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A*

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』
A*探索アルゴリズム

A*A-star Z*fgh[1]h 

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A*   h(n) hnh h 使沿15STRIPSFF[2]Merge-and-Shrink[2]Landmark-Cut[3] 

A* h 0 

A* h h h h* =h[4] h

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A* 1968 Peter E. HartNils J. NilssonBertram Raphael [5]A* : admissible  AA A* [6]

A*[]


 n f* (n) 

f* (n)= g* (n) + h* (n)

 g* (n)  nh* (n)  n g* (n)  h* (n) f* (n)  g* (n)  h* (n)  f* (n)  f (n) 


 g(n)  nh(n)  n g g* h* 辿h(n)  A*h (n) 

[]


A*  OPEN

(一) OPENCLOSE

(二)1 

(三) Open =  =  Close

(四)Open

(五)Open  1 

(六)   Close 

(七)  
(一)  nm  

(二)m
m Open Close m Openmn

m Open m Open   Open Open mn

m Close  m Openmn

(八)3

(九) S  

 HDA*[7]PBFS  HDA* 768

使OPEN/CLOSE[]


OPEN/CLOSEmOPEN CLOSE  OPEN/CLOSE2 ID 

 OPEN/CLOSE[8]:

(一) OPEN, CLOSE 2OPEN

(二)ID

(三)ID 

(四)OPEN m OpenID
(一)ID1

(五)OPEN  pop pop  OPEN CLOSE 
(一)

(二)OPENf/

(三)

(六)CLOSE使

(七)f1f
(一)

[]


A* h

A* 

h(n) 

 h(n)  n  h*(n) h Admissible/


A*

 h(n) nm hconsistent/

consistent h admissible [9]

2 h1, h2   h2  h1  (dominate) h2 [10]

CPU使使

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A* OR AND  AND/OR AND 

21 AND/OR  AND/OR A* 1968[11]1980 AO* [6] AND/OR A*  A0 1976[12]AND 調[13]A*  AND/OR -2 [14] AND/OR -0 11

関連項目[編集]

参照[編集]

  1. ^ Pearl, Judea (1984) (English). "Heuristics intelligent search strategies for computer problem solving". Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0201055945 
  2. ^ a b Hoffmann, Jörg, and Bernhard Nebel. "The FF planning system: Fast plan generation through heuristic search." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (2001): 253-302.
  3. ^ Helmert, Malte, and Carmel Domshlak. "Landmarks, critical paths and abstractions: what's the difference anyway?." ICAPS. 2009.
  4. ^ How Good is Almost Perfect?. M Helmert, G Röger - AAAI, 2008
  5. ^ Peter E. Hart; Nils J. Nilsson; Bertram Raphael (July 1968). “A Formal Basis for the Heuristic Determination of Minimal Cost Paths”. IEEE Transactions on Systems Science and Cybernetics 4 (2): 100-107. doi:10.1109/TSSC.1968.300136. ISSN 0536-1567. http://ai.stanford.edu/~nilsson/OnlinePubs-Nils/PublishedPapers/astar.pdf. 
  6. ^ a b Nils J. Nilsson 著、白井良明, 辻井潤一, 佐藤泰介 訳『人工知能の原理』日本コンピュータ協会、1983年1月15日(原著1980年)。ISBN 4-88917-026-X 
  7. ^ Kishimoto, Akihiro, Alex S. Fukunaga, and Adi Botea. "Scalable, Parallel Best-First Search for Optimal Sequential Planning." ICAPS. 2009.
  8. ^ Burns, E. A., Hatem, M., Leighton, M. J., & Ruml, W. (2012, July). Implementing fast heuristic search code. In Fifth Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Search. https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/SOCS/SOCS12/paper/view/5404/5173
  9. ^ Russel, Norvig, Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
  10. ^ Robert C. Holte. Common Misconceptions Concerning Heuristic Search, SoCS 2010
  11. ^ Nils J. Nilsson (August 1968). “Searching problem-solving and game-playing trees for minimal cost solutions”. Information Processing 68 : proceedings of IFIP Congress 1968 (Amsterdam : North-Holland) 2: 1556-1562. 
  12. ^ Giorgio Levi; Franco Sirovich (January 1976). “Generalized and/or graphs”. Artificial Intelligence 7 (3): 243-259. doi:10.1016/0004-3702(76)90006-0. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0004370276900060. 
  13. ^ Vipin Kumar; Dana S. Nau; Laveen N. Kanal (August 1985). A General Paradigm for AND/OR Graph and Game Tree Search. http://www.cs.utexas.edu/ftp/AI-Lab/tech-reports/UT-AI-TR-85-9.pdf. 
  14. ^ Patrick A. V. Hall (July 1973). “Equivalence between AND/OR graphs and context-free grammars”. Communications of the ACM 16 (7): 444-445. doi:10.1145/362280.362302. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=362302.