J u m p t o c o n t e n t
M a i n m e n u
M a i n m e n u
N a v i g a t i o n
● M a i n p a g e
● C o n t e n t s
● C u r r e n t e v e n t s
● R a n d o m a r t i c l e
● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a
● C o n t a c t u s
● D o n a t e
C o n t r i b u t e
● H e l p
● L e a r n t o e d i t
● C o m m u n i t y p o r t a l
● R e c e n t c h a n g e s
● U p l o a d f i l e
S e a r c h
Search
A p p e a r a n c e
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t
● L o g i n
P e r s o n a l t o o l s
● C r e a t e a c c o u n t
● L o g i n
P a g e s f o r l o g g e d o u t e d i t o r s l e a r n m o r e
● C o n t r i b u t i o n s
● T a l k
( T o p )
1
S e x p h e r o m o n e s t u d i e s
2
E t y m o l o g y
3
E p i d e m i o l o g y
4
S p e c i e s
T o g g l e S p e c i e s s u b s e c t i o n
4 . 1
S u b g e n u s B o o p h i l u s
5
R e f e r e n c e s
6
F u r t h e r r e a d i n g
7
E x t e r n a l l i n k s
T o g g l e t h e t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s
R h i p i c e p h a l u s
1 5 l a n g u a g e s
● ا ل ع ر ب ي ة
● C e b u a n o
● D a n s k
● D e u t s c h
● E s p a ñ o l
● ف ا ر س ی
● F r a n ç a i s
● م ص ر ى
● N e d e r l a n d s
● P o r t u g u ê s
● Р у с с к и й
● S v e n s k a
● T ü r k ç e
● W i n a r a y
● 中 文
E d i t l i n k s
● A r t i c l e
● T a l k
E n g l i s h
● R e a d
● E d i t
● V i e w h i s t o r y
T o o l s
T o o l s
A c t i o n s
● R e a d
● E d i t
● V i e w h i s t o r y
G e n e r a l
● W h a t l i n k s h e r e
● R e l a t e d c h a n g e s
● U p l o a d f i l e
● S p e c i a l p a g e s
● P e r m a n e n t l i n k
● P a g e i n f o r m a t i o n
● C i t e t h i s p a g e
● G e t s h o r t e n e d U R L
● D o w n l o a d Q R c o d e
● W i k i d a t a i t e m
P r i n t / e x p o r t
● D o w n l o a d a s P D F
● P r i n t a b l e v e r s i o n
I n o t h e r p r o j e c t s
● W i k i m e d i a C o m m o n s
● W i k i s p e c i e s
A p p e a r a n c e
F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
( R e d i r e c t e d f r o m B o o p h i l u s )
Rhipicephalus is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae , the hard ticks, consisting of about 74 or 75 species.[2] [3] Most are native to tropical Africa .[2]
Rhipicephalus ticks are commonly called 'the brown tick' as they are mostly brown in colour.[4] Most adult ticks in this genus do not have colour patterns on their scutum (inornate).[4] This makes the species difficult to distinguish from one another because most are quite similar, but individuals of one particular species can be quite variable.[3] [4] Ticks have traditionally been identified by examination of distinctive morphological features. Most of the characteristics used to identify species pertain to male specimens.[3] The immature and female specimens are sometimes simply impossible to identify due to the lack of differential morphological features.[3] [4] [5]
Many Rhipicephalus spp. are of economic, medical, and veterinary importance because of their blood feeding lifestyle. They are possible vectors of many pathogens in humans and animals. They can transmit pathogens that cause animal and human diseases, such as East Coast fever , anaplasmosis , babesiosis , rickettsiosis ,[2] Boutonneuse fever , Lyme disease , Q fever , Rocky Mountain spotted fever , and Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever .[6] In addition to the infectious agents spread by ticks, tick bites can lead to allergic and toxic reactions.[7] [8] A toxic reaction occur when they inject a neurotoxin with their bite that leads to tick-caused paralysis .[2] [8]
Boophilus was once considered a separate genus, but studies in the early 2000s resulted in Boophilus being made a subgenus of Rhipicephalus .[9] Although Boophilus has been included in the Rhipicephalus genus, their morphology is different from the typical Rhipicephalus species.[5]
Species familiar in the domestic environment include the brown dog tick (R. sanguineus ).
Sex pheromone studies [ edit ]
A number of Rhipicephalus spp. females produce phenol and p -cresol after being fed for six days. These compounds may act as sex pheromones since these compounds were shown to be the sex pheromone of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus . [10]
Etymology [ edit ]
The name Rhipicephalus is derived from the Greek word rhiphis , meaning "fan-like",[citation needed ] and κεφαλή, kephalē , meaning "head". The two terms are related to the hexagonal basis capituli of Rhipicephalus .
