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F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
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CASP6
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
2WDP , 3K7E , 3NKF , 3NR2 , 3OD5 , 3P45 , 3P4U , 3QNW , 3S70 , 3S8E , 3V6L , 3V6M , 4EJF , 4FXO , 4HVA , 4IYR , 4N5D , 4N6G , 4N7J , 4N7M , 4NBK , 4NBL , 4NBN
Identifiers Aliases CASP6 External IDs OMIM : 601532 ; MGI : 1312921 ; HomoloGene : 37455 ; GeneCards : CASP6 ; OMA :CASP6 - orthologs
Wikidata
Caspase-6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CASP6 gene .[5] [6] CASP6 orthologs [7] mammals for which complete genome data are available. Unique orthologs are also present in birds , lizards , lissamphibians , and teleosts . Caspase-6 has known functions in apoptosis ,[8] immune response [9] [10] neurodegeneration in Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease .[11]
Function [ edit ]
This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the cysteine -aspartic acid protease (caspase ) family. Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis .[8] proenzymes that undergo proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form the active enzyme. This protein is processed by caspases 7 , 8 10 [12] Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants that encode different isoforms.[13]
Caspase-6 plays a role in the early immune response via de-repression. It reduces the expression of the immunosuppressant cytokine interleukin-10 [9] IRAK-M .[10]
With respect to neurodegeneration , caspase-6 cleaves HTT in Huntington's and APP in Alzheimer's disease . Resulting in both cases in protein aggregation of the fragments.[11]
Interactions [ edit ]
Caspase 6 has been shown to interact with Caspase 8 .[14] [15] [16]
See also [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ Tiso N, Pallavicini A, Muraro T, Zimbello R, Apolloni E, Valle G, Lanfranchi G, Danieli GA (Oct 1996). "Chromosomal localization of the human genes, CPP32, Mch2, Mch3, and Ich-1, involved in cellular apoptosis". Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 225 (3 ): 983–9. doi :10.1006/bbrc.1996.1282 . PMID 8780721 .
^ Fernandes-Alnemri T, Litwack G, Alnemri ES (Aug 1995). "Mch2, a new member of the apoptotic Ced-3/Ice cysteine protease gene family". Cancer Res . 55 13 ): 2737–42. PMID 7796396 .
^ "OrthoMaM phylogenetic marker: CASP6 coding sequence" . Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2009-12-20 .
^ a b Cohen, Gerald M. (1997-08-15). "Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis" . Biochemical Journal . 326 (1 ): 1–16. doi :10.1042/bj3260001 . ISSN 0264-6021 . PMC 1218630 PMID 9337844 .
^ a b Bartel, Alexander; Göhler, André; Hopf, Verena; Breitbach, Katrin (2017-07-07). "Caspase-6 mediates resistance against Burkholderia pseudomallei infection and influences the expression of detrimental cytokines" . PLOS ONE . 12 7 ): e0180203. Bibcode :2017PLoSO..1280203B . doi :10.1371/journal.pone.0180203 ISSN 1932-6203 . PMC 5501493 PMID 28686630 .
^ a b Kobayashi, Hiroshi; Nolan, Anna; Naveed, Bushra; Hoshino, Yoshihiko; Segal, Leopoldo N.; Fujita, Yoko; Rom, William N.; Weiden, Michael D. (2011-01-01). "Neutrophils Activate Alveolar Macrophages by Producing Caspase-6–Mediated Cleavage of IL-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase-M" . The Journal of Immunology . 186 (1 ): 403–410. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.1001906 . ISSN 0022-1767 . PMC 3151149 PMID 21098228 .
^ a b Graham, Rona K.; Ehrnhoefer, Dagmar E.; Hayden, Michael R. (2011-12-01). "Caspase-6 and neurodegeneration" . Trends in Neurosciences . 34 12 ): 646–656. doi :10.1016/j.tins.2011.09.001 . ISSN 0166-2236 . PMID 22018804 . S2CID 1603684 .
