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Pyrgomorphidae is a family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera ; it is the only family in the superfamily Pyrgomorphoidea .[1] Pyrgomorphidae is found worldwide in tropical and warm temperate regions (though none are from US mainland),[1] but the vast majority of the family's approximately 500 species are from Africa, Asia and Australia.[2] Their name is probably derived from pyrgos (Greek: Πύργος ) meaning "tower": a reference to the form (morph ) of the head in the type genus Pyrgomorpha and other genera.
They may sometimes be known as "gaudy grasshoppers",[1] due to the striking, bright aposematic colouration of a number of genera, warning of their toxicity.[2] However, about 90% of the species in the family are harmless and well-camouflaged ,[2] with a few, notably Sphenarium , even caught for human consumption .[3]
Subfamilies and tribes [ edit ]
Incomplete list of genera and species:[1]
All tribes and selected genera only are shown here:
Tribe Brunniellini Kevan, 1963 - Philippines
Tribe Chapmanacridini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - W. Africa
Tribe Fijipyrgini Kevan, 1966 - Fiji
Tribe Geloiini Bolívar, 1905 - Madagascar
Tribe Gymnohippini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
Tribe Ichthiacridini Kevan, Singh & Akbar, 1964 - Mexico
Tribe Ichthyotettigini Kevan, Singh & Akbar, 1964 - Mexico
Tribe Malagasphenini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
Tribe Mitricephalini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Malesia
Tribe Nereniini Kevan, 1964 - Vietnam, PNG
Tribe Orthacridini Bolívar, 1905 - E. Africa, Madagascar, India, Indo-China
Neorthacris simulans at Kadavoor , Kerala , India
Tribe Popoviini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - E. Africa to India
Tribe Psednurini Burr, 1904 - Australia
Tribe Sagittacridini Descamps & Wintrebert, 1966 - Madagascar
Tribe Verduliini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Philippines to PNG
Some notable genera and species are shown here:
Tribe Atractomorphini - Africa, Asia, Australia
Atractomorpha similis
Tribe Chlorizeinini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Africa, Asia
Tribe Chrotogonini Bolívar, 1904 - Africa, Asia
Tribe Desmopterini - W. Africa, Asia, Australia
Tribe Dictyophorini - Africa
Immature Dictyophorus spumans Cedarberg South Africa
Tribe Monistriini - Australia
Tribe Omurini Kevan, 1961 - South America
Tribe Petasidini - Australia
Tribe Phymateini - Africa (incl. Madagascar), China
Phymateus morbillosus . Male. Common milkweed locust photographed in thorn tree (African acacia sp.) at Sterkfontein
Tribe Poekilocerini Burmeister, 1840 - Africa, India, Indo-China, Malesia, PNG
Tribe Psednurini - Australia
Tribe Pseudomorphacridini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Indo-China
Tribe Pyrgomorphini - Africa, W. Asia through to India
Tribe Schulthessiini Kevan & Akbar, 1964 - Madagascar
Tribe Sphenariini Bolívar, 1884 - Central America, Africa, China
Tribe Tagastini Bolívar, 1905 - SE Asia
Tribe Taphronotini Bolívar, 1904 - Africa, India, Indo-China
References [ edit ]
^ a b c Mariño-Pérez, R.; Song, H. (2017). "Phylogeny of the grasshopper family Pyrgomorphidae(Caelifera, Orthoptera) based on morphology". Systematic Entomology . 43 (1 ): 90–108. doi :10.1111/syen.12251 .
^ Cerritos, R.; Cano-Santana, Z. (2008). "Harvesting grasshoppers Sphenarium purpurascens in Mexico for human consumption: A comparison with insecticidal control for managing pest outbreaks". Crop Protection . 27 (3–5): 473–480. Bibcode :2008CrPro..27..473C . doi :10.1016/j.cropro.2007.08.001 .
^ a b "Orthoptera (Grasshoppers & Locusts)" . anic.ento.csiro.au . Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Retrieved 25 July 2011 .
^ "2. Petasida ephippigera White" .
External links [ edit ]
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyrgomorphidae&oldid=1227011101 "
C a t e g o r i e s :
● P y r g o m o r p h i d a e
● O r t h o p t e r a f a m i l i e s
● T a x a n a m e d b y C a r l B r u n n e r v o n W a t t e n w y l
H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s :
● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n
● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a
● A r t i c l e s w i t h ' s p e c i e s ' m i c r o f o r m a t s
● C o m m o n s c a t e g o r y l i n k f r o m W i k i d a t a
● A r t i c l e s w i t h J 9 U i d e n t i f i e r s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 3 J u n e 2 0 2 4 , a t 0 3 : 3 4 ( U T C ) .
● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n .
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