|
|
Madison, NOT Muhlenberg, was the Anti-Administration leader in 1790-91; Muhlenberg was re-elected speaker in 1793 by the votes of Anti-Administration members but remained affiliated with the Pro-Administration party. Source: Jeffrey A. Jenkins, Fighting for the Speakership, page 27.
|
||
| (29 intermediate revisions by 15 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|House elections for the 2nd U.S. Congress}} |
{{Short description|House elections for the 2nd U.S. Congress}} |
||
{{Infobox election |
{{Infobox election |
||
| election_name = |
| election_name = 1790–91 United States House of Representatives elections |
||
| country = United States |
| country = United States |
||
| flag_year = 1777 |
| flag_year = 1777 |
||
| type = legislative |
| type = legislative |
||
| ongoing = no |
| ongoing = no |
||
| previous_election = |
| previous_election = 1788–89 United States House of Representatives elections |
||
| previous_year = {{Nowrap|1788 & 1789}} |
| previous_year = {{Nowrap|1788 & 1789}} |
||
| next_election = |
| next_election = 1792–93 United States House of Representatives elections |
||
| next_year = {{Nowrap|1792 & 1793}} |
| next_year = {{Nowrap|1792 & 1793}} |
||
| seats_for_election = All 67 seats in the [[United States House of Representatives]]{{Efn|2 more seats were added by the admission of new states after the start of this Congress}} |
| seats_for_election = All 67 seats in the [[United States House of Representatives]]{{Efn|2 more seats were added by the admission of new states after the start of this Congress}} |
||
| Line 21: | Line 21: | ||
| seats1 = '''40''' |
| seats1 = '''40''' |
||
| seat_change1 = {{Increase}} 3 |
| seat_change1 = {{Increase}} 3 |
||
| image2 = Frederick Muhlenberg.jpg |
|||
| leader2 = [[Frederick Muhlenberg]]{{Efn|[[Frederick Muhlenberg]] changed from Pro-Administration to Anti-Administration)}} |
|||
| party2 = Anti-Administration Party (US) |
| party2 = Anti-Administration Party (US) |
||
| image2 = James Madison by Gilbert Stuart 1804.jpeg |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| leader2 = [[James Madison]] |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| last_election2 = 28 seats |
| last_election2 = 28 seats |
||
| seats2 = 27 |
| seats2 = 27 |
||
| seat_change2 = {{Decrease}} 1 |
| seat_change2 = {{Decrease}} 1 |
||
| map_image = |
| map_image = US House 1791.svg |
||
| map_size = 350px |
| map_size = 350px |
||
| map_alt = |
| map_alt = |
||
| map_caption = '''Results:'''<br/>{{Legend0|# |
| map_caption = '''Results:'''<br/>{{Legend0|#a6ccf2ff|Pro-Administration hold}} {{legend0|#1d72c8ff|Pro-Administration gain}}<br/>{{Legend0|#fdd49bff|Anti-Administration hold}} {{legend0|#f99407ff|Anti-Administration gain}}<br/>{{Legend0|#b4b0b1ff|Undistricted}} {{Legend0|#f23c0eff|Chesapeak Party (MD) gain}} |
||
| title = [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker]] |
| title = [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker]] |
||
| before_election = [[Frederick Muhlenberg]] |
| before_election = [[Frederick Muhlenberg]] |
||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
| after_party = Pro-Administration Party (US) |
| after_party = Pro-Administration Party (US) |
||
}} |
}} |
||
The '''1790 and 1791 United States House of Representatives |
The '''1790–91 United States House of Representatives elections''' were held on various dates in various states between April 27, 1790, and October 11, 1791. Each state set its own date for its elections to the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] before the first session of the [[2nd United States Congress]] convened on October 24, 1791. This was the first [[United States midterm election|midterm election cycle]], which took place in the middle of [[President of the United States|President]] [[George Washington|George Washington's]] first term. The sizeofthe House increased to 67 seats after the new stateofVermont elected its first representatives. |
||
While formal political parties still did not exist, coalitions of pro-Washington (pro-Administration) representatives and anti-Administration representatives each gained two seats as a result of the addition of new states to the union. |
|||
[[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker]] [[Frederick Muhlenberg]], who had led the Pro-Administrationists in 1789, switched loyalties to the Anti-Administrationists during the tenure of the 1st Congress. He failed to win election to the Speakership as their leader as a result of these elections, and was succeeded by [[Jonathan Trumbull Jr.]], who became the 2nd Speaker of the House. |
|||
[[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker]] [[Frederick Muhlenberg]] was succeeded by [[Jonathan Trumbull Jr.]], who became the 2nd Speaker of the House.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jenkins |first1=Jeffrey A. |title=Fighting for the Speakership: The House and the Rise of Party Government |date=2013 |publisher=Princeton University |location=Princeton, N. J. |pages=26-27 |url=https://archive.org/details/fightingforspeak0000jenk/page/26/mode/2up}}</ref> |
|||
== Retirements == |
== Retirements == |
||
| Line 50: | Line 52: | ||
# [[Virginia's 6th congressional district|Virginia 6]]: [[Isaac Coles]] retired. |
# [[Virginia's 6th congressional district|Virginia 6]]: [[Isaac Coles]] retired. |
||
[[Aedanus Burke]], a U.S. |
[[Aedanus Burke]], a U.S. representative from [[South Carolina's 2nd congressional district]], either retired or lost re-election but it is not known |
||
=== Pro-Administration === |
=== Pro-Administration === |
||
| Line 59: | Line 61: | ||
== Election summaries == |
== Election summaries == |
||
In this period, each state fixed its own date for congressional general elections, |
In this period, each state fixed its own date for congressional general elections, as early as April 27, 1790 (in New York) and as late as October 11, 1791 (in Pennsylvania). Elections to a Congress took place both in the even-numbered year before and in the odd-numbered year when the Congress convened. In some states, the congressional delegation was not elected until after the legal start of the Congress (on the 4th day of March in the odd-numbered year). The first session of this Congress was convened in [[Philadelphia]] on October 24, 1791. |
||
Kentucky and Vermont became states during the 2nd Congress, adding two seats each.<ref>{{USStat|1|191}}</ref> The legislation admitted Vermont was passed at the end of the 1st Congress taking effect on March 4, 1791, the first day of the 2nd Congress, so that Vermont was represented from the start of the Congress, while Kentucky was unrepresented until the 2nd session. |
Kentucky and Vermont became states during the 2nd Congress, adding two seats each.<ref>{{USStat|1|191}}</ref> The legislation admitted Vermont was passed at the end of the 1st Congress taking effect on March 4, 1791, the first day of the 2nd Congress, so that Vermont was represented from the start of the Congress, while Kentucky was unrepresented until the 2nd session. |
||
| Line 134: | Line 136: | ||
! [[#Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] |
! [[#Massachusetts|Massachusetts]] |
||
| Districts |
| Districts |
||
| October 4, 1790{{Efn|add Massachusetts required a majority for electionitional trials were required in 4 districts, held between November 26, 1790 and April 2, 1792.}} |
| October 4, 1790{{Efn|add Massachusetts required a majority for electionitional trials were required in 4 districts, held between November 26, 1790, and April 2, 1792.}} |
||
| 8 |
| 8 |
||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | 7 |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | 7 |
||
| Line 202: | Line 204: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan=99 | Late elections (after the March 4, 1791 beginning of the term) |
! colspan=99 | Late elections (after the March 4, 1791, beginning of the term) |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| Line 445: | Line 447: | ||
There were special elections in 1790 and 1791 during the [[1st United States Congress]] and [[2nd United States Congress]]. |
There were special elections in 1790 and 1791 during the [[1st United States Congress]] and [[2nd United States Congress]]. |
||
New states and newly |
New states and newly ratified states are not included as special elections. |
||
Elections are sorted by date then district. |
Elections are sorted by date then district. |
||
| Line 460: | Line 462: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent died June 1, 1790.<br/>New member [[1790 Virginia's 9th congressional district special election|elected]] '''July 1790'''.<br/>Anti-Administration hold.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent died June 1, 1790.<br/>New member [[1790 Virginia's 9th congressional district special election|elected]] '''July 1790'''.<br/>Anti-Administration hold.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[William Branch Giles|William B. Giles]]''' (Anti-Administration) 54.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Branch Giles|William B. Giles]]''' (Anti-Administration) 54.5% |
||
* [[Thomas Edmunds]] (Pro-Administration) 45.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Thomas Edmunds]] (Pro-Administration) 45.5% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 471: | Line 473: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Predecessor declined election.<br/>New member [[1790 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election|elected]] '''December 16, 1790'''.<br/>Pro-Administration hold.<br/>Winner had already been elected to the next term, see below. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Predecessor declined election.<br/>New member [[1790 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election|elected]] '''December 16, 1790'''.<br/>Pro-Administration hold.<br/>Winner had already been elected to the next term, see below. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Jeremiah Wadsworth]]''' (Pro-Administration) 48.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Jeremiah Wadsworth]]''' (Pro-Administration) 48.6% |
||
* [[Amasa Learned]] (Pro-Administration) 23.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Amasa Learned]] (Pro-Administration) 23.9% |
||
* [[Benjamin Huntington]] (Pro-Administration) 13.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Benjamin Huntington]] (Pro-Administration) 13.2% |
||
* [[Tapping Reeve]] (Unknown) 8.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Tapping Reeve]] (Unknown) 8.1% |
||
* [[Stephen M. Mitchell]] (Unknown) 4.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Stephen M. Mitchell]] (Unknown) 4.1% |
||
* [[James Davenport (Connecticut congressman)|James Davenport]] (Unknown) 1.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[James Davenport (Connecticut congressman)|James Davenport]] (Unknown) 1.5% |
