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{{Short description|City in Moscow Oblast, Russia}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2011}} |
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{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |
{{Infobox Russian inhabited locality |
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| website = http://www.sergiev-posad.net/ |
| website = http://www.sergiev-posad.net/ |
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'''Sergiyev Posad''' ({{lang-rus| |
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⚫ | '''Sergiyev Posad''' ({{lang-rus|Сергиев Посад|p=ˈsʲɛrgʲɪ(j)ɪf pɐˈsat}}) is a [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|city]] that is the administrative center of [[Sergiyevo-Posadsky District]] in [[Moscow Oblast]], Russia. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=111,179|p2002=113,581|p1989=114,696}} |
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⚫ | The city was previously known by its current name until 1919, later it was renamed as ''Sergiyev'' (until 1930) and ''Zagorsk'' (until 1991). |
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==History== |
==History== |
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[[File:Троице-Сергиева лавра 2015.jpg|thumb |
{{stack|[[File:Троице-Сергиева лавра 2015.jpg|thumb|[[Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius]] in Sergiyev Posad]]}} |
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Sergiyev Posad is the religious center of the [[Moscow Oblast|Moscow Region]] as its first monastery was founded in 1337.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sergiyev Posad |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Sergiyev-Posad |website=Britannica}}</ref> |
Sergiyev Posad is the religious center of the [[Moscow Oblast|Moscow Region]] as its first monastery was founded in 1337.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sergiyev Posad |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Sergiyev-Posad |website=Britannica}}</ref> |
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The monastery began as a church built by Sergius of Radonezh, made out of wood, and by 1345 was recognized as a place of religious worship.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sergiev Posad History |url=https://rusmania.com/central/moscow-region/sergiev-posad/history}}</ref> Town status was granted to Sergiyev Posad in 1742.{{citation needed|date=April 2010}} In the 16th and 17th centuries, the religious center continued expanding into new monastery buildings, living areas, and stone walls, which withheld a [[Polish Siege]] of 1608–1610.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of Trinity Sergius Lavra |url=https://www.advantour.com/russia/sergiev-posad/history-of-trinity-sergius-lavra.htm}}</ref> In the 18th century, wooden monasteries were mostly destroyed and began reconstruction and settlement (roads, hotels, stable, and hospice).<ref>{{cite web |title=Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra in Sergiev Posad |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/657/}}</ref> Lavra was closed in 1919 after the [[Russian Revolution]], like all other places of worship in the USSR.<ref>{{cite web |title=Attractions of Sergiev Posad |url=https://anotherrussia.com/moscow/attractions/sergiev-posad}}</ref> The town's name, alluding to St. Sergius, has strong religious connotations. [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] authorities changed it first to just ''Sergiyev'' in 1919, and then to ''Zagorsk'' in 1930, in memory of the revolutionary [[Vladimir Zagorsky]].<ref> |
The monastery began as a church built by Sergius of Radonezh, made out of wood, and by 1345 was recognized as a place of religious worship.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sergiev Posad History |url=https://rusmania.com/central/moscow-region/sergiev-posad/history}}</ref> Town status was granted to Sergiyev Posad in 1742.{{citation needed|date=April 2010}} In the 16th and 17th centuries, the religious center continued expanding into new monastery buildings, living areas, and stone walls, which withheld a [[Siege of Troitsky monastery|Polish Siege]] of 1608–1610.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of Trinity Sergius Lavra |url=https://www.advantour.com/russia/sergiev-posad/history-of-trinity-sergius-lavra.htm}}</ref> In the 18th century, wooden monasteries were mostly destroyed and began reconstruction and settlement (roads, hotels, stable, and hospice).<ref>{{cite web |title=Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra in Sergiev Posad |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/657/}}</ref> Lavra was closed in 1919 after the [[Russian Revolution]], like all other places of worship in the USSR.<ref>{{cite web |title=Attractions of Sergiev Posad |url=https://anotherrussia.com/moscow/attractions/sergiev-posad}}</ref> The town's name, alluding to St. Sergius, has strong religious connotations. [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] authorities changed it first to just ''Sergiyev'' in 1919, and then to ''Zagorsk'' in 1930, in memory of the revolutionary [[Vladimir Zagorsky]].<ref> |
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Compare: {{cite book |
Compare: {{cite book |
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| editor1-last = Ring |
| editor1-last = Ring |
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==Culture== |
==Culture== |