Epidemiology [ edit ]
Rhipicephalus bursa is a carrier of babesiosis , theileriosis and anaplasmosis in domestic animals, of the Nairobi sheep disease , and an aggressive vector of the agents of the Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever and of the Q fever .[11]
Species [ edit ]
Rhipicephalus aquatilis Walker, Keirans & Pegram, 1993
Rhipicephalus armatus Pocock, 1900
Rhipicephalus arnoldi Theiler & Zumpt, 1949
Rhipicephalus australis Fuller, 1899
Rhipicephalus bequaerti Zumpt, 1949
Rhipicephalus bergeoni Morel & Balis, 1976
Rhipicephalus boueti Morel, 1957
Rhipicephalus bursa Canestrini & Fanzago, 1878
Rhipicephalus camicasi Morel, Mouchet & Rodhain, 1976
Rhipicephalus capensis Koch, 1844
Rhipicephalus carnivoralis Walker, 1966
Rhipicephalus complanatus Neumann, 1911
Rhipicephalus compositus Neumann, 1897
Rhipicephalus congolensis Apanaskevich, Horak & Mulumba-Mfumu, 2013 [12]
Rhipicephalus cuspidatus Neumann, 1906
Rhipicephalus decoloratus Koch, 1844
Rhipicephalus deltoideus Neumann, 1910
Rhipicephalus distinctus Bedford 1932
Rhipicephalus duttoni Neumann, 1907
Rhipicephalus dux Dönitz, 1910
Rhipicephalus evertsi Neumann, 1897
Rhipicephalus exophthalmos Keirans & Walker 1993
Rhipicephalus follis Dönitz, 1910
Rhipicephalus fulvus Neumann, 1913
Rhipicephalus gertrudae Feldman-Muhsam, 1960
Rhipicephalus glabroscutatum Du Toit, 1941
Rhipicephalus guilhoni Morel & Vassiliades, 1963
Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides Supino, 1897
Rhipicephalus hoogstraali Kolonin, 2009
Rhipicephalus humeralis Rondelli, 1926
Rhipicephalus hurti Wilson, 1954
Rhipicephalus interventus Walker, Pegram & Keirans, 1995
Rhipicephalus jeanneli Neumann 1913
Rhipicephalus kochi Dönitz, 1905
Rhipicephalus leporis Pomerantsev , 1946
Rhipicephalus longiceps Warburton 1912
Rhipicephalus longicoxatus Neumann, 1905
Rhipicephalus longus Neumann, 1907
Rhipicephalus lounsburyi Walker, 1990
Rhipicephalus lunulatus Neumann 1907
Rhipicephalus maculatus Neumann, 1901
Rhipicephalus masseyi Nuttall & Warburton 1908
Rhipicephalus microplus Canestrini, 1888
Rhipicephalus moucheti Morel, 1965
Rhipicephalus muehlensi Zumpt, 1943
Rhipicephalus muhsamae Morel & Vassiliades, 1965
Rhipicephalus neumanni Walker, 1990
Rhipicephalus nitens Neumann, 1904
Rhipicephalus oculatus Neumann 1901
Rhipicephalus oreotragi Walker & Horak, 2000
Rhipicephalus pilans Schulze, 1935
Rhipicephalus planus Neumann, 1907
Rhipicephalus praetextatus Gerstäcker, 1873
Rhipicephalus pravus Dönitz, 1910
Rhipicephalus pseudolongus Santos Dias, 1953
Rhipicephalus pulchellus Gerstäcker, 1873
Rhipicephalus pumilio Schulze, 1935
Rhipicephalus punctatus Warburton 1912
Rhipicephalus pusillus Gil Collado, 1936
Rhipicephalus ramachandrai Dhanda, 1966
Rhipicephalus rossicus Yakimov & Kol-Yakimova, 1911
Rhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille, 1806 – brown dog tick
Rhipicephalus scalpturatus Santos Dias, 1959
Rhipicephalus schulzei Olenev 1929
Rhipicephalus sculptus Warburton 1912
Rhipicephalus senegalensis Koch, 1844
Rhipicephalus serranoi Santos Dias 1950
Rhipicephalus simpsoni Nuttall 1910
Rhipicephalus simus Koch, 1844
Rhipicephalus sulcatus Neumann, 1908
Rhipicephalus supertritus Neumann, 1907
Rhipicephalus tetracornus Kitaoka & Suzuki, 1983 [13] [14] : 321
Rhipicephalus theileri Bedford & Hewitt, 1925
Rhipicephalus tricuspis Dönitz, 1906
Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomerantsev 1936
Rhipicephalus warburtoni Walker & Horak, 2000
Rhipicephalus zambeziensis Walker, Norval & Corwin, 1981
Rhipicephalus zumpti Santos Dias, 1950
Subgenus Boophilus [ edit ]
Rhipicephalus decoloratus Koch, 1844
Rhipicephalus geigyi Aeschlimann & Morel, 1965
Rhipicephalus kohlsi Hoogstraal & Kaiser, 1960
Rhipicephalus microplus Canestrini, 1888 – southern cattle tick
References [ edit ]
^ a b c d Beati, L. and J. E. Keirans. (2001). Analysis of the systematic relationships among ticks of the genera Rhipicephalus and Boophilus (Acari: Ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA gene sequences and morphological characters. The Journal of Parasitology 87(1 ), 32.