||
* John Chester (Unknown) 0.7% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}John Chester (Unknown) 0.7% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 490: | Line 492: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Representative-elect [[James Townsend (New York)|James Townsend]] (Pro-Administration) died May 24, 1790.<br/>New member [[1791 New York's 1st congressional district special election|elected]] '''April 26–28, 1791'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Representative-elect [[James Townsend (New York)|James Townsend]] (Pro-Administration) died May 24, 1790.<br/>New member [[1791 New York's 1st congressional district special election|elected]] '''April 26–28, 1791'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Tredwell]]''' (Anti-Administration) 26.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Tredwell]]''' (Anti-Administration) 26.2% |
||
* [[John Vanderbilt]] (Pro-Administration) 19.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[John Vanderbilt]] (Pro-Administration) 19.2% |
||
* Henry Peters (Pro-Administration) 14.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}Henry Peters (Pro-Administration) 14.5% |
||
* [[Ezra L'Hommedieu]] (Anti-Administration) 14.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Ezra L'Hommedieu]] (Anti-Administration) 14.2% |
||
* Stephen Carman (Anti-Administration) 14.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}Stephen Carman (Anti-Administration) 14.1% |
||
* [[Isaac Ledyard]] (Pro-Administration) 11.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Isaac Ledyard]] (Pro-Administration) 11.8% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 503: | Line 505: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
||
| [[1790 United States House of Representatives election in Connecticut|1790]] |
| [[1790 United States House of Representatives election in Connecticut|1790]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent-and-Representative-elect resigned March 31, 1791 to become U.S. Senator.<br/>New member [[1791 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election|elected]] '''September 19, 1791'''.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent-and-Representative-elect resigned March 31, 1791, to become U.S. Senator.<br/>New member [[1791 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election|elected]] '''September 19, 1791'''.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Amasa Learned]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Amasa Learned]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
||
* {{ |
* {{Data missing|date=February 2020}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 516: | Line 518: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent resigned.<br/>New member [[1791 Maryland's 3rd congressional district special election|elected]] '''October 26–29, 1791'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''.<br/>Winner seated February 5, 1792. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent resigned.<br/>New member [[1791 Maryland's 3rd congressional district special election|elected]] '''October 26–29, 1791'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''.<br/>Winner seated February 5, 1792. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Francis Mercer]]''' (Anti-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Francis Mercer]]''' (Anti-Administration) |
||
* Unopposed |
* ''Unopposed'' |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 536: | Line 538: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected.<br/>Winner declined to serve and a new member would later be elected in a special election. |
| Incumbent re-elected.<br/>Winner declined to serve and a new member would later be elected in a special election. |
||
| nowrap rowspan=5 | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap rowspan=5 | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Roger Sherman]]''' (Pro-Administration) 2,969 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Roger Sherman]]''' (Pro-Administration) 2,969 votes |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Pierpont Edwards]]''' (Pro-Administration) 2,239 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Pierpont Edwards]]''' (Pro-Administration) 2,239 votes |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[James Hillhouse]]''' (Pro-Administration) 2,035 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[James Hillhouse]]''' (Pro-Administration) 2,035 votes |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Jonathan Sturges]]''' (Pro-Administration) 1,730 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Jonathan Sturges]]''' (Pro-Administration) 1,730 votes |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Jonathan Trumbull Jr.]]''' (Pro-Administration) 1,720 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Jonathan Trumbull Jr.]]''' (Pro-Administration) 1,720 votes |
||
* [[Tapping Reeve]] 1,672 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Tapping Reeve]] 1,672 votes |
||
* [[Jeremiah Wadsworth]] (Pro-Administration) 1,658 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Jeremiah Wadsworth]] (Pro-Administration) 1,658 votes |
||
* [[Amasa Learned]] (Pro-Administration) 1,463 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Amasa Learned]] (Pro-Administration) 1,463 votes |
||
* [[Stephen M. Mitchell]] (Pro-Administration) 1,435 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Stephen M. Mitchell]] (Pro-Administration) 1,435 votes |
||
* [[Benjamin Huntington]] 1,372 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Benjamin Huntington]] 1,372 votes |
||
* John Chester 881 votes |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}John Chester 881 votes |
||
* [[James Davenport (Connecticut congressman)|James Davenport]] (Pro-Administration) 786 votes<ref name=Elections1790>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= March 22, 2018 | title= Connecticut 1790 U.S. House of Representatives | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ct.congress.1790}}, citing The Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). October 22, 1790.</ref> |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[James Davenport (Connecticut congressman)|James Davenport]] (Pro-Administration) 786 votes<ref name=Elections1790>{{Cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= March 22, 2018 | title= Connecticut 1790 U.S. House of Representatives | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ct.congress.1790}}, citing The Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). October 22, 1790.</ref> |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 576: | Line 578: | ||
|} |
|} |
||
There were two subsequent [[special election]]s. [[1790 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election|The first]] was held to fill the vacancy left by [[Pierpont Edwards]] (Pro-Administration) declining to serve and was won by [[Jeremiah Wadsworth]] (Pro-Administration). [[1791 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election|The second]] was held September 19, 1791 to fill the vacancy left by [[Roger Sherman]] (Pro-Administration)'s election to the [[United States Senate|Senate]] and was won by [[Amasa Learned]] (Pro-Administration). |
There were two subsequent [[special election]]s. [[1790 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election|The first]] was held to fill the vacancy left by [[Pierpont Edwards]] (Pro-Administration) declining to serve and was won by [[Jeremiah Wadsworth]] (Pro-Administration). [[1791 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election|The second]] was held September 19, 1791, to fill the vacancy left by [[Roger Sherman]] (Pro-Administration)'s election to the [[United States Senate|Senate]] and was won by [[Amasa Learned]] (Pro-Administration). |
||
== Delaware == |
== Delaware == |
||
| Line 590: | Line 592: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John M. Vining]]''' (Pro-Administration) 50.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John M. Vining]]''' (Pro-Administration) 50.3% |
||
* [[Joshua Clayton]] (Pro-Administration) 28.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Joshua Clayton]] (Pro-Administration) 28.9% |
||
* Thomas Duff 20.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Thomas Duff 20.8% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 611: | Line 613: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold.<br/>Election was subsequently challenged, the House determined that electoral fraud had occurred, and the seat was declared void. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold.<br/>Election was subsequently challenged, the House determined that electoral fraud had occurred, and the seat was declared void. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Anthony Wayne]]''' (Anti-Administration) 50.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Anthony Wayne]]''' (Anti-Administration) 50.4% |
||
* [[James Jackson (Georgia politician)|James Jackson]] (Anti-Administration) 49.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[James Jackson (Georgia politician)|James Jackson]] (Anti-Administration) 49.5% |
||
* Others 0.2% |
* {{Party stripe|none}}Others 0.2% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 623: | Line 625: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Abraham Baldwin]]''' (Anti-Administration) 56.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Abraham Baldwin]]''' (Anti-Administration) 56.2% |
||
* [[Thomas P. Carnes]] (Anti-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Thomas P. Carnes]] (Anti-Administration) |
||
* [[James Jackson (Georgia politician)|James Jackson]] (Anti-Administration) 1.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[James Jackson (Georgia politician)|James Jackson]] (Anti-Administration) 1.2% |
||
* John Jones 0.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}John Jones 0.3% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 636: | Line 638: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Francis Willis (Representative)|Francis Willis]]''' (Anti-Administration) 66.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Francis Willis (Representative)|Francis Willis]]''' (Anti-Administration) 66.5% |
||
* [[George Mathews (Georgia)|George Mathews]] (Anti-Administration) 33.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Mathews (Georgia)|George Mathews]] (Anti-Administration) 33.5% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 660: | Line 662: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Philip Key (U.S. politician)|Philip Key]]''' (Pro-Administration) 56.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Philip Key (U.S. politician)|Philip Key]]''' (Pro-Administration) 56.8% |
