Content that violates any copyrights will be deleted. Encyclopedic content must be verifiable through citations to reliable sources.
You are about to undo an edit. Please check the comparison below to verify that this is what you want to do, then publish the changes below to finish undoing the edit. If you are undoing an edit that is not vandalism, explain the reason in the edit summary. Do not use the default message only. |
| Latest revision | Your text | ||
| Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
The wild ancestor of cultivated adzuki bean is probably ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''nipponensis'',<ref name="Yamaguchi">{{cite journal |last=Yamaguchi |first=Hirofumi |date=1992 |title=Wild and Weed Azuki Beans in Japan |journal= [[Economic Botany]] |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=384–394 |doi=10.1007/bf02866509|s2cid=22975059 }}</ref> which is distributed across East Asia.<ref name="Kaga"/> [[Speciation]] between ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''nipponensis'' and ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''angularis'' occurred around {{formatnum:50000}} years ago.<ref name="Kang">{{cite journal |last=Kang |first=Yang Jae |date=2015 |title=Draft sequence of adzuki bean, ''Vigna angularis'' |journal= Scientific Reports |volume=5 |issue=8069 |pages=8069 |doi=10.1038/srep08069 |pmid=25626881 |pmc=5389050 }}</ref> Archaeologists estimate it was domesticated around 3000 BC.<ref name="Lee">{{cite journal |last=Lee |first=Gyoung-Ah |date=2012 |title=Archaeological perspectives on the origins of azuki (''Vigna angularis'') |journal= [[The Holocene]] |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=453–459 |doi=10.1177/0959683612460788|s2cid=130903554 }}</ref> However, adzuki beans (as well as soybeans) dating from 3000 BC to 2000 BC are indicated to still be largely within the wild size range. Enlarged seeds occurred during the later [[Bronze Age]] or [[Iron Age]], periods with plough use.<ref name="Fuller">{{cite journal |last= Fuller|first=Dorian Q|date=2007 |title=Contrasting Patterns in Crop Domestication and Domestication Rates: Recent Archaeobotanical Insights from the Old World |journal= [[Annals of Botany]] |volume=100 |issue=5|pages= 903–924|doi=10.1093/aob/mcm048|pmid=17495986|pmc=2759199}}</ref> [[Domestication]] of adzuki beans resulted in a trade-off between yield and seed size. Cultivated adzuki beans have fewer but longer pods, fewer but larger seeds, a shorter stature, and also a smaller overall seed yield than wild forms.<ref name="Kaga"/> The exact place of domestication is not known;<ref name="Yamaguchi"/> multiple domestication origins in East Asia have been suggested.<ref name="Lee"/> |
The wild ancestor of cultivated adzuki bean is probably ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''nipponensis'',<ref name="Yamaguchi">{{cite journal |last=Yamaguchi |first=Hirofumi |date=1992 |title=Wild and Weed Azuki Beans in Japan |journal= [[Economic Botany]] |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=384–394 |doi=10.1007/bf02866509|s2cid=22975059 }}</ref> which is distributed across East Asia.<ref name="Kaga"/> [[Speciation]] between ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''nipponensis'' and ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''angularis'' occurred around {{formatnum:50000}} years ago.<ref name="Kang">{{cite journal |last=Kang |first=Yang Jae |date=2015 |title=Draft sequence of adzuki bean, ''Vigna angularis'' |journal= Scientific Reports |volume=5 |issue=8069 |pages=8069 |doi=10.1038/srep08069 |pmid=25626881 |pmc=5389050 }}</ref> Archaeologists estimate it was domesticated around 3000 BC.<ref name="Lee">{{cite journal |last=Lee |first=Gyoung-Ah |date=2012 |title=Archaeological perspectives on the origins of azuki (''Vigna angularis'') |journal= [[The Holocene]] |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=453–459 |doi=10.1177/0959683612460788|s2cid=130903554 }}</ref> However, adzuki beans (as well as soybeans) dating from 3000 BC to 2000 BC are indicated to still be largely within the wild size range. Enlarged seeds occurred during the later [[Bronze Age]] or [[Iron Age]], periods with plough use.