^ Wang XJ, Cao Q, Liu X, Wang KT, Mi W, Zhang Y, Li LF, LeBlanc AC, Su XD (Nov 2010). "Crystal structures of human caspase 6 reveal a new mechanism for intramolecular cleavage self-activation" . EMBO Rep . 11 11 ): 841–7. doi :10.1038/embor.2010.141 . PMC 2966951 PMID 20890311 .
^ "Entrez Gene: CASP6 caspase 6, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase" .
^ Cowling V, Downward J (Oct 2002). "Caspase-6 is the direct activator of caspase-8 in the cytochrome c-induced apoptosis pathway: absolute requirement for removal of caspase-6 prodomain" . Cell Death Differ . 9 10 ): 1046–56. doi :10.1038/sj.cdd.4401065 PMID 12232792 .
^ Guo Y, Srinivasula SM, Druilhe A, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Alnemri ES (Apr 2002). "Caspase-2 induces apoptosis by releasing proapoptotic proteins from mitochondria" . J. Biol. Chem . 277 (16 ): 13430–7. doi :10.1074/jbc.M108029200 PMID 11832478 .
^ Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Litwack G, Alnemri ES (Dec 1996). "Molecular ordering of the Fas-apoptotic pathway: The Fas/APO-1 protease Mch5 is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that activates multiple Ced-3/ICE-like cysteine proteases" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 25 ): 14486–91. Bibcode :1996PNAS...9314486S . doi :10.1073/pnas.93.25.14486 PMC 26159 PMID 8962078 .
Further reading [ edit ]
Takahashi A, Alnemri ES, Lazebnik YA, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Litwack G, Moir RD, Goldman RD, Poirier GG, Kaufmann SH, Earnshaw WC (1996). "Cleavage of lamin A by Mch2 alpha but not CPP32: multiple interleukin 1 beta-converting enzyme-related proteases with distinct substrate recognition properties are active in apoptosis" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 93 16 ): 8395–400. Bibcode :1996PNAS...93.8395T . doi :10.1073/pnas.93.16.8395 PMC 38682 PMID 8710882 .
Bullrich F, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Litwack G, Alnemri ES, Croce CM (1997). "Chromosomal mapping of cell death proteases CPP32, MCH2, and MCH3". Genomics . 36 2 ): 362–5. doi :10.1006/geno.1996.0476 . PMID 8812467 .
Srinivasula SM, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Zangrilli J, Robertson N, Armstrong RC, Wang L, Trapani JA, Tomaselli KJ, Litwack G, Alnemri ES (1996). "The Ced-3/interleukin 1beta converting enzyme-like homolog Mch6 and the lamin-cleaving enzyme Mch2alpha are substrates for the apoptotic mediator CPP32" . J. Biol. Chem . 271 (43 ): 27099–106. doi :10.1074/jbc.271.43.27099 PMID 8900201 .
Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Litwack G, Alnemri ES (1997). "Molecular ordering of the Fas-apoptotic pathway: The Fas/APO-1 protease Mch5 is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that activates multiple Ced-3/ICE-like cysteine proteases" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 93 25 ): 14486–91. Bibcode :1996PNAS...9314486S . doi :10.1073/pnas.93.25.14486 PMC 26159 PMID 8962078 .
Rao L, Perez D, White E (1997). "Lamin proteolysis facilitates nuclear events during apoptosis" . J. Cell Biol . 135 (6 Pt 1): 1441–55. doi :10.1083/jcb.135.6.1441 . PMC 2133948 PMID 8978814 .
Kim TW, Pettingell WH, Jung YK, Kovacs DM, Tanzi RE (1998). "Alternative cleavage of Alzheimer-associated presenilins during apoptosis by a caspase-3 family protease". Science . 277 (5324): 373–6. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1025.8052 doi :10.1126/science.277.5324.373 . PMID 9219695 .
Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Ottilie S, Bullrich F, Banks S, Wang Y, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Croce CM, Litwack G, Tomaselli KJ, Armstrong RC, Alnemri ES (1997). "FLAME-1, a novel FADD-like anti-apoptotic molecule that regulates Fas/TNFR1-induced apoptosis" . J. Biol. Chem . 272 (30 ): 18542–5. doi :10.1074/jbc.272.30.18542 PMID 9228018 .
