanzine)|Algol]]
  | issue = 21
  | pages = 22–24
  | publisher = [[Andrew I. Porter]]
  | date = Nov 1973
  }}
* {{cite book 
 | title=Ursula K. Le Guin: A Critical Companion
 | last1=Bernardo 
 | first1=Susan M. 
 | last2=Murphy 
 | first2 = Graham J. 
 | publisher=Greenwood Press
 | location=Westport, CT 
 | edition=1st 
 | year=2006 
 | isbn = 0-313-33225-8}}
*{{cite book
  | editor-last = Bloom
  | editor-first = Harold
  | editor-link = Harold Bloom
  | title = Ursula K. Le Guin
  | publisher = Chelsea House Publishers
  | series = Modern Critical Views
  | location = New York
  | year = 1986
  | isbn = 0-87754-659-2
  | url = https://archive.org/details/ursulakleguin00bloo
  }}
*{{cite book
  | last = Bucknall
  | first = Barbara J.
  | title = Ursula K. Le Guin
  | publisher = Frederick Ungar Publishing Co
  | series = Recognitions
  | location = New York
  | year = 1981
  | isbn = 0-8044-2085-8
  | url = https://archive.org/details/ursulakleguin00buck
  }}
* {{cite book 
 | title=Ursula K. Le Guin Beyond Genre: Fiction for Children and Adults
 | last=Cadden 
 | first =Mike
 | publisher=Routledge
 | location=New York, NY  
 | edition =1st 
 | year=2005 
 | isbn = 0-415-99527-2}}
*{{cite journal
  | last =  Cummins
  | first = Elizabeth 
  | title = The Land-Lady's Homebirth: Revisiting Ursula K. Le Guin's Worlds
  | journal = [[Science Fiction Studies]]
  | volume = 17
  | issue = 51
  | pages = 153–166
  | publisher = SF-TH Inc.
  | date = Jul 1990
  }}
*{{cite book
  | last =  Cummins
  | first = Elizabeth 
  | title = Understanding Ursula K. Le Guin
  | publisher = University of South Carolina Press 
  | edition = 2nd
  | year = 1993
  | isbn  = 0-87249-869-7 }}
*{{cite book
  | last = Franko
  | first = Carol S. 
  | chapter = The I-We Dilemma and a "Utopian Unconscious" in Well's ''When the Sleeper Wakes'' and Le Guin's ''The Lathe of Heaven''
  | title = Political Science Fiction
  | publisher = University of South Carolina Press 
  | year = 1996
  | pages = 76–98
  | isbn  = 1-57003-113-4 }}
*{{cite journal
  | last = Huang
  | first = Betsy
  | title = Premodern Orientalist Science Fictions
  | journal = [[MELUS]]
  | volume = 33
  | issue = 4
  | pages = 23–43
  | publisher = [[University of Connecticut]]
  | date = Winter 2008
  | issn = 0163-755X
  | doi=10.1093/melus/33.4.23}}
*{{cite journal
  | last =  Jameson
  | first = Fredric
  | author-link = Fredric Jameson
  | title = Progress Versus Utopia; or, Can We Imagine the Future?  
  | journal = [[Science Fiction Studies]]
  | volume = 9
  | issue = 27
  | pages = 147–158
  | publisher = SF-TH Inc.
  | date = Jul 1982
  }}
*{{cite book
  | last = Jameson
  | first = Fredric
  | author-link = Fredric Jameson
  | title = Archaeologies of the Future: The Desire Called Utopia and Other Science Fictions
  | publisher = Verso
  | year = 2005
  | isbn  = 1-84467-033-3 }}
*{{cite journal
  | last =  Malmgren
  | first = Carl D.
  | title = Orr Else? The Protagonists of Le Guin's ''The Lathe of Heaven''
  | journal = Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts
  | volume = 9
  | issue = 4
  | pages = 59–69
  | publisher = International Association for the Fantastic in the Arts
  | location = Idaho State University
  | year = 1998
  | issn = 0897-0521 }}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
* {{ISFDB title|7661}}
*[http://www.scifi.com/sfw/issue162/classic.html Review by ''Science Fiction Weekly''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325085949/http://www.scifi.com/sfw/issue162/classic.html |date=2009-03-25 }}
*[http://www.conceptualfiction.com/thelatheofheaven.html ''The Lathe of Heaven''], reviewed by Ted Gioia ([http://www.conceptualfiction.com Conceptual Fiction] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421055747/http://www.conceptualfiction.com/ |date=2021-04-21 }})
*[http://www.worldswithoutend.com/novel.asp?ID=287 ''The Lathe of Heaven''] at Worlds Without End
*[https://terebess.hu/english/chuangtzu.html A translation of the works of Chuang Tzu (Zhuang Zhou)] is available on-line.

{{Ursula K. Le Guin}}
{{Locus Award Best Novel}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lathe of Heaven, The}}
[[Category:1971 American novels]]
[[Category:Dystopian novels]]
[[Category:1971 science fiction novels]]
[[Category:Novels by Ursula K. Le Guin]]
[[Category:American post-apocalyptic novels]]
[[Category:Novels set in Portland, Oregon]]
[[Category:Existentialist novels]]
[[Category:Works originally published in Amazing Stories]]
[[Category:Novels first published in serial form]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 2002]]
[[Category:American novels adapted into films]]
[[Category:Novels about dreams]]
[[Category:American novels adapted into television shows]]
[[Category:American novels adapted into plays]]
[[Category:Science fiction novels adapted into films]]
[[Category:Avon (publisher) books]]
[[Category:Overpopulation fiction]]
[[Category:Fiction about climate change]]