This page lists examples of the orders of magnitudeofmolar concentration. Source values are parenthesized where unit conversions were performed.
M denotes the non-SI unit molar:
| Factor (Molarity) | SI prefix | Value | Item |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10−24 | yM | 1.66 yM | 1 elementary entity per litre[1] |
| 8.5 yM | airborne bacteria in the upper troposphere (5100/m3)[2] | ||
| 10−23 | |||
| 10−22 | |||
| 10−21 | zM | 3.6 zM | solar neutrinosonEarth (6.5×1010 /cm2⋅s)[3] |
| 10−20 | 12 zM | radon in ambient, outdoor air in the United States (0.4 pCi/L ≈ 7000/L)[4] | |
| 10−19 | 120 zM | indoor radon at the EPA's "action level" (4 pCi/L ≈ 70000/L)[5] | |
| 686 zM | cosmic microwave background photonsinouter space (413/cm3)[6] | ||
| 10−18 | aM | ||
| 10−17 | |||
| 10−16 | |||
| 10−15 | fM | 2 fM | bacteria in surface seawater (1×109/L)[7] |
| 10−14 | 20 fM | virions in surface layer North Atlantic seawater (10×109/L)[8] | |
| 50–100 fM | goldinseawater[9] | ||
| 10−13 | |||
| 10−12 | pM | 7.51–9.80 pM | normal range for erythrocytesinblood in an adult male ((4.52–5.90)×1012/L)[10][11] |
| 10−11 | 10–100 pM | gold in undersea hydrothermal fluids[9] | |
| 10−10 | 170 pM | upper bound for healthy insulin when fasting[12] | |
| 10−9 | nM | 5 nM | inhaled osmium tetroxideisimmediately dangerous to life or health (1 mg Os/m3)[13] |
| 10−8 | |||
| 10−7 | 101 nM | hydronium and hydroxide ions in pure waterat25 °C (pKW = 13.99)[14] | |
| 10−6 | μM | ||
| 10−5 | |||
| 10−4 | 180–480 μM | normal range for uric acidinblood[10] | |
| 570 μM | inhaled carbon monoxide induces unconsciousness in 2–3 breaths and death in < 3 min (12800 ppm)[15] | ||
| 10−3 | mM | 0.32–32 mM | normal range of hydronium ions in stomach acid (pH 1.5–3.5)[16] |
| 5.5 mM | upper bound for healthy blood glucose when fasting[17] | ||
| 7.8 mM | upper bound for healthy blood glucose 2 hours after eating[17] | ||
| 10−2 | cM | 20 mM | neutrinos during a supernova, 1 AU from the core (1058 over 10 s)[18] |
| 44.6 mM | pure ideal gasat0 °C and 101.325 kPa[19] | ||
| 10−1 | dM | 140 mM | sodium ions in blood plasma[10] |
| 480 mM | sodium ions in seawater[20] | ||
| 100 | M | 1 M | standard state concentration for defining thermodynamic activity[21] |
| 101 | daM | 17.5 M | pure (glacial) acetic acid (1.05 g/cm3)[22] |
| 40 M | pure solid hydrogen (86 g/L)[23] | ||
| 55.5 M | pure waterat3.984 °C, temperature of its maximum density (1.0000 g/cm3)[24] | ||
| 102 | hM | 118.8 M | pure osmiumat20 °C (22.587 g/cm3)[25] |
| 140.5 M | pure copperat25 °C (8.93 g/cm3) | ||
| 103 | kM | ||
| 104 | 24 kM | helium in the solar core (150 g/cm3 ⋅ 65%)[26] | |
| 105 | |||
| 106 | MM | ||
| 107 | |||
| 108 | 122.2 MM | nuclei in a white dwarf from a 3 M☉ progenitor star (106.349 g/cm3)[27] | |
| 109 | GM | ||
| 1010 | |||
| 1011 | |||
| 1012 | TM | ||
| 1013 | |||
| 1014 | |||
| 1015 | PM | ||
| 1016 | |||
| 1017 | 228 PM | nucleonsinatomic nuclei (2.3×1017 kg/m3 = 1.37×1044/m3)[28] | |
| 1018 | EM | ||
| ... | |||
| 1077 | 3.9×1077 M | the Planck concentration (2.4×10104/m3), inverse of the Planck volume |
| Submultiples | Multiples | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value | SI symbol | Name | Value | SI symbol | Name |
| 10−1 M | dM | decimolar | 101 M | daM | decamolar |
| 10−2 M | cM | centimolar | 102 M | hM | hectomolar |
| 10−3 M | mM | millimolar | 103 M | kM | kilomolar |
| 10−6 M | μM | micromolar | 106 M | MM | megamolar |
| 10−9 M | nM | nanomolar | 109 M | GM | gigamolar |
| 10−12 M | pM | picomolar | 1012 M | TM | teramolar |
| 10−15 M | fM | femtomolar | 1015 M | PM | petamolar |
| 10−18 M | aM | attomolar | 1018 M | EM | examolar |
| 10−21 M | zM | zeptomolar | 1021 M | ZM | zettamolar |
| 10−24 M | yM | yoctomolar | 1024 M | YM | yottamolar |
| 10−27 M | rM | rontomolar | 1027 M | RM | ronnamolar |
| 10−30 M | qM | quectomolar | 1030 M | QM | quettamolar |
11.04 g/l is the concentration of sodium ions in water in other words. That’s 1.09% sodium ion!
The concentration of hydronium ions in pire water is 1.9 micrograms per liter. That’s 1.9 parts per billion of hydronium.
The normal range for hemoglobin molecules is 254.36 grams per liter or 20.27% hemoglobin. The concentration of pure water is 1 kilogram per liter or 50% water. Glacial acetic acid is 1.05 kilograms per liter or 51.2% acetic acid.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