||
* [[Michael J. Stone]] (Anti-Administration) 43.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Michael J. Stone]] (Anti-Administration) 43.2% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 671: | Line 673: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Joshua Seney]]''' (Anti-Administration) 57.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Joshua Seney]]''' (Anti-Administration) 57.1% |
||
* James Tilghman 42.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}James Tilghman 42.9% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 682: | Line 684: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''.<br/>Winner later resigned due to questions of ineligibility due to his residence<ref name="house">{{Cite web | url=http://artandhistory.house.gov/house_history/bioguide-front/2.pdf | title=Second Congress (membership roster) | access-date=March 8, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130306182456/http://artandhistory.house.gov/house_history/bioguide-front/2.pdf | archive-date=March 6, 2013 | url-status=dead }}</ref> and was replaced in [[1791 Maryland's 3rd congressional district special election|a special election]] by [[John Francis Mercer]] (Anti-Administration). |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''.<br/>Winner later resigned due to questions of ineligibility due to his residence<ref name="house">{{Cite web | url=http://artandhistory.house.gov/house_history/bioguide-front/2.pdf | title=Second Congress (membership roster) | access-date=March 8, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130306182456/http://artandhistory.house.gov/house_history/bioguide-front/2.pdf | archive-date=March 6, 2013 | url-status=dead }}</ref> and was replaced in [[1791 Maryland's 3rd congressional district special election|a special election]] by [[John Francis Mercer]] (Anti-Administration). |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[William Pinkney]]''' (Pro-Administration) 61.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Pinkney]]''' (Pro-Administration) 61.6% |
||
* [[Benjamin Contee]] (Anti-Administration) 38.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Benjamin Contee]] (Anti-Administration) 38.4% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 693: | Line 695: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Samuel Sterett]]''' (Anti-Administration) 100% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Samuel Sterett]]''' (Anti-Administration) 100% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 703: | Line 705: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[William Vans Murray]]''' (Pro-Administration) 56.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Vans Murray]]''' (Pro-Administration) 56.4% |
||
* [[George Gale (congressman)|George Gale]] (Pro-Administration) 43.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Gale (congressman)|George Gale]] (Pro-Administration) 43.6% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 714: | Line 716: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Upton Sheredine]]''' (Anti-Administration) 55.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Upton Sheredine]]''' (Anti-Administration) 55.5% |
||
* [[Daniel Carroll]] (Pro-Administration) 44.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Daniel Carroll]] (Pro-Administration) 44.5% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 734: | Line 736: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Fisher Ames]]''' (Pro-Administration) 75.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Fisher Ames]]''' (Pro-Administration) 75.1% |
||
* Benjamin Austin 16.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Benjamin Austin 16.1% |
||
* [[Thomas Dawes]] 8.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Thomas Dawes]] 8.8% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 746: | Line 748: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Benjamin Goodhue]]''' (Pro-Administration) 88.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Benjamin Goodhue]]''' (Pro-Administration) 88.8% |
||
* [[Samuel Holten]] 11.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Samuel Holten]] 11.2% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 757: | Line 759: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Elbridge Gerry]]''' (Anti-Administration) 60.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Elbridge Gerry]]''' (Anti-Administration) 60.4% |
||
* [[Nathaniel Gorham]] 39.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Nathaniel Gorham]] 39.6% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 768: | Line 770: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Theodore Sedgwick]]''' (Pro-Administration) 75.0% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Theodore Sedgwick]]''' (Pro-Administration) 75.0% |
||
* [[Samuel Lyman]] (Pro-Administration) 16.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Samuel Lyman]] (Pro-Administration) 16.3% |
||
* Scattering 8.7% |
* {{Party stripe|none}}Scattering 8.7% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 780: | Line 782: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned August 14, 1790.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned August 14, 1790.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (October 4, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (October 4, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
||
* [[Shearjashub Bourne]] (Pro-Administration) 41.8%<br/>Thomas Davis 37.3%<br/>Joshua Thomas 20.9%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (November 26, 1790)}}''':<br/>{{Plainlist| |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Shearjashub Bourne]] (Pro-Administration) 41.8%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Thomas Davis 37.3%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Joshua Thomas 20.9%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (November 26, 1790)}}''':<br/>{{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Shearjashub Bourne]]''' (Pro-Administration) 65.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Shearjashub Bourne]]''' (Pro-Administration) 65.3% |
||
* Joshua Thomas 27.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Joshua Thomas 27.2% |
||
* Thomas Davis 7.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Thomas Davis 7.5% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 793: | Line 795: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (October 4, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (October 4, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Walter Spooner 25.5% |
|||
Walter Spooner 25.5%<br/>[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 22.6%<br/>[[George Leonard (Congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 22.3%<br/>[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 16.7%<br/>[[David Cobb (Massachusetts)|David Cobb]] 12.9%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (November 26, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 22.6% |
|||
Walter Spooner 24.8%<br/>[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 28.4%<br/>[[George Leonard (Congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 12.5%<br/>[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 25.7%<br/>[[David Cobb (Massachusetts)|David Cobb]] 8.6%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Third ballot (January 25, 1791)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
|||
|
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Leonard (congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 22.3% |
||
|
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 16.7% |
||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[David Cobb (Massachusetts)|David Cobb]] 12.9% |
|||
Walter Spooner 6.6%<br/>[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 42.3%<br/>[[George Leonard (Congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 29.3%<br/>[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 21.8%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Sixth ballot (September 8, 1791)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
|||
* <br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (November 26, 1790)}}''': |
|||
[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 42.2%<br/>[[George Leonard (Congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 41.6%<br/>[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 16.2%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Seventh ballot (November 11, 1791)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Walter Spooner 24.8% |
|||
* [[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 32.0%<br/>[[George Leonard (Congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 45.6%<br/>[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 22.5%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Eighth ballot (December 26, 1791)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
|||
* |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 28.4% |
||
* {{ |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Leonard (congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 12.5% |
||
* [[ |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 25.7% |
||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[David Cobb (Massachusetts politician)|David Cobb]] 8.6% |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
* <br/>'''{{Small|Third ballot (January 25, 1791)}}''': |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Walter Spooner 28.3% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 33.9% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Leonard (congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 8.5% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 24.0% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[David Cobb (Massachusetts politician)|David Cobb]] 5.3% |
|||
* <br/>'''{{Small|Fourth ballot (April 4, 1791)}}''': |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Walter Spooner 38.8% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 38.8% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Leonard (congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 5.3% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 15.7% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[David Cobb (Massachusetts politician)|David Cobb]] 1.5% |
|||
* <br/>'''{{Small|Fifth ballot (July 18, 1791)}}''': |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Walter Spooner 6.6% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 42.3% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Leonard (congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 29.3% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 21.8% |
|||
