Tag: Reverted
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Not this again. Long story short, the idea that Gagarin's flight somehow doesn't count is a WP:FRINGE view that is not appropriate to include here even to dismiss it.
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| colspan="5" style="background:#ffdead; text-align:center;"| 1960s |
| colspan="5" style="background:#ffdead; text-align:center;"| 1960s |
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|'''1'''||'''{{flag|Soviet Union|1955}}{{efn|name=SovietUnion1 |
|'''1'''||'''{{flag|Soviet Union|1955}}{{efn|name=SovietUnion1}}'''||[[Yuri Gagarin]]||{{flagicon|Soviet Union|1955}} [[Vostok 1]]||12 April 1961 |
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||'''2'''|||'''{{flag|United States}}{{efn|name=UnitedStates}}'''||[[Alan Shepard]] ||{{flagicon|United States}} [[Mercury-Redstone 3|MR-3]]||5 May 1961 |
||'''2'''|||'''{{flag|United States}}{{efn|name=UnitedStates}}'''||[[Alan Shepard]] ||{{flagicon|United States}} [[Mercury-Redstone 3|MR-3]]||5 May 1961 |
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{{notelist| |
{{notelist| |
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{{efn|name=SovietUnion1|The first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, held [[citizenship]] in both the [[Soviet Union]] and the [[Russian SFSR]], according to the applicable provisions of the [[Constitution of the Soviet Union]]. On 26 December 1991, the Soviet Union dissolved, and was replaced by [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Belarus]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[Moldova]], [[Russia]], [[Tajikistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Ukraine]], and [[Uzbekistan]]; [[Estonia]], [[Latvia]] and [[Lithuania]] restored their independence. At the time of the dissolution, [[Sergei Krikalev]] and [[Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (cosmonaut)|Alexander Volkov]] were orbiting [[Earth]] on [[Mir]], having been launched into orbit as [[Soviet people|Soviet citizens]], and having returned to the Earth as [[Russian citizenship|Russian citizens]]. Aleksandr Kaleri and Aleksandr Viktorenko were the first Russians to be launched into orbit as Russian citizens only, their launch having occurred subsequent to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.}} |
{{efn|name=SovietUnion1|The first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, held [[citizenship]] in both the [[Soviet Union]] and the [[Russian SFSR]], according to the applicable provisions of the [[Constitution of the Soviet Union]]. On 26 December 1991, the Soviet Union dissolved, and was replaced by [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Belarus]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[Moldova]], [[Russia]], [[Tajikistan]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Ukraine]], and [[Uzbekistan]]; [[Estonia]], [[Latvia]] and [[Lithuania]] restored their independence. At the time of the dissolution, [[Sergei Krikalev]] and [[Alexander Alexandrovich Volkov (cosmonaut)|Alexander Volkov]] were orbiting [[Earth]] on [[Mir]], having been launched into orbit as [[Soviet people|Soviet citizens]], and having returned to the Earth as [[Russian citizenship|Russian citizens]]. Aleksandr Kaleri and Aleksandr Viktorenko were the first Russians to be launched into orbit as Russian citizens only, their launch having occurred subsequent to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.}} |
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{{efn|name=SovietUnion2|Under [[Fédération Aéronautique Internationale]] rules, the Vostok missions are not deemed true spaceflights, as cosmonauts did not land with the spacecraft (they ejected from the spacecraft and landed separately). The first Soviet mission that did fulfill this requirement was [[Voskhod 1]]. ({{cite web | title=FAI Astronautic Records Commission – Sporting Code Section 8 | work=Fédération Aéronautique Internationale | url=http://www.fai.org/sporting_code/sc08.pdf | access-date=2006-04-09 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060526002647/http://www.fai.org/sporting_code/sc08.pdf | archive-date=2006-05-26 }}) However, despite this issue, the FAI does recognize [[Yuri Gagarin]] as the first person to complete a spaceflight. ({{cite web | title=FAI Award: The Yuri A. Gagarin Gold Medal | work=Fédération Aéronautique Internationale | url=http://www.fai.org/awards/award.asp?id=9 | access-date=2007-10-10 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013163823/http://www.fai.org/awards/award.asp?id=9 | archive-date=2007-10-13 }})}} |
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{{efn|name=UnitedStates|Shepard's spaceflight was suborbital. The first [[United States|American]] to be launched into Earth orbit was [[John Glenn]], on 20 February 1962.}} |
