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=== British Empire === |
=== British Empire === |
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{{main|Opium Wars}} |
{{main|Opium Wars}} |
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[[File:Portrait of Lin Zexu.jpeg|thumb|[[Lin Zexu]], chinese pioneer against the British drug trade ]].In the 18th century, the demand for [[ |
[[File:Portrait of Lin Zexu.jpeg|thumb|[[Lin Zexu]], chinese pioneer against the British drug trade ]].In the 18th century, the demand for [[Chinese]] luxury goods (particularly [[silk]], [[porcelain]], and [[tea]]) created a trade imbalance between China and the [[British Empire]], as the british couldn't produce anything of value to the Chinese market. Thus, british silver flowed into China through the [[Canton System]], which confined incoming foreign trade to the southern port city of [[Guangzhou]]. To counter this imbalance, the [[British East India Company]] began to grow opium in [[Bengal]] and allowed private British merchants to sell opium to Chinese smugglers for illegal sale in China. This influx of narcotics reversed the Chinese trade surplus, drained the economy of silver, and increased the numbers of opium addicts inside the country, outcomes that seriously worried Chinese officials, which appointed [[Lin Zexu]] to fight the illegal traffic. |
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The actions of Zexu offended the British, which imposed a war, the [[First Opium War]] against China between 1839 and 1842, further humilliating the country and forcing it to open its ports to the drug trade, and ruined the career of Zexu. The British also kept [[Hong Kong]] as a prize from China, to further develop their dependency. |
The actions of Zexu offended the British, which imposed a war, the [[First Opium War]] against China between 1839 and 1842, further humilliating the country and forcing it to open its ports to the drug trade, and ruined the career of Zexu. The British also kept [[Hong Kong]] as a prize from China, to further develop their dependency. |
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Greek: Ά ά Έ έ Ή ή Ί ί Ό ό Ύ ύ Ώ ώ Α α Β β Γ γ Δ δ Ε ε Ζ ζ Η η Θ θ Ι ι Κ κ Λ λ Μ μ Ν ν Ξ ξ Ο ο Π π Ρ ρ Σ σ ς Τ τ Υ υ Φ φ Χ χ Ψ ψ Ω ω {{Polytonic|}}
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