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The biological systematics and taxonomy of invertebrates as proposed by Richard C. Brusca and Gary J. Brusca in 2003 is a system of classificationofinvertebrates, as a way to classify animals without backbones.[1]
The authors divide the bilaterians in three informal groups:
Several groups traditionally viewed as having a blastocoelomate condition are viewed here as acoelomates (e.g., Gastrotricha, Entoprocta, Gnathostomulida).
Some of the coelomates groups (e.g., Arthropoda, Mollusca) have greatly reduced celomic spaces; often the main body cavity is a bloodfilled space called a hemocoel, and is associated with an open circulatory system.
The Brachiopoda, Ectoprocta and Phoronida are viewed as lophophorates.
In a phylogeny,[3] the bilaterians are divided in:
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