<ref name="Fuller">{{cite journal |last= Fuller|first=Dorian Q|date=2007 |title=Contrasting Patterns in Crop Domestication and Domestication Rates: Recent Archaeobotanical Insights from the Old World |journal= [[Annals of Botany]] |volume=100 |issue=5|pages= 903–924|doi=10.1093/aob/mcm048|pmid=17495986|pmc=2759199}}</ref> [[Domestication]] of adzuki beans resulted in a trade-off between yield and seed size. Cultivated adzuki beans have fewer but longer pods, fewer but larger seeds, a shorter stature, and also a smaller overall seed yield than wild forms.<ref name="Kaga"/> The exact place of domestication is not known;<ref name="Yamaguchi"/> multiple domestication origins in East Asia have been suggested.<ref name="Lee"/> |
||
Seed remains of Adzuki beans discovered at the Central Highlands of Japan were dated to c. 6,000–4,000 BP, and represent the to date oldest evidence for its cultivation, supporting an origin in Japan. Evidence suggests that "wild azuki bean have been domesticated and cultivated in Japan for over 10,000 years".<ref>{{Cite journal | |
Seed remains of Adzuki beans discovered at the Central Highlands of Japan were dated to c. 6,000–4,000 BP, and represent the to date oldest evidence for its cultivation, supporting an origin in Japan. Evidence suggests that "wild azuki bean have been domesticated and cultivated in Japan for over 10,000 years".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Takahashi |first=Yu |last2=Nasu |first2=Hiroo |last3=Nakayama |first3=Seiji |last4=Tomooka |first4=Norihiko |date=2023 |title=Domestication of azuki bean and soybean in Japan: From the insight of archeological and molecular evidence |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsbbs/73/2/73_22074/_html/-char/en |journal=Breeding Science |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=117–131 |doi=10.1270/jsbbs.22074|pmc=10316305 }}</ref> |
||
===Breeding=== |
===Breeding=== |
||
Copy and paste: – — ° ′ ″ ≈ ≠ ≤ ≥ ± − × ÷ ← → · § Cite your sources: <ref></ref>
{{}} {{{}}} | [] [[]] [[Category:]] #REDIRECT [[]] <s></s> <sup></sup> <sub></sub> <code></code> <pre></pre> <blockquote></blockquote> <ref></ref> <ref name="" /> {{Reflist}} <references /> <includeonly></includeonly> <noinclude></noinclude> {{DEFAULTSORT:}} <nowiki></nowiki> <!-- --> <span class="plainlinks"></span>
Symbols: ~ | ¡ ¿ † ‡ ↔ ↑ ↓ • ¶ # ∞ ‹› «» ¤ ₳ ฿ ₵ ¢ ₡ ₢ $ ₫ ₯ € ₠ ₣ ƒ ₴ ₭ ₤ ℳ ₥ ₦ № ₧ ₰ £ ៛ ₨ ₪ ৳ ₮ ₩ ¥ ♠ ♣ ♥ ♦ 𝄫 ♭ ♮ ♯ 𝄪 © ® ™
Latin: A a Á á À à  â Ä ä Ǎ ǎ Ă ă Ā ā à ã Å å Ą ą Æ æ Ǣ ǣ B b C c Ć ć Ċ ċ Ĉ ĉ Č č Ç ç D d Ď ď Đ đ Ḍ ḍ Ð ð E e É é È è Ė ė Ê ê Ë ë Ě ě Ĕ ĕ Ē ē Ẽ ẽ Ę ę Ẹ ẹ Ɛ ɛ Ǝ ǝ Ə ə F f G g Ġ ġ Ĝ ĝ Ğ ğ Ģ ģ H h Ĥ ĥ Ħ ħ Ḥ ḥ I i İ ı Í í Ì ì Î î Ï ï Ǐ ǐ Ĭ ĭ Ī ī Ĩ ĩ Į į Ị ị J j Ĵ ĵ K k Ķ ķ L l Ĺ ĺ Ŀ ŀ Ľ ľ Ļ ļ Ł ł Ḷ ḷ Ḹ ḹ M m Ṃ ṃ N n Ń ń Ň ň Ñ ñ Ņ ņ Ṇ ṇ Ŋ ŋ O o Ó ó Ò ò Ô ô Ö ö Ǒ ǒ Ŏ ŏ Ō ō Õ õ Ǫ ǫ Ọ ọ Ő ő Ø ø Œ œ Ɔ ɔ P p Q q R r Ŕ ŕ Ř ř Ŗ ŗ Ṛ ṛ Ṝ ṝ S s Ś ś Ŝ ŝ Š š Ş ş Ș ș Ṣ ṣ ß T t Ť ť Ţ ţ Ț ț Ṭ ṭ Þ þ U u Ú ú Ù ù Û û Ü ü Ǔ ǔ Ŭ ŭ Ū ū Ũ ũ Ů ů Ų ų Ụ ụ Ű ű Ǘ ǘ Ǜ ǜ Ǚ ǚ Ǖ ǖ V v W w Ŵ ŵ X x Y y Ý ý Ŷ ŷ Ÿ ÿ Ỹ ỹ Ȳ ȳ Z z Ź ź Ż ż Ž ž ß Ð ð Þ þ Ŋ ŋ Ə ə
Greek: Ά ά Έ έ Ή ή Ί ί Ό ό Ύ ύ Ώ ώ Α α Β β Γ γ Δ δ Ε ε Ζ ζ Η η Θ θ Ι ι Κ κ Λ λ Μ μ Ν ν Ξ ξ Ο ο Π π Ρ ρ Σ σ ς Τ τ Υ υ Φ φ Χ χ Ψ ψ Ω ω {{Polytonic|}}
Cyrillic: А а Б б В в Г г Ґ ґ Ѓ ѓ Д д Ђ ђ Е е Ё ё Є є Ж ж З з Ѕ ѕ И и І і Ї ї Й й Ј ј К к Ќ ќ Л л Љ љ М м Н н Њ њ О о П п Р р С с Т т Ћ ћ У у Ў ў Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ч ч Џ џ Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ю ю Я я ́
IPA: t̪ d̪ ʈ ɖ ɟ ɡ ɢ ʡ ʔ ɸ β θ ð ʃ ʒ ɕ ʑ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ ɦ ɱ ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ ʋ ɹ ɻ ɰ ʙ ⱱ ʀ ɾ ɽ ɫ ɬ ɮ ɺ ɭ ʎ ʟ ɥ ʍ ɧ ʼ ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ ɨ ʉ ɯ ɪ ʏ ʊ ø ɘ ɵ ɤ ə ɚ ɛ œ ɜ ɝ ɞ ʌ ɔ æ ɐ ɶ ɑ ɒ ʰ ʱ ʷ ʲ ˠ ˤ ⁿ ˡ ˈ ˌ ː ˑ ̪ {{IPA|}}
Wikidata entities used in this page
Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):
This page is a member of 16 hidden categories (help):