^ a b c d Walker, J.B., Keirans, J.E. & Horak, I.G. (2000). The Genus Rhipicephalus (Acari, Ixodidae): A Guide to the Brown Ticks of the World . Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-48008-6 . {{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )
^ a b The Ixodid Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Southern Africa . doi :10.1007/978-3-319-70642-9 .
^ Rhipicephalus . Tick Identification Key. University of Lincoln.
^ Ahmed, Jabbar; Alp, Hatice; Aksin, Muhammed; Seitzer, Ulrike (2007). "Current status of ticks in Asia" . Parasitology Research . 101 (S2): 159–162. doi :10.1007/s00436-007-0696-3 . ISSN 0932-0113 .
^ a b Daniel E. Sonenshine, R. Michael Roe (2014). Overview: Ticks, People, and Animals in Biology of ticks, Volume 1 (Second ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-937927-9 . OCLC 862106136 .
^ Murrell, Anna; Barker, Stephen C. (2003). "Synonymy of Boophilus Curtice, 1891 with Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae)". Systematic Parasitology . 56 (3 ): 169–172. doi :10.1023/B:SYPA.0000003802.36517.a0 . PMID 14707501 . S2CID 995415 .
^ Wood, William F.; Leahy, Mary G..; Galun, R.; Prestwich, G. D.; Meinwald, J.; Purnell, R. E.; Payne, J. (1975). "Phenols as Sex Pheromones of Ixodid Ticks: A General Phenomen?". J. Chemical Ecology . 1 : 501–509. doi :10.1007/BF00988590 .
^ Arnaudov1, Atanas D.; Arnaudov, Dimo Y. (January 1, 2017). "Ixodid Ticks on Domestic Ruminants: an Investigation in the Valley of Maritsa River in Plovdiv Region, Bulgaria" . Acta Zoologica Bulgarica (Suppl. 8): 223. ISSN 0324-0770 . OCLC 7091676742 . {{cite journal }}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link )
^ Apanaskevich, D. A., et al. 2013. A new species of Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae), a parasite of Red River hogs and domestic pigs in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Journal of Medical Entomology 50(3 ), 479-84.
^ Kitaoka, Shigeo; Suzuki, Hiroshi (1983). "Studies on the Parasite Fauna of Thailand: 5. Parasitic ticks on mammals and description of Ixodes siamensis sp. n. and Rhipicephalus tetracornus sp. n. (Acarina: Ixodidae)". Tropical Medicine . 25 (4 ): 205–219. hdl :10069/4366 .
^ Guglielmone, Alberto A.; Robbins, Richard G.; Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.; Petney, Trevor N.; Estrada-Peña, Agustín; Horak, Ivan G. (2009). "Comments on controversial tick (Acari: Ixodida) species names and species described or resurrected from 2003 to 2008" (PDF) . Experimental and Applied Acarology . 48 (4 ): 311–327. doi :10.1007/s10493-009-9246-2 . hdl :2263/13757 . PMID 19169832 . S2CID 29053875 .
Further reading [ edit ]
Horak, I. G.; et al. (2000). The Genus Rhipicephalus (Acardi, Ixodidae): A Guide to the Brown Ticks of the World . Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-521-48008-6 .
External links [ edit ]
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhipicephalus&oldid=1214689101#Subgenus_Boophilus "
C a t e g o r i e s :
● T i c k s
● T a x a n a m e d b y C a r l L u d w i g K o c h
● I x o d i d a e
H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s :
● C S 1 m a i n t : m u l t i p l e n a m e s : a u t h o r s l i s t
● C S 1 m a i n t : n u m e r i c n a m e s : a u t h o r s l i s t
● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n
● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a
● A r t i c l e s w i t h ' s p e c i e s ' m i c r o f o r m a t s
● A l l a r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s
● A r t i c l e s w i t h u n s o u r c e d s t a t e m e n t s f r o m M a r c h 2 0 1 8
● C o m m o n s c a t e g o r y l i n k f r o m W i k i d a t a
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 2 0 M a r c h 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 5 : 0 7 ( U T C ) .
● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n .
● P r i v a c y p o l i c y
● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a
● D i s c l a i m e r s
● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a
● C o d e o f C o n d u c t
● D e v e l o p e r s
● S t a t i s t i c s
● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t
● M o b i l e v i e w