The inhibitory binding of Carlumab to CCL2 was hypothesized to inhibit angiogenesis and consequently modulate tumor cell proliferation.[3][2] Studies focusing on the effects of Carlumab have been performed in vitro on cell lines and in vivo on mice and in humans including phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials evaluating the efficacy, safety and dose requirements of the drug. Clinical trials for Carlumab include studies of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,[8][9] castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer[1][10] and solid tumors.[11][12]
Carlumab was being developed by Janssen Biotech prior to discontinuation in 2012[13] due to limited success in clinical trials.
^ ab"Carlumab". NCI Drug Dictionary. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute (NCI). 2011-02-02. Retrieved 2017-03-24.
^Fetterly GJ, Aras U, Meholick PD, Takimoto C, Seetharam S, McIntosh T, et al. (October 2013). "Utilizing pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling to simultaneously examine free CCL2, total CCL2 and carlumab (CNTO 888) concentration time data". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 53 (10): 1020–7. doi:10.1002/jcph.140. PMID23878055. S2CID10638060.
^Obmolova G, Teplyakov A, Malia TJ, Grygiel TL, Sweet R, Snyder LA, Gilliland GL (June 2012). "Structural basis for high selectivity of anti-CCL2 neutralizing antibody CNTO 888". Molecular Immunology. 51 (2): 227–33. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.03.022. PMID22487721.
^Clinical trial number NCT00786201 for "A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of CNTO 888 Administered Intravenously (IV) in Participants With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
^Clinical trial number NCT00992186 for "A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Single-agent Carlumab (an Anti-Chemokine Ligand 2 [CCL2]) in Participants With Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer" at ClinicalTrials.gov
^Sandhu SK, Papadopoulos K, Fong PC, Patnaik A, Messiou C, Olmos D, et al. (April 2013). "A first-in-human, first-in-class, phase I study of carlumab (CNTO 888), a human monoclonal antibody against CC-chemokine ligand 2 in patients with solid tumors". Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. 71 (4): 1041–50. doi:10.1007/s00280-013-2099-8. PMID23385782. S2CID23586468.
^Clinical trial number NCT00537368 for "First Study of the Safety of CNTO 888 in Patients With Solid Tumors" at ClinicalTrials.gov
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