* <br/>'''{{Small|Sixth ballot (September 8, 1791)}}''': |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 42.2% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Leonard (congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 41.6% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 16.2% |
|||
* <br/>'''{{Small|Seventh ballot (November 11, 1791)}}''': |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 32.0% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Leonard (congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 45.6% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 22.5% |
|||
* <br/>'''{{Small|Eighth ballot (December 26, 1791)}}''': |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 31.6% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Leonard (Congressman)|George Leonard]] (Pro-Administration) 45.0% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 22.2% |
|||
* <br/>'''{{Small|Ninth ballot (April 2, 1792)}}''': |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[George Leonard (congressman)|George Leonard]]''' (Pro-Administration) 55.6% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Phanuel Bishop]] (Anti-Administration) 27.7% |
|||
| ⚫ | * {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Coffin Jr.]] (Pro-Administration) 16.7% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 813: | Line 848: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (October 4, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (October 4, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
||
* [[Jonathan Grout]] (Anti-Administration) 39.1%<br/>[[Artemas Ward]] (Pro-Administration) 39.0%<br/>John Sprague 14.5%<br/>Nathan Tyler 7.4%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (November 26, 1790)}}''':<br/>{{Plainlist| |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Jonathan Grout]] (Anti-Administration) 39.1%<br/>{{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Artemas Ward]] (Pro-Administration) 39.0%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}John Sprague 14.5%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Nathan Tyler 7.4%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (November 26, 1790)}}''':<br/>{{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Artemas Ward]]''' (Pro-Administration) 56.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Artemas Ward]]''' (Pro-Administration) 56.6% |
||
* [[Jonathan Grout]] (Anti-Administration) 43.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Jonathan Grout]] (Anti-Administration) 43.4% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 825: | Line 860: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (October 4, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (October 4, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
||
* [[George Thatcher]] (Pro-Administration) 37.2%<br/>[[William Lithgow (judge)|William Lithgow]] 22.3%<br/>Nathaniel Wells 16.1%<br/>Josiah Thatcher 9.2%<br/>William Martin 4.9%<br/>Arthur Noble 3.6%<br/>Daniel Davis 1.8%<br/>[[Peleg Wadsworth]] (Pro-Administration) 1.5%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (November 26, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Thatcher]] (Pro-Administration) 37.2%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[William Lithgow (judge)|William Lithgow]] 22.3%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Nathaniel Wells 16.1%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Josiah Thatcher 9.2%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}William Martin 4.9%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Arthur Noble 3.6%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Daniel Davis 1.8%<br/>{{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peleg Wadsworth]] (Pro-Administration) 1.5%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (November 26, 1790)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
||
* [[George Thatcher]] (Pro-Administration) 49.8%<br/>Nathaniel Wells 31.0%<br/>[[William Lithgow (judge)|William Lithgow]] 14.8%<br/>Scattering 4.4%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Third ballot (January 25, 1791)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Thatcher]] (Pro-Administration) 49.8%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Nathaniel Wells 31.0%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[William Lithgow (judge)|William Lithgow]] 14.8%<br/>{{Party stripe|none}}Scattering 4.4%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Third ballot (January 25, 1791)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
||
* [[George Thatcher]] (Pro-Administration) 49.1%<br/>[[William Lithgow (judge)|William Lithgow]] 39.7%<br/>Nathaniel Wells 11.2%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Fourth ballot (April 4, 1791)}}''':<br/>{{Plainlist| |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[George Thatcher]] (Pro-Administration) 49.1%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[William Lithgow (judge)|William Lithgow]] 39.7%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Nathaniel Wells 11.2%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Fourth ballot (April 4, 1791)}}''':<br/>{{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[George Thatcher]]''' (Pro-Administration) 52.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[George Thatcher]]''' (Pro-Administration) 52.3% |
||
* [[William Lithgow (judge)|William Lithgow]] 41.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[William Lithgow (judge)|William Lithgow]] 41.1% |
||
* Nathaniel Wells 6.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Nathaniel Wells 6.6% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 847: | Line 882: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
||
| rowspan=3 nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| rowspan=3 nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Samuel Livermore]]''' (Pro-Administration) 25.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Samuel Livermore]]''' (Pro-Administration) 25.1% |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Jeremiah Smith (lawyer)|Jeremiah Smith]]''' (Pro-Administration) 13.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Jeremiah Smith (lawyer)|Jeremiah Smith]]''' (Pro-Administration) 13.1% |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Nicholas Gilman]]''' (Pro-Administration) 11.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Nicholas Gilman]]''' (Pro-Administration) 11.8% |
||
* [[John Samuel Sherburne]] (Anti-Administration) 11.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[John Samuel Sherburne]] (Anti-Administration) 11.1% |
||
* [[Abiel Foster]] (Pro-Administration) 8.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Abiel Foster]] (Pro-Administration) 8.5% |
||
* [[James Sheafe]] (Pro-Administration?) 7.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[James Sheafe]] (Pro-Administration?) 7.8% |
||
* Nathaniel Peabody 7.0% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Nathaniel Peabody 7.0% |
||
* Others 15.5% |
* {{Party stripe|none}}Others 15.5% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 883: | Line 918: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| rowspan=4 nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| rowspan=4 nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Abraham Clark]]''' (Pro-Administration) 19.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Abraham Clark]]''' (Pro-Administration) 19.9% |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Jonathan Dayton]]''' (Pro-Administration) 13.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Jonathan Dayton]]''' (Pro-Administration) 13.8% |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Elias Boudinot]]''' (Pro-Administration) 13.7% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Elias Boudinot]]''' (Pro-Administration) 13.7% |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Aaron Kitchell]]''' (Pro-Administration) 8.8 |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Aaron Kitchell]]''' (Pro-Administration) 8.8% |
||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Lambert Cadwalader]] (Pro-Administration) 7.0% |
|||
| ⚫ | * [[Thomas Henderson (New Jersey politician)|Thomas Henderson]] 3.7% |
||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[James Linn]] 5.5% |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
* [[ |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Thomas Sinnickson (merchant)|Thomas Sinnickson]] (Pro-Administration) 5.1% |
||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Robert Hoops 4.9% |
|||
* John Sheppard 1.9% |
|||
| ⚫ | * {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Thomas Henderson (New Jersey politician)|Thomas Henderson]] 3.7% |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
* [[ |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[John Beatty (Continental Congress)|John Beatty]] (Pro-Administration) 2.3% |
||
* John |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}John Sheppard 1.9% |
||
| ⚫ | |||
* John Hugg 1.1% |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[James Schureman]] (Pro-Administration) 1.5% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}John Harring 1.1% |
|||
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}John Hugg 1.1% |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 933: | Line 972: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''.<br/>Winner died May 24, 1790, before the start of the 2nd Congress. A [[1791 New York's 1st congressional district special election|special election]] was then held, see above. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''.<br/>Winner died May 24, 1790, before the start of the 2nd Congress. A [[1791 New York's 1st congressional district special election|special election]] was then held, see above. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[James Townsend (New York)|James Townsend]]''' (Pro-Administration) 35.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[James Townsend (New York)|James Townsend]]''' (Pro-Administration) 35.5% |
||
* John Vanderbilt (Pro-Administration) 19.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}John Vanderbilt (Pro-Administration) 19.6% |
||
* [[William Floyd]] (Anti-Administration) 19.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[William Floyd]] (Anti-Administration) 19.1% |
||
* [[Thomas Tredwell]] (Anti-Administration) 17.0% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Thomas Tredwell]] (Anti-Administration) 17.0% |
||
* [[Ezra L'Hommedieu]] (Anti-Administration) 8.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Ezra L'Hommedieu]] (Anti-Administration) 8.8% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 947: | Line 986: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Laurance]]''' (Pro-Administration) 98.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Laurance]]''' (Pro-Administration) 98.4% |
