Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (orENR) (EC 1.3.1.9), is a key enzyme of the type II fatty acid synthesis (FAS) system.^[1] ENR is an attractive target for narrow-spectrum antibacterial drug discovery because of its essential role in metabolism and its sequence conservation across many bacterial species. In addition, the bacterial ENR sequence and structural organization are distinctly different from those of mammalian fatty acid biosynthesis enzymes.^[2]

At lower concentrations, Triclosan and Triclocarban provide a bacteriostatic effect by binding to ENR. Atromentin and leucomelone possess antibacterial activity, inhibiting the enzyme in the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae.^[3]

References

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^ Kapoor M, Gopalakrishnapai J, Surolia N, Surolia A (August 2004). "Mutational analysis of the triclosan-binding region of enoyl-ACP (acyl-carrier protein) reductase from Plasmodium falciparum". The Biochemical Journal. 381 (Pt 3): 735–41. doi:10.1042/BJ20040302. PMC 1133883. PMID 15139852.

^ Ling LL, Xian J, Ali S, Geng B, Fan J, Mills DM, Arvanites AC, Orgueira H, Ashwell MA, Carmel G, Xiang Y, Moir DT (May 2004). "Identification and characterization of inhibitors of bacterial enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 48 (5): 1541–7. doi:10.1128/aac.48.5.1541-1547.2004. PMC 400533. PMID 15105103.

^ Zheng CJ, Sohn MJ, Kim WG (December 2006). "Atromentin and leucomelone, the first inhibitors specific to enoyl-ACP reductase (FabK) of Streptococcus pneumoniae". The Journal of Antibiotics. 59 (12): 808–12. doi:10.1038/ja.2006.108. PMID 17323650.

External links

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NADH-Enoyl+ACP+Reductase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
EC 1.3.1.9

Metabolism: lipid metabolism / fatty acid metabolism, triglyceride and fatty acid enzymes

Synthesis

Malonyl-CoA synthesis	ATP citrate lyase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
Fatty acid synthesis/ Fatty acid synthase	Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase Β-Ketoacyl ACP reductase 3-Hydroxyacyl ACP dehydrase Enoyl ACP reductase
Fatty acid desaturases	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
Triacyl glycerol	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Thiokinase

Degradation

Acyl transport

Beta oxidation

General	Acyl CoA dehydrogenase (ACADL ACADM ACADS ACADVL ACADSB) Enoyl-CoA hydratase MTP: HADH HADHA HADHB Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
Unsaturated	Enoyl CoA isomerase 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase
Odd chain	Propionyl-CoA carboxylase
Other	Hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase

Toacetyl-CoA

Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase

Aldehydes

Long-chain-aldehyde dehydrogenase

v t e Oxidoreductases: CH–CH oxidoreductases (EC 1.3)
1.3.1: NAD/NADP acceptor	Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase/Enoyl ACP reductase 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase Biliverdin reductase 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase Dihydroxymethyloxo-tetrahydroquinoline dehydrogenase
1.3.3: Oxygen acceptor	Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Bilirubin oxidase Acyl-CoA oxidase Dihydrouracil oxidase Tetrahydroberberine oxidase Secologanin synthase Tryptophan alpha,beta-oxidase Pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase L-galactonolactone oxidase
1.3.5: Quinone	Succinate dehydrogenase SDHA SDHB SDHC SDHD
1.3.99: Other acceptors	Fumarate reductase Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase Acyl CoA dehydrogenase ACADSB ACADS 5α-reductase SRD5A1 SRD5A2 SRD5A3 Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase Isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase 3-oxo-5beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)

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