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| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
(2R)-2-[(2R,3S,6R)-6-{[(2S,4R,5R,7R,9R,10R)-2-{(2S,2′R,3′S,5R,5′R)-5′-[(2S,3S,5R,6R)-6-Hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]-2,3′-dimethyl[2,2′-bioxolan]-5-yl}-9-methoxy-2,4,10-trimethyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-7-yl]methyl}-3-methyloxan-2-yl]propanoic acid | |
| Other names
Polyetherin A, Azalomycin M, Helixin C, Helix C | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.212.814 
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PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C40H68O11 | |
| Molar mass | 724.96132 g/mol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Nigericin is an antibiotic derived from Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Its isolation from soil from Nigeria was described in the 1950s, by R.L Harned (et. al),[1][2] and in 1968 the structure could be elucidated by X-ray crystallography.[3] The structure and properties of nigericin are similar to the antibiotic monensin. Commercially it is obtained as a byproduct, or contaminant, at the fermentation of geldanamycin. It is also called polyetherin A, azalomycin M, helixin C, antibiotic K178, and antibiotic X-464.
Nigericin acts as an H+, K+, Pb2+ ionophore. Most commonly it is an antiporter of H+ and K+.
In the past nigericin was used as an antibiotic active against gram positive bacteria. It inhibits the Golgi functions in Eukaryotic cells. Its ability to induce K+ efflux also makes it a potent activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome[4][5]
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