||
* [[Melancton Smith]] (Anti-Administration) 1.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Melancton Smith]] (Anti-Administration) 1.6% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 958: | Line 997: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Egbert Benson]]''' (Pro-Administration) 60.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Egbert Benson]]''' (Pro-Administration) 60.8% |
||
* [[Theodorus Bailey (senator)|Theodorus Bailey]] (Anti-Administration) 39.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Theodorus Bailey (senator)|Theodorus Bailey]] (Anti-Administration) 39.2% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 969: | Line 1,008: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Cornelius C. Schoonmaker]]''' (Anti-Administration) 52.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Cornelius C. Schoonmaker]]''' (Anti-Administration) 52.1% |
||
* [[Peter Van Gaasbeck]] (Pro-Administration) 43.7% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peter Van Gaasbeck]] (Pro-Administration) 43.7% |
||
* [[John Hathorn]] (Anti-Administration) 3.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[John Hathorn]] (Anti-Administration) 3.5% |
||
* Christopher Tappen (Anti-Administration) 0.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}Christopher Tappen (Anti-Administration) 0.8% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 982: | Line 1,021: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Peter Silvester (1734–1808)|Peter Silvester]]''' (Pro-Administration) 58.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Peter Silvester (1734–1808)|Peter Silvester]]''' (Pro-Administration) 58.4% |
||
* John Livingston (Anti-Administration) 41.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}John Livingston (Anti-Administration) 41.6% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 993: | Line 1,032: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[James Gordon (New York)|James Gordon]]''' (Pro-Administration) 59.0% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[James Gordon (New York)|James Gordon]]''' (Pro-Administration) 59.0% |
||
* [[Jeremiah Van Rensselaer]] (Anti-Administration) 41.0% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Jeremiah Van Rensselaer]] (Anti-Administration) 41.0% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,002: | Line 1,041: | ||
{{See also|List of United States representatives from North Carolina}} |
{{See also|List of United States representatives from North Carolina}} |
||
North Carolina ratified the Constitution November 21, 1789 and elected its representatives after admission. |
North Carolina ratified the Constitution November 21, 1789, and elected its representatives after admission. |
||
=== 1st Congress === |
=== 1st Congress === |
||
| Line 1,014: | Line 1,053: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Baptista Ashe (Continental Congress)|John B. Ashe]]''' (Anti-Administration) 48.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Baptista Ashe (Continental Congress)|John B. Ashe]]''' (Anti-Administration) 48.9% |
||
* [[Nathaniel Macon]] (Anti-Administration) 41.5% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Nathaniel Macon]] (Anti-Administration) 41.5% |
||
* Stephen Moore 8.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Stephen Moore 8.9% |
||
* Parsons{{Efn|Source does not give first name}} 0.7% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Parsons{{Efn|Source does not give first name}} 0.7% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,025: | Line 1,064: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Hugh Williamson]]''' (Anti-Administration) 73.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Hugh Williamson]]''' (Anti-Administration) 73.9% |
||
* [[Stephen Cabarrus]] 26.0% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Stephen Cabarrus]] 26.0% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,034: | Line 1,073: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner later lost re-election to the next term, see below. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner later lost re-election to the next term, see below. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Timothy Bloodworth]]''' (Anti-Administration) 98.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Timothy Bloodworth]]''' (Anti-Administration) 98.4% |
||
* [[Benjamin Smith (North Carolina)|Benjamin Smith]] 1.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Benjamin Smith (North Carolina)|Benjamin Smith]] 1.6% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,043: | Line 1,082: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Pro-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Pro-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Steele (North Carolina politician)|John Steele]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"|Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data}} |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Steele (North Carolina politician)|John Steele]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"|Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data}} |
||
* Joseph MacDowell |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Joseph MacDowell |
||
* [[Waightstill Avery]] |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Waightstill Avery]] |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,053: | Line 1,092: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Pro-Administration win'''.<br/>District covered areas beyond the [[Appalachian Mountains]] that were ceded to in May 1790 to form the [[Southwest Territory]], but member retained seat for the remainder of term. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | First member elected '''March 24, 1790'''.<br/>'''Pro-Administration win'''.<br/>District covered areas beyond the [[Appalachian Mountains]] that were ceded to in May 1790 to form the [[Southwest Territory]], but member retained seat for the remainder of term. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Sevier]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Sevier]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,072: | Line 1,111: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Steele (North Carolina politician)|John Steele]]''' (Pro-Administration) 87.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Steele (North Carolina politician)|John Steele]]''' (Pro-Administration) 87.3% |
||
* Joseph MacDowell (Anti-Administration) 12.7% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}Joseph MacDowell (Anti-Administration) 12.7% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,081: | Line 1,120: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | New seat<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | New seat<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Nathaniel Macon]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Nathaniel Macon]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
* [[Alexander Mebane]] (Anti-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Alexander Mebane]] (Anti-Administration) |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,092: | Line 1,131: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Baptista Ashe (Continental Congress)|Jonathan B. Ashe]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Baptista Ashe (Continental Congress)|Jonathan B. Ashe]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,102: | Line 1,141: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Hugh Williamson]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|Changed from Pro-Administration to Anti-Administration between the 1st and 2nd Congresses}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Hugh Williamson]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|Changed from Pro-Administration to Anti-Administration between the 1st and 2nd Congresses}} |
||
* [[Charles Johnson (North Carolina)|Charles Johnson]] (Anti-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Charles Johnson (North Carolina)|Charles Johnson]] (Anti-Administration) |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,113: | Line 1,152: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[William Barry Grove|William B. Grove]]''' (Pro-Administration) 65.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Barry Grove|William B. Grove]]''' (Pro-Administration) 65.2% |
||
* [[Timothy Bloodworth]] (Anti-Administration) 34.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Timothy Bloodworth]] (Anti-Administration) 34.6% |
||
* [[Benjamin Smith (North Carolina)|Benjamin Smith]] (Pro-Administration) 0.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Benjamin Smith (North Carolina)|Benjamin Smith]] (Pro-Administration) 0.2% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,133: | Line 1,172: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Fitzsimons]]''' (Pro-Administration) 85.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Fitzsimons]]''' (Pro-Administration) 85.1% |
||
* Charles |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Charles Thomson]] (Anti-Administration) 14.9% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,142: | Line 1,181: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
||
| [[1788 United States House of Representatives election in Pennsylvania|1788]] |
| [[1788 United States House of Representatives election in Pennsylvania|1788]] |
||
|
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| rowspan=3 valign=top | {{Plainlist| |
| rowspan=3 valign=top | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Frederick Muhlenberg]]''' ( |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}} {{Aye}} '''[[Frederick Muhlenberg]]''' (Pro-Administration)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lampi |first1=Philip |title=Pennsylvania 1791 U.S. House of Representatives, District 2 |url=https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/vt150k188 |website=A New Nation Votes |publisher=American Antiquarian Society |access-date=May 22, 2024}}</ref>{{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
* Amos Greg (Anti-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}Amos Greg (Anti-Administration) |
||
* "Dr." Jones |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}"Dr." Jones |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,168: | Line 1,207: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Israel Jacobs]]''' (Pro-Administration) 61.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Israel Jacobs]]''' (Pro-Administration) 61.2% |
||