{{efn|name=UnitedStates|Shepard's spaceflight was suborbital. The first [[United States|American]] to be launched into Earth orbit was [[John Glenn]], on 20 February 1962.}} |
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{{efn|name=Czechoslovakia|In 1993, [[Czechoslovakia]] dissolved and was replaced by the [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]].}} |
{{efn|name=Czechoslovakia|In 1993, [[Czechoslovakia]] dissolved and was replaced by the [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovakia]].}} |
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{{efn|name=Germany|In 1978, both Jähn himself and the [[German Democratic Republic]] pronounced him the "first [[Germans|German]] in space", rather than the first "citizen of the German Democratic Republic in space". In 1990, the states of the former East Germany acceded to the [[West Germany|Federal Republic of Germany]]. On 22 January 1992, Ulf Merbold again traveled into space, now representing the [[German reunification|reunited Germany within the Federal Republic of Germany]]. Jähn is, nevertheless, still considered the first German in space, even in the states of the Federal Republic of Germany that comprised the former West Germany.}} |
{{efn|name=Germany|In 1978, both Jähn himself and the [[German Democratic Republic]] pronounced him the "first [[Germans|German]] in space", rather than the first "citizen of the German Democratic Republic in space". In 1990, the states of the former East Germany acceded to the [[West Germany|Federal Republic of Germany]]. On 22 January 1992, Ulf Merbold again traveled into space, now representing the [[German reunification|reunited Germany within the Federal Republic of Germany]]. Jähn is, nevertheless, still considered the first German in space, even in the states of the Federal Republic of Germany that comprised the former West Germany.}} |
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{{efn|name=SpaceTourists|This person flew as a commercial, non-governmental space traveller. Apart from Akiyama and Sharman, these space travellers are known as [[space tourist]]s.}} |
{{efn|name=SpaceTourists|This person flew as a commercial, non-governmental space traveller. Apart from Akiyama and Sharman, these space travellers are known as [[space tourist]]s.}} |
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{{efn|name=Israel|Ilan Ramon was the first Israeli to go into space, but Ramon died during reentry during the [[Space Shuttle Columbia disaster|Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster]] |
{{efn|name=Israel|Ilan Ramon was the first Israeli to go into space, but Ramon died during reentry during the [[Space Shuttle Columbia disaster|Space Shuttle ''Columbia'' disaster]]. His close friend and colleague, [[Eytan Stibbe]], would later become the first Israeli to return from space alive, with the conclusion of [[Axiom Mission 1|Axiom-1]] in 2022.}} |
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{{efn|name=Ansari|Although recognized as an Iranian citizen by Iranian law, Ansari is also an American citizen and was prohibited from wearing Iranian state symbols by both the United States and Russian governments.}} |
{{efn|name=Ansari|Although recognized as an Iranian citizen by Iranian law, Ansari is also an American citizen and was prohibited from wearing Iranian state symbols by both the United States and Russian governments.}} |
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{{efn|name=Suborbital|This flight was suborbital.}} |
{{efn|name=Suborbital|This flight was suborbital.}} |
Since the first human spaceflight by the Soviet Union, citizens of 47 countries have flown in space. For each nationality, the launch date of the first mission is listed. The list is based on the nationality of the person at the time of the launch. Only 7 of 48 countries have been represented by female "first flyers" (Helen Sharman for the United Kingdom in 1991, Anousheh Ansari for Iran in 2006, Yi So-yeon for South Korea in 2008, Sara Sabry for Egypt in 2022, and Keisha Schahaff and Anastatia Mayers for Antigua and Barbuda in 2023, Namira Salim for Pakistan in 2023, Marina Vasilevskaya for Belarus in 2024). Only three nations (Soviet Union/Russia, U.S., China) have launched their own crewed spacecraft, with the Soviets/Russians and the American programs providing rides to other nations' astronauts. Twenty-eight "first flights" occurred on Soviet or Russian flights while the United States carried eighteen.
Note: All dates given are UTC. Countries indicated in bold have achieved independent human spaceflight capability.
The above list uses the nationality at the time of launch. Lists with differing criteria might include the following people:
Spaceflight lists and timelines
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Other mission lists and timelines |
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