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The culture of Sergiyev Posad focuses on its religious and toymaking history, as well as classical music and art.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sergiev Posad: An Introduction |url=https://realrussia.co.uk/blog/sergiev-posad-an-introduction}}</ref> The Sergiyev Posad State History and Art Museum-Preserve contain the Lavra complex of monasteries, and the [[Konny Dvor]] museum, which consists of art and excavated artifacts.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Sergiev Posad State History and Art Museum-Preserve |url=http://www.russianmuseums.info/M484}}</ref> In addition to the Lavra monasteries, the [[Chernigovsky Skete]] was built as a men's monastery in the 19th century, providing space for over 400 monks.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chernihovsky Skit |url=https://skit-chernigovsky.ru/ru/}}</ref> Today, the Skete is quiet and peaceful, with only 10 monks coming to complete its everyday functions.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chernihovsky Skete |url=https://en.advisor.travel/poi/Chernigovsky-skete-16736}}</ref> |
The culture of Sergiyev Posad focuses on its religious and toymaking history, as well as classical music and art.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sergiev Posad: An Introduction |url=https://realrussia.co.uk/blog/sergiev-posad-an-introduction}}</ref> The Sergiyev Posad State History and Art [[Museum-Preserve]] contain the Lavra complex of monasteries, and the [[Konny Dvor]] museum, which consists of art and excavated artifacts.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Sergiev Posad State History and Art Museum-Preserve |url=http://www.russianmuseums.info/M484}}</ref> In addition to the Lavra monasteries, the [[Chernigovsky Skete]] was built as a men's monastery in the 19th century, providing space for over 400 monks.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chernihovsky Skit |url=https://skit-chernigovsky.ru/ru/}}</ref> Today, the Skete is quiet and peaceful, with only 10 monks coming to complete its everyday functions.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chernihovsky Skete |url=https://en.advisor.travel/poi/Chernigovsky-skete-16736}}</ref> |
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[[Image: The belfry at the Chernigovsky Skete in Sergiev Posad..JPG|thumb|Chernigovsky Skete belfry]] |
[[Image: The belfry at the Chernigovsky Skete in Sergiev Posad..JPG|thumb|Chernigovsky Skete belfry]] |
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The Russian wooden toys, |
The Russian wooden toys, matryoshkas, were invented there by an artist [[Sergey Malyutin]], and are now displayed in the Toy Museum.<ref>{{cite web |title=Around the City: Toy Museum |url=https://rusmania.com/central/moscow-region/sergiev-posad/sights/around-the-city/toy-museum}}</ref> There are over 800 exhibits from the 11-21st century, including artifacts from other countries.<ref>{{cite web |title=Museum Information |url=http://museumot.info/information/}}</ref> |
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Because of the town’s deep-rooted focus on art and music, it has many schools for children, who are enrolled between the ages of 6–8 years old.<ref>{{cite web |title=Public schools churning out future musicians and artists |url=https://www.rbth.com/society/2014/06/03/public_schools_churning_out_future_musicians_and_artists_35693}}</ref> |
Because of the town’s deep-rooted focus on art and music, it has many schools for children, who are enrolled between the ages of 6–8 years old.<ref>{{cite web |title=Public schools churning out future musicians and artists |url=https://www.rbth.com/society/2014/06/03/public_schools_churning_out_future_musicians_and_artists_35693}}</ref> |
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In addition, it is home to many such as which has been mentioned in [[War and Peace]], Yuri Gagarin Palace of Culture which is a Russian Heritage Building. |
In addition, it is home to many such as which has been mentioned in [[War and Peace]], Yuri Gagarin Palace of Culture which is a Russian Heritage Building. |
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The [[Moscow]]–[[Yaroslavl]] railway and highway pass through the town. Sergiyev Posad Bus Terminal is located in the city. |
The [[Moscow]]–[[Yaroslavl]] railway and highway pass through the town. Sergiyev Posad Bus Terminal is located in the city. |
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The [[Zagorsk Optical-Mechanical Plant]] is located here. |
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<gallery mode="packed"> |
<gallery mode="packed"> |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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==Notable people== |
== Notable people == |
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*[[Andrei Rublev]], artist, Church iconography, lived in the 14-15th centuries, author of [[Trinity (Andrei Rublev)|''Saint Trinity'']]'s icon |
*[[Andrei Rublev]], artist, Church iconography, lived in the 14-15th centuries, author of [[Trinity (Andrei Rublev)|''Saint Trinity'']]'s icon |
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*[[Zhanna Bichevskaya]], Soviet/Russian singer and folk musician |
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*[[Daniel Chorny|Daniel Chorniy]], artist, Church |
*[[Daniel Chorny|Daniel Chorniy]], artist, Church iconography, lived in the 14-15th centuries |
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*[[Pavel Florensky]], Russian Orthodox theologian and researcher |
*[[Pavel Florensky]], Russian Orthodox theologian and researcher |
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*[[Vikentii Trofimov]], painter |
*[[Vikentii Trofimov]], painter |
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*[[Mikhail Nesterov]], painter |
*[[Mikhail Nesterov]], painter |