* [[Peter Muhlenberg]] (Anti-Administration) 38.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Peter Muhlenberg]] (Anti-Administration) 38.8% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,179: | Line 1,218: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Daniel Hiester]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Daniel Hiester]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,187: | Line 1,226: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | New seat.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | New seat.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John W. Kittera]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John W. Kittera]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,195: | Line 1,234: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | New seat.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | New seat.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Andrew Gregg]]''' (Anti-Administration) 51.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Andrew Gregg]]''' (Anti-Administration) 51.2% |
||
* John Allison (Pro-Administration) 18.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}John Allison (Pro-Administration) 18.3% |
||
* James McLean (Anti-Administration) 10.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}James McLean (Anti-Administration) 10.9% |
||
* Thomas Johnston (Pro-Administration) 10.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}Thomas Johnston (Pro-Administration) 10.3% |
||
* [[William Montgomery (Pennsylvania soldier)|William Montgomery]] (Anti-Administration) 9.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[William Montgomery (Pennsylvania soldier)|William Montgomery]] (Anti-Administration) 9.3% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,209: | Line 1,248: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Hartley]]''' (Pro-Administration) 71.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Hartley]]''' (Pro-Administration) 71.1% |
||
* [[William Irvine (physician)|William Irvine]] (Anti-Administration) 28.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[William Irvine (physician)|William Irvine]] (Anti-Administration) 28.9% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,220: | Line 1,259: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[William Findley]]''' (Anti-Administration) 65.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Findley]]''' (Anti-Administration) 65.2% |
||
* [[John Woods (Pennsylvania politician)|John Woods]] (Pro-Administration) 34.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[John Woods (Pennsylvania politician)|John Woods]] (Pro-Administration) 34.8% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,241: | Line 1,280: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | First member elected '''August 31, 1790'''.<br/>'''Pro-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | First member elected '''August 31, 1790'''.<br/>'''Pro-Administration win'''.<br/>Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Benjamin Bourne]]''' (Pro-Administration) 72.7% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Benjamin Bourne]]''' (Pro-Administration) 72.7% |
||
* Job Comstock 23.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Job Comstock 23.2% |
||
* James Sheldon 3.4%{{Efn|name="m1" | Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed}} |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}James Sheldon 3.4%{{Efn|name="m1" | Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,262: | Line 1,301: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Benjamin Bourne]]''' (Pro-Administration) 56.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Benjamin Bourne]]''' (Pro-Administration) 56.6% |
||
* [[Paul Mumford]] 33.0% |
* [[Paul Mumford]] 33.0% |
||
* James Sheldon 10.1% |
* James Sheldon 10.1% |
||
| Line 1,281: | Line 1,320: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[William Loughton Smith|William L. Smith]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Loughton Smith|William L. Smith]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,291: | Line 1,330: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Robert Barnwell]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Robert Barnwell]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,301: | Line 1,340: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Daniel Huger]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Daniel Huger]]''' (Pro-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,311: | Line 1,350: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Sumter]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Sumter]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,321: | Line 1,360: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Tudor Tucker]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Thomas Tudor Tucker]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,338: | Line 1,377: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''. |
||
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (July 13, 1791)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | '''{{Small|First ballot (July 13, 1791)}}''':{{Plainlist| |
||
* [[Matthew Lyon]] (Anti-Administration?) 28.7%<br/>[[Israel Smith]] (Anti-Administration) 24.6%<br/>[[Isaac Tichenor]] (Pro-Administration) 22.7%<br/>[[Samuel Hitchcock]] 18.1%<br/>[[Ira Allen]] 2.3%<br/>Ebenezer Marvin 1.6%<br/>[[Gideon Olin]] 1.3%<br/>Others 0.7%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (September 6, 1791)}}''':<br/>{{Plainlist| |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Matthew Lyon]] (Anti-Administration?) 28.7%<br/>{{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[Israel Smith]] (Anti-Administration) 24.6%<br/>{{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Isaac Tichenor]] (Pro-Administration) 22.7%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Samuel Hitchcock]] 18.1%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Ira Allen]] 2.3%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}Ebenezer Marvin 1.6%<br/>{{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Gideon Olin]] 1.3%<br/>{{Party stripe|none}}Others 0.7%}}<br/>'''{{Small|Second ballot (September 6, 1791)}}''':<br/>{{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Israel Smith]]''' (Anti-Administration) 68.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Israel Smith]]''' (Anti-Administration) 68.4% |
||
* [[Matthew Lyon]] (Anti-Administration?) 29.4% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Matthew Lyon]] (Anti-Administration?) 29.4% |
||
* [[Isaac Tichenor]] 2.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Isaac Tichenor]] 2.2% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,349: | Line 1,388: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | First member elected.<br/>'''Anti-Administration win'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Nathaniel Niles (politician)|Nathaniel Niles]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Nathaniel Niles (politician)|Nathaniel Niles]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
* Stephen Jacob |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Stephen Jacob |
||
* [[Daniel Buck]] (Pro-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}[[Daniel Buck]] (Pro-Administration) |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,368: | Line 1,407: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Alexander White (Virginia)|Alexander White]]''' (Pro-Administration) 93.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Alexander White (Virginia)|Alexander White]]''' (Pro-Administration) 93.3% |
||
* J.P. Duvall 6.7% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}J.P. Duvall 6.7% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! {{Ushr|Virginia|2|X}} |
! {{Ushr|Virginia|2|X}} |
||
| [[John Brown ( |
| [[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
||
| [[1789 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia|1789]] |
| [[1789 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia|1789]] |
||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Brown ( |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
* [[James Markham Marshall|James M. Marshall]] |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[James Markham Marshall|James M. Marshall]] |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,390: | Line 1,429: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Andrew Moore (politician)|Andrew Moore]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Andrew Moore (politician)|Andrew Moore]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,400: | Line 1,439: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Richard Bland Lee I|Richard Bland Lee]]''' (Pro-Administration) 62.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Richard Bland Lee I|Richard Bland Lee]]''' (Pro-Administration) 62.1% |
||
* [[Arthur Lee (diplomat)|Arthur Lee]] 37.9% |
* {{Party stripe|diplomat Party (US)}}[[Arthur Lee (diplomat)|Arthur Lee]] 37.9% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,411: | Line 1,450: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[James Madison]]''' (Anti-Administration) 97.8% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[James Madison]]''' (Anti-Administration) 97.8% |
||
* [[James Monroe]] (Anti-Administration) 2.2% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}[[James Monroe]] (Anti-Administration) 2.2% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,422: | Line 1,461: | ||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New member elected.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Abraham B. Venable]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Abraham B. Venable]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
* Charles Lintch |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Charles Lintch |
||
* Charles Clay |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Charles Clay |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,434: | Line 1,473: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[John Page (Virginia politician)|John Page]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John Page (Virginia politician)|John Page]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
* [[Meriwether Smith]] |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Meriwether Smith]] |
||
* Francis Corbin |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Francis Corbin |
||
* Henry Lee |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Henry Lee |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,447: | Line 1,486: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Josiah Parker]]''' (Anti-Administration) 76.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Josiah Parker]]''' (Anti-Administration) 76.1% |
||
* Isaac Avery 23.9% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Isaac Avery 23.9% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,458: | Line 1,497: | ||
| Incumbent re-elected. |
