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Contents

   



(Top)
  


1 Demographics  




2 Language contact  




3 Internal classification  


3.1  Mason (1950)  




3.2  Jolkesky (2016)  






4 Vocabulary  




5 Further reading  




6 References  




7 External links  













Araucanian languages






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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  
(Redirected from Mapudungun languages)
Araucanian
Geographic
distribution		Andes of Chile, Argentina
Linguistic classificationOne of the world's primary language families
Subdivisions
Glottologarau1255

The Araucanian languages /ˌærɔːˈkeɪniən/[1] are a small language familyofindigenous languages of the Americas spoken in central Chile and neighboring areas of Argentina. The living representatives of this family are Mapudungun (ISO 639-3: arn) and Huilliche (ISO 639-3: huh), spoken respectively by the Mapuche and Huilliche people. These are usually considered divergent dialects of a single language isolate.

Demographics[edit]

It is estimated that there are approximately 200,000 Mapudungu speakers in Chile and 40,000 speakers in Argentina. Huilliche is the native language of a few thousand Chileans.

Language contact[edit]

Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Kunza, Mochika, Uru-Chipaya, Arawak, Pano, Cholon-Hibito, and Kechua language families due to contact.[2]

Internal classification[edit]

Mason (1950)[edit]

Internal classification of Araucanian languages by Mason (1950):[3]

  • Araucanian
    • North
      • Picunche
  • Mapuche
  • Pewenche
    • Rankel(che)
  • Moluche
  • South
    • Wiliche (Huilliche)
      • Wiliche
        • Serrano
        • Pichi-Wiliche
      • Manzanero
    • Veliche (Chilote)
    • Chikiyami (Cuncho)
    • Leuvuche
  • East
    • Taluhet (Taluche)
    • Divihet (Diviche)

    • Jolkesky (2016)[edit]

    Internal classification by Jolkesky (2016):[2]

    († = extinct)

  • Pewenche
  • Rankelche
  • Mapudungun, Southern: Williche
  • Mapudungun, Northern

    • Vocabulary[edit]

    Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Mapuche (Araucanian) language varieties.[4]

    gloss Mapuche Picunche Pehuenche Huiliche Chilote Ranquelche
    one kiñe kiñe kiñe kiñe kenge kiñe
    two epu epue epu epu epo epú
    three küla kela kela kila köla kʔla
    head longko lonko rlonko lonkó
    hand kũ kúü kuü ghechu keñeu
    water ko ko ko ko ku go
    sun antu antü ante ante ánte ant'ü
    moon kuyen küyén küyen kiyen kién kiyet
    maize voe wa wa waká wa
    bird gunún üñem küñüm giñum trarú
    dog thehua thewa thewa trehua cheuá
    jaguar nahuel nahuel nawel nahuel naue

    Further reading[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ "Araucanian". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  • ^ a b Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho De Valhery. 2016. Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas Archived 2021-04-18 at the Wayback Machine. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Brasília.
  • ^ Mason, John Alden (1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.). Handbook of South American Indians. Vol. 6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143. pp. 157–317.
  • ^ Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.

    • External links[edit]


    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Araucanian_languages&oldid=1225727227"
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     ●Mapuche language
     ●Language families
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