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[[Image:Dithering example red blue.svg|frame|left|An illustration of dithering. Red and blue are the only colors used but, as the red and blue squares are made smaller, the patch appears magenta.]] |
[[Image:Dithering example red blue.svg|frame|left|An illustration of dithering. Red and blue are the only colors used but, as the red and blue squares are made smaller, the patch appears magenta.]] |
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[[Image:256colortestthing.png|thumb|right|256 color dithering with [[IrfanView]]]] |
[[Image:256colortestthing.png|thumb|right|256 color dithering with [[IrfanView]]]] |
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Dithering is used in [[computer graphics]] to create the illusion of [[color depth]] in images on systems with a limited [[palette (computing)|color palette]]. In a dithered image, colors that are not available in the palette are approximated by a diffusion of colored [[pixel]]s from within the available palette.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dithering for Pixel Artists |
Dithering is used in [[computer graphics]] to create the illusion of [[color depth]] in images on systems with a limited [[palette (computing)|color palette]]. In a dithered image, colors that are not available in the palette are approximated by a diffusion of colored [[pixel]]s from within the available palette.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dithering for Pixel Artists |url=https://pixelparmesan.com/dithering-for-pixel-artists/}}</ref> The human eye perceives the diffusion as a mixture of the colors within it (see [[color vision]]). Dithered images, particularly those using palettes with relatively few colors, can often be distinguished by a characteristic graininess or speckled appearance. |
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Dithering introduces noise or a pattern into an image, and often the patterning is visible. In these circumstances, it has been shown that dither generated from [[blue noise]] is the least unsightly and distracting.<ref name=dithernoise>{{cite web |
Dithering introduces noise or a pattern into an image, and often the patterning is visible. In these circumstances, it has been shown that dither generated from [[blue noise]] is the least unsightly and distracting.<ref name=dithernoise>{{cite web |
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* ''Dithering methods based on physical models'': |
* ''Dithering methods based on physical models'': |
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** [[Lattice-Boltzmann Dithering]] is based on [[Lattice Boltzmann methods]] and was developed to provide a [[Rotational invariance|rotationally invariant]] alternative to Error-diffusion dithering <ref name="HagenburgBreußVogel2009">{{cite book | title = Advances in Visual Computing | last1 = Hagenburg | first1 = Kai | last2 = Breuß | first2 = Michael | last3 = Vogel | first3 = Oliver | last4 = Weickert | first4 = Joachim | last5 = Welk | first5 = Martin | chapter = A Lattice Boltzmann Model for Rotationally Invariant Dithering |
** [[Lattice-Boltzmann Dithering]] is based on [[Lattice Boltzmann methods]] and was developed to provide a [[Rotational invariance|rotationally invariant]] alternative to Error-diffusion dithering <ref name="HagenburgBreußVogel2009">{{cite book | title = Advances in Visual Computing | last1 = Hagenburg | first1 = Kai | last2 = Breuß | first2 = Michael | last3 = Vogel | first3 = Oliver | last4 = Weickert | first4 = Joachim | last5 = Welk | first5 = Martin | chapter = A Lattice Boltzmann Model for Rotationally Invariant Dithering | date = 2009 | pages = 949–959 | publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg | issn = 0302-9743 | eissn = 1611-3349 | doi = 10.1007/978-3-642-10520-3_91 | url =https://www.mia.uni-saarland.de/Publications/hagenburg-isvc09.pdf}}</ref> |
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** [[Electrostatic Halftoning]] is modeled after the principles of [[Electrostatics]], which has a low approximation error and creates few visual artifacts<ref name="SchmaltzGwosdekBruhn2010">{{cite journal | last1 = Schmaltz | first1 = Christian | last2 = Gwosdek | first2 = Pascal | last3 = Bruhn | first3 = Andrés | last4 = Weickert | first4 = Joachim | title = Electrostatic Halftoning | journal = Computer Graphics Forum | date = 10 November 2010 | volume = 29 | issue = 8 | pages = 2313–2327 | issn = 0167-7055 | doi = 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2010.01716.x | pmid = |
** [[Electrostatic Halftoning]] is modeled after the principles of [[Electrostatics]], which has a low approximation error and creates few visual artifacts<ref name="SchmaltzGwosdekBruhn2010">{{cite journal | last1 = Schmaltz | first1 = Christian | last2 = Gwosdek | first2 = Pascal | last3 = Bruhn | first3 = Andrés | last4 = Weickert | first4 = Joachim | title = Electrostatic Halftoning | journal = Computer Graphics Forum | date = 10 November 2010 | volume = 29 | issue = 8 | pages = 2313–2327 | issn = 0167-7055 | doi = 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2010.01716.x | pmid = | url = }}</ref> |
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