Contents

Artemin

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ARTN
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2ASK, 2GH0, 2GYR, 2GYZ
Identifiers
Aliases	ARTN, ENOVIN, EVN, NBN, artemin, ART
External IDs	OMIM: 603886; MGI: 1333791; HomoloGene: 7631; GeneCards: ARTN; OMA:ARTN - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1p34.1 Start 43,933,320 bp[1] End 43,937,240 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse)[2] Band 4|4 D1 Start 117,783,359 bp[2] End 117,786,960 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in testicle triceps brachii muscle mucosa of transverse colon trachea gastric mucosa pituitary gland pericardium prostate anterior pituitary pons Top expressed in embryo seminiferous tubule spermatid vas deferens embryo zygote transitional epithelium of urinary bladder morula right kidney cornea More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function growth factor activity signaling receptor binding protein binding Cellular component extracellular region intracellular anatomical structure extracellular space Biological process induction of positive chemotaxis neuroblast proliferation lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs peripheral nervous system development signal transduction Peyer's patch morphogenesis MAPK cascade axon guidance regulation of signaling receptor activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 9048 11876 Ensembl ENSG00000117407 ENSMUSG00000028539 UniProt Q5T4W7 Q9Z0L2 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001136215 NM_003976 NM_057090 NM_057091 NM_057160 NM_009711 NM_001284191 NM_001284192 NM_001284193 RefSeq (protein) NP_001129687 NP_476431 NP_476432 NP_001271120 NP_001271121 NP_001271122 NP_033841 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 43.93 – 43.94 Mb Chr 4: 117.78 – 117.79 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Artemin, also known as enovinorneublastin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARTN gene.^[5][6]

Function[edit]

Artemin is a neurotrophic factor in the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family of ligands which are a group of ligands within the TGF-beta superfamily of signaling molecules. GDNFs are unique in having neurotrophic properties and have potential use for gene therapy in neurodegenerative disease. Artemin has been shown in culture to support the survival of a number of peripheral neuron populations and at least one population of dopaminergic CNS neurons. Its role in the PNS and CNS is further substantiated by its expression pattern in the proximity of these neurons. This protein is a ligand for the RET receptor and uses GFR-alpha 3 as a coreceptor.^[5]

Role in Axonal Development[edit]

Artemin, along with other GDNF family of ligands, has been implicated in the structural development and plasticity of several types of neurons, including ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.^[7] Artemin promotes the survival of newly differentiated neurons after they have undergone terminal mitosis. Artemin has also been found to support the survival neurons in later stages of development and can enhance neuron growth better than neural growth factor during later stages of development.^[8] Artemin plays an important role in migration, proliferation, and differentiation of sympathetic neurons during development. However, during target innervation, sympathetic neurons become dependent on neural growth factor for survival support.^[9]

Unlike other secreted guidance cues during development, artemin acts solely as a chemoattractant and never acts as a chemorepellent.^[10] Artemin is expressed in smooth muscle cells and secreted along blood vessels and in cells near sympathetic axonal projections so that the sympathetic axons can reach their target tissue cells. ^[10]

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

• artemin+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Human ARTN genome location and ARTN gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• Human NBN genome location and NBN gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 1 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.