| Incumbent re-elected. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[William Branch Giles|William B. Giles]]''' (Anti-Administration) 59.3% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[William Branch Giles|William B. Giles]]''' (Anti-Administration) 59.3% |
||
* Thomas Edmonds 40.6% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Thomas Edmonds 40.6% |
||
* John Mason 0.1% |
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}John Mason 0.1% |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,470: | Line 1,509: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent re-elected '''as Anti-Administration'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent re-elected '''as Anti-Administration'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Aye}} '''[[Samuel Griffin]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|and Had been Pro-Administration previous electionwould switch back to Pro-Administration in the next election}}{{Efn|name="nr"}} |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Samuel Griffin]]''' (Anti-Administration){{Efn|and Had been Pro-Administration previous electionwould switch back to Pro-Administration in the next election}}{{Efn|name="nr"}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 1,477: | Line 1,516: | ||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
* [[1790 United States elections]] |
* [[1790 United States elections]] |
||
** [[List of United States House of Representatives elections |
** [[List of United States House of Representatives elections (1789–1822)]] |
||
** [[ |
** [[1790–91 United States Senate elections]] |
||
* [[1st United States Congress]] |
* [[1st United States Congress]] |
||
* [[2nd United States Congress]] |
* [[2nd United States Congress]] |
||
| Line 1,497: | Line 1,536: | ||
* [http://history.house.gov/ Office of the Historian] (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives) |
* [http://history.house.gov/ Office of the Historian] (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives) |
||
{{1790 United States elections}} |
|||
{{United States House of Representatives elections}} |
{{United States House of Representatives elections}} |
||
{{DEFAULTSORT:1790-91 United States House of Representatives elections}} |
|||
[[Category:1790 United States House of Representatives elections| ]] |
[[Category:1790 United States House of Representatives elections| ]] |
||
[[Category:1791 United States House of Representatives elections| ]] |
[[Category:1791 United States House of Representatives elections| ]] |
||
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 67 seats in the United States House of Representatives[b] 34 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Results: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
The 1790–91 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between April 27, 1790, and October 11, 1791. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 2nd United States Congress convened on October 24, 1791. This was the first midterm election cycle, which took place in the middle of President George Washington's first term. The size of the House increased to 67 seats after the new state of Vermont elected its first representatives.
While formal political parties still did not exist, coalitions of pro-Washington (pro-Administration) representatives and anti-Administration representatives each gained two seats as a result of the addition of new states to the union.
Speaker Frederick Muhlenberg was succeeded by Jonathan Trumbull Jr., who became the 2nd Speaker of the House.[1]
Either five or six incumbents did not seek re-election.
Aedanus Burke, a U.S. representative from South Carolina's 2nd congressional district, either retired or lost re-election but it is not known
In this period, each state fixed its own date for congressional general elections, as early as April 27, 1790 (in New York) and as late as October 11, 1791 (in Pennsylvania). Elections to a Congress took place both in the even-numbered year before and in the odd-numbered year when the Congress convened. In some states, the congressional delegation was not elected until after the legal start of the Congress (on the 4th day of March in the odd-numbered year). The first session of this Congress was convened in Philadelphia on October 24, 1791.
Kentucky and Vermont became states during the 2nd Congress, adding two seats each.[2] The legislation admitted Vermont was passed at the end of the 1st Congress taking effect on March 4, 1791, the first day of the 2nd Congress, so that Vermont was represented from the start of the Congress, while Kentucky was unrepresented until the 2nd session.
| State | Type | Date | Total seats |
Pro- Administration |
Anti- Administration | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New York | Districts | April 27–29, 1790 | 6 | 5 |  2 |
1 |  2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New Hampshire | At-large | August 30, 1790 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
0 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Virginia | Districts | September 1, 1790 | 10 | 2 | 1 |
8 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Connecticut | At-large | September 20, 1790 | 5 | 5 | 
|
0 |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maryland | Mixed[c] | October 4, 1790 | 6 | 3 | 1 |
3 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Massachusetts | Districts | October 4, 1790[d] | 8 | 7 | 1 |
1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| South Carolina | Districts | October 12, 1790 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rhode Island | At-large | October 19, 1790 | 1 | 1 |
|
0 |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Delaware | At-large | November 8, 1790 | 1 | 1 |
|
0 |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Georgia | District | January 3, 1791 | 3 | 0 |
|
3 |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New Jersey | At-large | January 26, 1791 | 4 | 4 |
|
0 |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| North Carolina | Districts | January 28, 1791 | 5 | 2 |
|
3 |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Late elections (after the March 4, 1791, beginning of the term) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vermont | Districts | July 13, 1791[e] | 2 | 0 |
|
2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania | Districts | October 11, 1791 | 8 | 4 | 2 |
4 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 67 | 40 59.7% |
3 |
27 40.3% |
1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| A | A | ||||||||
| A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| A | A | A | A | A | A | V | P | P | P |
| Majority → | P | ||||||||
| P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| P | P | ||||||||
| A | A | A | A | ||||||
| A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| A | A | A | A | A | V | P | P | P | P |
| Majority → | P | ||||||||
| P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| P | P | P | P | ||||||
| Key: |
|
|---|
There were special elections in 1790 and 1791 during the 1st United States Congress and 2nd United States Congress. New states and newly ratified states are not included as special elections.
Elections are sorted by date then district.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Virginia 9 | Theodorick Bland | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent died June 1, 1790. New member elected July 1790. Anti-Administration hold. Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
|
| Connecticut at-large | Pierpont Edwards | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Predecessor declined election. New member elected December 16, 1790. Pro-Administration hold. Winner had already been elected to the next term, see below. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New York 1 | Vacant | Representative-elect James Townsend (Pro-Administration) died May 24, 1790. New member elected April 26–28, 1791. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
| Connecticut at-large | Roger Sherman | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent-and-Representative-elect resigned March 31, 1791, to become U.S. Senator. New member elected September 19, 1791. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
| Maryland 3 | William Pinkney | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent resigned. New member elected October 26–29, 1791. Anti-Administration gain. Winner seated February 5, 1792. |
|
Connecticut elected all five of its representatives at-large on a general ticket on September 20, 1790.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Connecticut at-large 5 seats |
Roger Sherman | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. Winner declined to serve and a new member would later be elected in a special election. |
 Y Pierpont Edwards (Pro-Administration) 2,239 votesY James Hillhouse (Pro-Administration) 2,035 votesY Jonathan Sturges (Pro-Administration) 1,730 votesY Jonathan Trumbull Jr. (Pro-Administration) 1,720 votes |
| Benjamin Huntington | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. | ||
| Jonathan Sturges | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Jonathan Trumbull Jr. | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| Jeremiah Wadsworth | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. Winner declined to serve and the incumbent was re-elected in a special election. | ||
There were two subsequent special elections. The first was held to fill the vacancy left by Pierpont Edwards (Pro-Administration) declining to serve and was won by Jeremiah Wadsworth (Pro-Administration). The second was held September 19, 1791, to fill the vacancy left by Roger Sherman (Pro-Administration)'s election to the Senate and was won by Amasa Learned (Pro-Administration).
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[f] | |
| Delaware at-large | John M. Vining | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Georgia switched to a conventional district system for the Second Congress. At the time, the districts were not numbered, but are retroactively renumbered as the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd respectively here.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Georgia 1 "Southern (or Eastern) District" |
James Jackson | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration hold. Election was subsequently challenged, the House determined that electoral fraud had occurred, and the seat was declared void. |
|
| Georgia 2 "Middle District" |
Abraham Baldwin | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Georgia 3 "Northern (or Western) District" |
George Mathews | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration hold. |
|
Kentucky was admitted during the 2nd Congress and elected its first representatives in 1792.