Caulín C, Salvesen GS, Oshima RG (1997). "Caspase Cleavage of Keratin 18 and Reorganization of Intermediate Filaments during Epithelial Cell Apoptosis" . J. Cell Biol . 138 (6 ): 1379–94. doi :10.1083/jcb.138.6.1379 . PMC 2132555 PMID 9298992 .
Hirata H, Takahashi A, Kobayashi S, Yonehara S, Sawai H, Okazaki T, Yamamoto K, Sasada M (1998). "Caspases Are Activated in a Branched Protease Cascade and Control Distinct Downstream Processes in Fas-induced Apoptosis" . J. Exp. Med . 187 (4 ): 587–600. doi :10.1084/jem.187.4.587 . PMC 2212161 PMID 9463409 .
Harvey KF, Harvey NL, Michael JM, Parasivam G, Waterhouse N, Alnemri ES, Watters D, Kumar S (1998). "Caspase-mediated cleavage of the ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd4 during apoptosis" . J. Biol. Chem . 273 (22 ): 13524–30. doi :10.1074/jbc.273.22.13524 PMID 9593687 .
Utz PJ, Hottelet M, Le TM, Kim SJ, Geiger ME, van Venrooij WJ, Anderson P (1999). "The 72-kDa component of signal recognition particle is cleaved during apoptosis" . J. Biol. Chem . 273 (52 ): 35362–70. doi :10.1074/jbc.273.52.35362 PMID 9857079 .
Samejima K, Svingen PA, Basi GS, Kottke T, Mesner PW, Stewart L, Durrieu F, Poirier GG, Alnemri ES, Champoux JJ, Kaufmann SH, Earnshaw WC (1999). "Caspase-mediated cleavage of DNA topoisomerase I at unconventional sites during apoptosis" . J. Biol. Chem . 274 (7 ): 4335–40. doi :10.1074/jbc.274.7.4335 PMID 9933635 .
Walter J, Schindzielorz A, Grünberg J, Haass C (1999). "Phosphorylation of presenilin-2 regulates its cleavage by caspases and retards progression of apoptosis" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 96 4 ): 1391–6. Bibcode :1999PNAS...96.1391W . doi :10.1073/pnas.96.4.1391 PMC 15473 PMID 9990034 .
van de Craen M, de Jonghe C, van den Brande I, Declercq W, van Gassen G, van Criekinge W, Vanderhoeven I, Fiers W, van Broeckhoven C, Hendriks L, Vandenabeele P (1999). "Identification of caspases that cleave presenilin-1 and presenilin-2. Five presenilin-1 (PS1) mutations do not alter the sensitivity of PS1 to caspases" (PDF) . FEBS Lett . 445 (1 ): 149–54. doi :10.1016/S0014-5793(99 )00108-8 . hdl :10067/238040151162165141 PMID 10069390 . S2CID 31218178 .
Xanthoudakis S, Roy S, Rasper D, Hennessey T, Aubin Y, Cassady R, Tawa P, Ruel R, Rosen A, Nicholson DW (1999). "Hsp60 accelerates the maturation of pro-caspase-3 by upstream activator proteases during apoptosis" . EMBO J . 18 8 ): 2049–56. doi :10.1093/emboj/18.8.2049 . PMC 1171289 PMID 10205159 .
External links [ edit ]
t
e
Activity
Regulation
Classification
Kinetics
Types
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caspase_6&oldid=1230794388 " C a t e g o r i e s : ● G e n e s o n h u m a n c h r o m o s o m e 4 ● E C 3 . 4 . 2 2 ● C a s p a s e s H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s : ● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n ● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a ● W e b a r c h i v e t e m p l a t e w a y b a c k l i n k s
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 2 4 J u n e 2 0 2 4 , a t 1 9 : 1 2 ( U T C ) . ● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n . ● P r i v a c y p o l i c y ● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a ● D i s c l a i m e r s ● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a ● C o d e o f C o n d u c t ● D e v e l o p e r s ● S t a t i s t i c s ● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t ● M o b i l e v i e w
