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{{italic title}} |
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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}} |
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{{taxobox |
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{{Speciesbox |
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|image = Amaranthus tricolor6.jpg |
|image = Amaranthus tricolor6.jpg |
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|image_caption = |
|image_caption = ''Amaranthus tricolor'' |
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|regnum = [[Plant]]ae |
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|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]] |
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|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]] |
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|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]] |
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|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]] |
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|familia = [[Amaranthaceae]] |
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|synonyms = |
|synonyms = |
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{{collapsible list | |
{{collapsible list | |
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* ''Amaranthus lividus'' Roxb. nom. illeg. |
* ''Amaranthus lividus'' Roxb. nom. illeg. |
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* ''Amaranthus mangostanus'' Blanco |
* ''Amaranthus mangostanus'' Blanco |
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* ''Amaranthus melancholicus'' <small>L.</small><ref>{{ |
* ''Amaranthus melancholicus'' <small>L.</small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?409117|accessdate=2013-08-14 |
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|date=2003-02-04|title=''Amaranthus melancholicus'' information from NPGS/GRIN|publisher=United States Department of Agriculture|author=John H. Wiersema}}</ref> |
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* ''Amaranthus oleraceus'' Roxb. |
* ''Amaranthus oleraceus'' Roxb. |
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* ''Amaranthus polygamus'' Roxb. |
* ''Amaranthus polygamus'' Roxb. |
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|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-2633132|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species}}</ref> |
| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-2633132|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species}}</ref> |
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}} |
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| ⚫ | '''''Amaranthus tricolor'''''isan [[ornamental plant]] known as '''tampala''', '''tandaljo''' or '''tandalja bhaji''' in India,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Amaranthus.html|author= Michel H. Porcher|title=Sorting ''Amaranthus'' names}}</ref> '''[[callaloo]]''' in the [[Caribbean]] and '''Joseph's coat''' after the Biblical figure [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]], who is said to have worn a coat of many colors. Although it is native to South America, many varieties of [[amaranth]] can be found across the world in a myriadof different climates due to it being a [[C4 carbon fixation]] plant, which allows it to convert [[carbon dioxide]] into [[biomass]] at an extremely efficient rate when compared to other plants. Cultivars have striking yellow, red and green foliage. |
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'''''Amaranthus tricolor''''', known as '''edible amaranth''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf |title=English Names for Korean Native Plants |publisher=[[Korea National Arboretum]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-89-97450-98-5 |location=Pocheon |pages=349 |access-date=6 December 2016 |via=[[Korea Forest Service]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525105020/http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017 }}</ref> is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''[[Amaranthus]]'', part of the family [[Amaranthaceae]]. |
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| ⚫ | The leaves may be eaten as a [[salad vegetable]] as well as the stems. In Africa, it is usually cooked as a leafy vegetable.<ref name="prota">Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (2004) Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables. PROTA Foundation, Wageningen; Backhuys, Leiden; CTA, Wageningen.</ref> It is usually steamed as a side dish in both China and Japan. |
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| ⚫ | It appears on the [[coat of arms]] of [[Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge]] where it is called "flowers gentle". |
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== Culinary uses == |
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[[File:Leiden University Library - Seikei Zusetsu vol. 23, page 024 - 人莧, 赤莧 - Amaranthus tricolor L. - 蕹菜, 番杏 - Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. - Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pall.) Kuntze, 1804.jpg|thumb|Amaranthus tricolor, illustration from the Japanese agricultural encyclopedia Seikei Zusetsu (1804)]] |
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The leaves |
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==''Amaranthus gangeticus''== |
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=== China === |
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| ⚫ | ''Amaranthus gangeticus'' is considered a synonym of ''A. tricolor'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-2632844 |title=''Amaranthus gangeticus'' L. |year=2010 |work=The Plant List |publisher= |accessdate=9 March 2013}}</ref> but has been recognized as a separate species in the past. ''Amaranthus gangeticus'' is also known as elephant-head amaranth. It is an annual [[flowering plant]] with deep purple flowers. It can grow from 2–3 feet in height. In [[Bangladesh]], it has been used as a leafy [[vegetable]]. Scientific study suggests that it may inhibit [[calcium]] retention in rice-based diets.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Larsen | first1 = T. | last2 = Thilsted | first2 = S. H. | last3 = Biswas | first3 = S. K. | last4 = Tetens | first4 = I. | title = The leafy vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus) is a potent inhibitor of calcium availability and retention in rice-based diets | doi = 10.1079/BJN2003923 | journal = British Journal of Nutrition | volume = 90 | issue = 3 | pages = 521–527 | year = 2007 | pmid = 13129457| pmc = }}</ref> |
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In [[China]], it is referred to as {{transl|zh|ISO|xiàncài}} ({{zh|t=[[wikt:莧菜|莧菜]]|s=[[wikt:苋菜|苋菜]]}}) and is often stir-fried with garlic and salt.{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} |
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{{commons}} |
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=== Korea === |
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{{Wikispecies}} |
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In [[Korea]], the plant is referred to as ''bireum'' ({{lang|ko|비름}}). Small-leaved, reddish-stalked ''chambireum'' ({{lang|ko|참비름}}, "true ''bireum''") is used as a ''[[namul]]'' vegetable in [[Korean cuisine]]. Considered a ''[[san-namul]]'' (wild green) that grows abundantly in the countryside, it tends to be foraged rather than planted and harvested.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://korea.stripes.com/news/10-korean-spring-greens-you-should-know|title=10 Korean spring greens you should know|last=Bburi Kitchen|date=20 April 2016|newspaper=Stripes Korea|access-date=15 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220223708/http://korea.stripes.com/news/10-korean-spring-greens-you-should-know|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> It has an earthy and nutty flavor, and goes well with both [[gochujang]]- and [[soup soy sauce]]-based seasonings, and ''bori-[[bap (food)|bap]]'' (barley rice).<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kado.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=613963|title=박정희와 비름나물|last=정|first=운헌|date=6 March 2013|newspaper=Kangwon Dominilbo|language=ko|trans-title=Park Chung-hee and bireumnamul|access-date=15 December 2016}}</ref><gallery> |
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File:Bireum-namul.jpg|''Bireum-[[namul]]'' (seasoned edible amaranth) |
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File:Amaranth(Edibles) Flower.jpg|Amaranth(Edibles) Flower |
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</gallery> |
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== In culture == |
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It appears on the [[coat of arms]] of [[Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge]] |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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== |
==External links== |
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| ⚫ | *[http://database.prota.org/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll?AC=QBE_QUERY&BU=http%3A%2F%2Fdatabase.prota.org%2Fsearch.htm&TN=PROTAB~1&QB0=AND&QF0=Species+Code&QI0=Amaranthus+tricolor&RF=Webdisplay PROTAbase on ''Amaranthus tricolor''] |
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{{Commons}} |
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*{{eol|597119}} |
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| ⚫ | *[http://libproject.hkbu.edu.hk/was40/detail?lang=en&channelid=1288&searchword=herb_id=D00738 Amaranthus tricolor L.] Medicinal Plant Images Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University) {{zh-hant}} {{en icon}} |
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* {{EOL|597119}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q3242205}} |
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[[Category:Amaranthus|tricolor]] |
[[Category:Amaranthus|tricolor]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in 1753]] |
[[Category:Plants described in 1753]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]] |
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[[Category:Korean vegetables]] |
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{{Amaranthaceae-stub}} |
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[[Category:Namul]] |
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[[Category:Flora of Malta]] |
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