Under Maryland law for the election for the 1st and 2nd Congresses "candidates were elected at-large but had to be residents of a specific district with the statewide vote determining winners from each district."
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Maryland 1 | Michael J. Stone | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
| Maryland 2 | Joshua Seney | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Maryland 3 | Benjamin Contee | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. Winner later resigned due to questions of ineligibility due to his residence[4] and was replaced in a special electionbyJohn Francis Mercer (Anti-Administration). |
|
| Maryland 4 | William Smith | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Administration hold. |
|
| Maryland 5 | George Gale | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
| Maryland 6 | Daniel Carroll | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration gain. |
|
Massachusetts law required a majority for election. This condition was met in four of the eight districts, the remaining four required between 2 and 9 ballots for election.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Massachusetts 1 | Fisher Ames | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 2 | Benjamin Goodhue | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 3 | Elbridge Gerry | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 4 | Theodore Sedgwick | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 5 | George Partridge | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent resigned August 14, 1790. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. |
First ballot (October 4, 1790):
Second ballot (November 26, 1790):
|
| Massachusetts 6 | George Leonard Redistricted from the 7th district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot (October 4, 1790):
Second ballot (November 26, 1790): Third ballot (January 25, 1791): Fourth ballot (April 4, 1791): Fifth ballot (July 18, 1791): Sixth ballot (September 8, 1791): Seventh ballot (November 11, 1791): Eighth ballot (December 26, 1791): Ninth ballot (April 2, 1792): Y George Leonard (Pro-Administration) 55.6% |
| Massachusetts 7 | Jonathan Grout Redistricted from the 8th district |
Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
First ballot (October 4, 1790):
Second ballot (November 26, 1790):
|
| Massachusetts 8 | George Thatcher Redistricted from the 6th district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot (October 4, 1790):
Second ballot (November 26, 1790):
Third ballot (January 25, 1791):
Fourth ballot (April 4, 1791):
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New Hampshire at-large 3 seats on a general ticket |
Abiel Foster | Pro-Administration | 1789 (Special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. |
Y Jeremiah Smith (Pro-Administration) 13.1%Y Nicholas Gilman (Pro-Administration) 11.8% |
| Samuel Livermore | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected as Pro-Administration. | ||
| Nicholas Gilman | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[f] | |
| New Jersey at-large 4 seats on a general ticket |
Elias Boudinot | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Y Jonathan Dayton (Pro-Administration) 13.8%Y Elias Boudinot (Pro-Administration) 13.7%Y Aaron Kitchell (Pro-Administration) 8.8% |
| Lambert Cadwalader | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. | ||
| James Schureman | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. | ||
| Thomas Sinnickson | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration hold. | ||
New York's districts were not numbered at the time, therefore the numbering here is retroactive.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New York 1 | William Floyd | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. Winner died May 24, 1790, before the start of the 2nd Congress. A special election was then held, see above. |
|
| New York 2 | John Laurance | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 3 | Egbert Benson | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 4 | John Hathorn | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Administration hold. |
|
| New York 5 | Peter Silvester | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 6 | Jeremiah Van Rensselaer | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
North Carolina ratified the Constitution November 21, 1789, and elected its representatives after admission.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| North Carolina 1 "Roanoke division" |
State ratified the U.S. Constitution November 21, 1789. | First member elected March 24, 1790. Anti-Administration win. Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| ||
| North Carolina 2 "Edenton and New Bern division" |
State ratified the U.S. Constitution November 21, 1789. | First member elected March 24, 1790. Anti-Administration win. Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| ||
| North Carolina 3 "Cape Fear division" |
State ratified the U.S. Constitution November 21, 1789. | First member elected March 24, 1790. Anti-Administration win. Winner later lost re-election to the next term, see below. |
| ||
| North Carolina 4 "Yadkin division" |
State ratified the U.S. Constitution November 21, 1789. | First member elected March 24, 1790. Pro-Administration win. Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| ||
| North Carolina 5 "Western division" |
State ratified the U.S. Constitution November 21, 1789. | First member elected March 24, 1790. Pro-Administration win. District covered areas beyond the Appalachian Mountains that were ceded to in May 1790 to form the Southwest Territory, but member retained seat for the remainder of term. |
| ||
Due to the cession of North Carolina's trans-Appalachian territory to form the Southwest Territory, the territory of the old 5th district was lost. North Carolina retained the same number of Representatives, and so it redistricted for the Second Congress.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| North Carolina 1 "Yadkin Division" |
John Steele Redistricted from the 4th district |
Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 2 "Centre Division" |
None (District created) | New seat Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
| North Carolina 3 | John Baptista Ashe Redistricted from the 1st district |
Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 4 "Albemarle Division" |
Hugh Williamson Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 5 "Cape Fear Division" |
Timothy Bloodworth Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
Pennsylvania had elected its Representatives at-large in the 1st Congress, but switched to using districts in the 2nd Congress. Five incumbents ran for re-election, four of whom won, while three others retired leaving three open seats. Two districts had no incumbents residing in them, while one (the 8th district) had a single representative who declined to run for re-election and one (the 2nd district) had three incumbents, only one of whom ran for re-election.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[5] | |
| Pennsylvania 1 | Thomas Fitzsimons Redistricted from the at-large district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 2 | Frederick Muhlenberg Redistricted from the at-large district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| George Clymer Redistricted from the at-large district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent retired. Pro-Administration loss. | ||
| Henry Wynkoop Redistricted from the at-large district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent retired. Pro-Administration loss. | ||
| Pennsylvania 3 | Peter Muhlenberg Redistricted from the at-large district |
Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
| Pennsylvania 4 | Daniel Hiester Redistricted from the at-large district |
Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 5 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
| ||
| Pennsylvania 6 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
| Pennsylvania 7 | Thomas Hartley Redistricted from the at-large district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 8 | Thomas Scott Redistricted from the at-large district |
Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Administration gain. |
|
Rhode Island ratified the Constitution May 29, 1790. It elected its representatives after admission.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Rhode Island at-large | State ratified the U.S. Constitution May 29, 1790. | First member elected August 31, 1790. Pro-Administration win. Winner was later elected to the next term, see below. |
| ||
Rhode Island held elections for the 2nd Congress on October 18, 1790, about six weeks after elections for the 1st Congress due to the state's late ratification of the Constitution.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Rhode Island at-large | Benjamin Bourne | Pro-Administration | August 1790 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| South Carolina 1 "Charleston Division" |
William L. Smith | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 2 "Beaufort Division" |
Aedanus Burke | Anti-Administration | 1788 | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New member elected. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
| South Carolina 3 "Georgetown Division" |
Daniel Huger | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 4 "Camden Division" |
Thomas Sumter | Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 5 "Ninety-Six Division" |
Thomas Tudor Tucker | Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont was admitted at the end of the First Congress, with the admission taking effect at the start of the Second Congress. Vermont was entitled to elect two representatives. Vermont law at the time required a majority to win an office. In the 1st district, no candidate won a majority, necessitating a run-off.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[f] | |
| Vermont 1 "Western Division" |
New state admitted. | First member elected. Anti-Administration win. |
First ballot (July 13, 1791):
Second ballot (September 6, 1791):
| ||
| Vermont 2 "Eastern Division" |
New state admitted. | First member elected. Anti-Administration win. |
| ||
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Virginia 1 | Alexander White | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 2 | John Brown | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 3 | Andrew Moore | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 4 | Richard Bland Lee | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 5 | James Madison | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 6 | Isaac Coles | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Administration hold. |
|
| Virginia 7 | John Page | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 8 | Josiah Parker | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 9 | William B. Giles | Anti-Administration | 1790 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 10 | Samuel Griffin | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected as Anti-Administration. |
|
