Contents

Duna–Pogaya languages

Proposed Trans–New Guinea language branch

Duna–Pogaya
Duna–Bogaia
Geographic distribution	Hela Province, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classification	Trans–New Guinea Duna–Pogaya
Subdivisions	Duna Bogaya
Glottolog	None
Map: The Duna–Pogaya languages of New Guinea   The Duna–Pogaya languages   Other Trans–New Guinea languages   Other Papuan languages   Austronesian languages   Uninhabited

The Duna–Pogaya (Duna–Bogaia) languages are a proposed small familyofTrans–New Guinea languages in the classification of Voorhoeve (1975), Ross (2005) and Usher (2018), consisting of two languages, Duna and Bogaya, which in turn form a branch of the larger Trans–New Guinea family.^[1] Glottolog, which is based largely on Usher, however finds the connections between the two languages to be tenuous, and the connection to TNG unconvincing.^[2]

Language contact[edit]

Duna has had significant influence on Bogaya due to the socioeconomic dominance of Duna speakers over the less populous, less influential Bogaya speakers.^[3] Duna also has much more influence from Huli (a widely spoken Trans-New Guinea language) at 27–32 percent lexical similarity with Huli, while Duna has only 5-10 percent.^[3]

Pronouns[edit]

Pronouns are:

	sg	du	pl
1	*nó	*ge-na	*i-nu
2	*gó
3	*kó		*ki-nu

Vocabulary comparison[edit]

The following basic vocabulary words are from McElhanon & Voorhoeve (1970),^[4] Shaw (1973),^[5] and Shaw (1986),^[6] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:^[7]

gloss	Bogaya	Duna
head	yeľʌ; yela	kuni
hair	heepi; yeľʌ eľika	hini
ear	hona; hɔnʌn	kɔhane; konane
eye	kina; kiːnʌn	le
nose	kuuma; pfouľu	kuma
tooth	yagai; yʌkʌi	ne; nee
tongue	iki; ɩkin	ogone; ɔgɔne
leg	yehei; yehʌi	tia
louse	fando; fiľʌ	tete
dog	ɔv̧ɔpi; yau	yawi
pig	ʌpʌn	isa
bird	aka; pitʌkʌ	heka
egg	oondi; pitʌkʌ ɔ̃udi	hapa
blood	sokoya; yesʌ	kuyila
bone	hakale; hʌv̧ʌľe	kuni
skin	hugwa; hukuʌn	pulu
breast	alu; ʌľu	abu; adu; amu
tree	dowa; tɔuʌ	lowa; lɔwa
man	ami; ʌmĩ	anoa; anɔa
woman	ĩmiʌ; imya	ima
sun	owa; ɔwa	hewa
moon	kaiyuu; kʌiu	eke
water	paiyuku; pʌiuku	yu
fire	dowada; tɔun	lɔwa kiliana; lowa puru
stone	haana; hʌnʌ	kana; kuna
name	ʌmĩn; yaga	yaka
eat	nã; nosii	nai-; neyana
one	mɔsʌ kɔmʌ; moso	du
two	efʌn; yeefa	yapa

Evolution[edit]

Duna reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:^[3]

• amu ‘breast’ < *amu
• konane ‘ear’ < *kand(e,i)k(V]
• kuni ‘bone’ < *kondaC

References[edit]

• Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.