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*[[German Sterligov]], businessman |
*[[German Sterligov]], businessman |
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*[[Ivan Demidov (ice hockey)|Ivan Demidov]] (born 2005), ice hockey player, picked 5th overall in [[2024 NHL entry draft|2024 NHL draft]] by [[Montreal Canadiens]] |
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==Twin towns – sister cities== |
==Twin towns – sister cities== |
Sergiyev Posad
Сергиев Посад
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Location of Sergiyev Posad | |
Location of Sergiyev Posad Show map of RussiaSergiyev Posad (Moscow Oblast) Show map of Moscow Oblast | |
Coordinates: 56°18′54″N 38°08′12″E / 56.31500°N 38.13667°E / 56.31500; 38.13667 | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Moscow Oblast[1] |
Administrative district | Sergiyevo-Posadsky District[1] |
City | Sergiyev Posad[1] |
Founded | 1347 |
City status since | 1782 |
Government | |
• Body | Council of Deputies[2] |
Area | |
• Total | 50.40 km2 (19.46 sq mi) |
Elevation | 210 m (690 ft) |
Population | |
• Total | 111,179 |
• Rank | 142nd in 2010 |
• Density | 2,200/km2 (5,700/sq mi) |
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• Capitalof | Sergiyevo-Posadsky District,[1] City of Sergiyev Posad[1] |
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• Municipal district | Sergiyevo-Posadsky Municipal District[5] |
• Urban settlement | Sergiyev Posad Urban Settlement[5] |
• Capitalof | Sergiyevo-Posadsky Municipal District,[5] Sergiyev Posad Urban Settlement[5] |
Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [6]) |
Postal code(s)[7] |
141300–141315, 141318
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Dialing code(s) | +7 496 |
OKTMOID | 46728000001 |
Website | www |
Sergiyev Posad (Russian: Сергиев Посад, IPA: [ˈsʲɛrgʲɪ(j)ɪf pɐˈsat]) is a city that is the administrative center of Sergiyevo-Posadsky DistrictinMoscow Oblast, Russia. Population: 111,179 (2010 Russian census);[4] 113,581 (2002 Census);[8] 114,696 (1989 Soviet census).[9]
The city was previously known by its current name until 1919, later it was renamed as Sergiyev (until 1930) and Zagorsk (until 1991).
Sergiyev Posad is the religious center of the Moscow Region as its first monastery was founded in 1337.[10] The monastery began as a church built by Sergius of Radonezh, made out of wood, and by 1345 was recognized as a place of religious worship.[11] Town status was granted to Sergiyev Posad in 1742.[citation needed] In the 16th and 17th centuries, the religious center continued expanding into new monastery buildings, living areas, and stone walls, which withheld a Polish Siege of 1608–1610.[12] In the 18th century, wooden monasteries were mostly destroyed and began reconstruction and settlement (roads, hotels, stable, and hospice).[13] Lavra was closed in 1919 after the Russian Revolution, like all other places of worship in the USSR.[14] The town's name, alluding to St. Sergius, has strong religious connotations. Soviet authorities changed it first to just Sergiyev in 1919, and then to Zagorsk in 1930, in memory of the revolutionary Vladimir Zagorsky.[15] Sergiyev Posad was penetrated by Germany in 1941.[citation needed] It reopened later in 1941 during WW2 and continued to serve as a religious and historical center of Russia.[citation needed]
The original name was restored in 1991.[citation needed]
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Sergiyev Posad serves as the administrative centerofSergiyevo-Posadsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with twenty-six rural localities, incorporated within Sergiyevo-Posadsky District as the City of Sergiyev Posad.[1] As a municipal division, the City of Sergiyev Posad is incorporated within Sergiyevo-Posadsky Municipal District as Sergiyev Posad Urban Settlement.[5]
The culture of Sergiyev Posad focuses on its religious and toymaking history, as well as classical music and art.[16] The Sergiyev Posad State History and Art Museum-Preserve contain the Lavra complex of monasteries, and the Konny Dvor museum, which consists of art and excavated artifacts.[17] In addition to the Lavra monasteries, the Chernigovsky Skete was built as a men's monastery in the 19th century, providing space for over 400 monks.[18] Today, the Skete is quiet and peaceful, with only 10 monks coming to complete its everyday functions.[19]
The Russian wooden toys, matryoshkas, were invented there by an artist Sergey Malyutin, and are now displayed in the Toy Museum.[20] There are over 800 exhibits from the 11-21st century, including artifacts from other countries.[21] Because of the town’s deep-rooted focus on art and music, it has many schools for children, who are enrolled between the ages of 6–8 years old.[22] In addition, it is home to many such as which has been mentioned in War and Peace, Yuri Gagarin Palace of Culture which is a Russian Heritage Building.
Tourism associated with the Golden Ring plays a role in the regional economy. There is an important toy factory and Zagorsk Optical-Mechanical Plant.
The Moscow–Yaroslavl railway and highway pass through the town. Sergiyev Posad Bus Terminal is located in the city.
Sergiyev Posad is twinned with:[24]
Former twin towns:
In March 2022, the Polish city of Gniezno severed its ties with Sergiyev Posad as a response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[25]
Notes
Lenin's successor Stalin intensified religious persecution in the Soviet Union overall, and the situation perhaps became threatening enough to warrant the town to change its name in 1930 to Zagorsk, derived from the name of the Bolshevik revolutionary Vladimir Zagorsky, who was assassinated by rival socialists in 1919.
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