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( T o p )
1
M e s o p o t a m i a
T o g g l e M e s o p o t a m i a s u b s e c t i o n
1 . 1
L o w e r M e s o p o t a m i a
1 . 2
U p p e r M e s o p o t a m i a
2
I r a n
3
A n a t o l i a ( T u r k e y )
4
T h e L e v a n t
5
A r a b i a n P e n i n s u l a
6
C y p r u s
7
N u b i a
8
H o r n o f A f r i c a
9
E g y p t
10
S e e a l s o
11
R e f e r e n c e s
12
E x t e r n a l l i n k s
T o g g l e t h e t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s
L i s t o f c i t i e s o f t h e a n c i e n t N e a r E a s t
1 4 l a n g u a g e s
● ا ل ع ر ب ي ة
● C a t a l à
● Č e š t i n a
● E s p a ñ o l
● F r a n ç a i s
● I t a l i a n o
● M a g y a r
● N e d e r l a n d s
● R o m â n ă
● Р у с с к и й
● S l o v e n š č i n a
● S u o m i
● த ம ி ழ ்
● T i ế n g V i ệ t
E d i t l i n k s
● A r t i c l e
● T a l k
E n g l i s h
● R e a d
● E d i t
● V i e w h i s t o r y
T o o l s
T o o l s
A c t i o n s
● R e a d
● E d i t
● V i e w h i s t o r y
G e n e r a l
● W h a t l i n k s h e r e
● R e l a t e d c h a n g e s
● U p l o a d f i l e
● S p e c i a l p a g e s
● P e r m a n e n t l i n k
● P a g e i n f o r m a t i o n
● C i t e t h i s p a g e
● G e t s h o r t e n e d U R L
● D o w n l o a d Q R c o d e
● W i k i d a t a i t e m
P r i n t / e x p o r t
● D o w n l o a d a s P D F
● P r i n t a b l e v e r s i o n
I n o t h e r p r o j e c t s
● W i k i m e d i a C o m m o n s
A p p e a r a n c e
F r o m W i k i p e d i a , t h e f r e e e n c y c l o p e d i a
The earliest cities in history were in the ancient Near East , an area covering roughly that of the modern Middle East : its history began in the 4th millennium BC and ended, depending on the interpretation of the term, either with the conquest by the Achaemenid Empire in the 6th century BC or with that by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC.
The largest cities of the Bronze Age Near East housed several tens of thousands of people. Memphis in the Early Bronze Age , with some 30,000 inhabitants, was the largest city of the time by far. Ebla is estimated to have had a population of 40,000 inhabitants in the Intermediate Bronze age .[1] Ur in the Middle Bronze Age is estimated to have had some 65,000 inhabitants; Babylon in the Late Bronze Age similarly had a population of some 50,000–60,000. Niniveh had some 20,000–30,000, reaching 100,000 only in the Iron Age (around 700 BC).
In Akkadian and Hittite orthography , URU𒌷 became a determinative sign denoting a city, or combined with KUR 𒆳 "land" the kingdom or territory controlled by a city, e.g. 𒄡𒆳𒌷𒄩𒀜𒌅𒊭 LUGAL KUR URU Ha-at-ti "the king of the country of (the city of) Hatti ". The KI 𒆠 determinative is used following place names (toponyms) in both Sumerian and Akkadian.[2] [3]
Mesopotamia
[ edit ]
Lower Mesopotamia
[ edit ]
Map of Mesopotamian cities in modern-day Iraq , Syria and Iran .
Map of Mesopotamia .
(ordered from north to south)
Me-Turan (Tell Haddad and Tell al-Sib )
Tell Yelkhi (Awal? )
Tutub (Khafajah )
Der (Tell Aqar )
Sippar (Tell Abu Habbah )
Sippar-Amnanum (Tell ed-Der )
Urum (Tell Uqair )
Kutha (Tell Ibrahim )
Jemdet Nasr (NI.RU )
Kish (Tell Uheimir & Ingharra )
Babilim (Babylon )
Borsippa (Birs Nimrud )
Malgium (Tulūl al-Fāj / Tell Yassir )
Mashkan-shapir (Tell Abu Duwari )
Dilbat (Tell ed-Duleim )
Nippur (Afak )
Marad (Tell Wannat es-Sadum )
Adab (Tell Bismaya )
Isin (Ishan al-Bahriyat )
Kisurra (Tell Abu Hatab )
Shuruppak (Tell Fara )
Karkar (Tell Ĝidr? )
Bad-tibira (Tell al-Madineh? )
Zabalam (Tell Ibzeikh )
Umma (Umm al-Aqarib , Tell Jokha )
Girsu (Tello or Telloh )
Lagash (Tell al-Hiba )
Tell Zurghul (Nigin )
Uruk (Warka )
Larsa (Tell as-Senkereh )
Pašime (Tell Abu Sheeja )
Tell Khaiber
Irisaĝrig (Tell al-Wilayah ? )
Tulul al-Baqarat (Kesh? )
Ur (Tell al-Muqayyar )
Tell al-Lahm (Dur-Iakin? , Kisik? , Kuara??? )
Eridu (Tell Abu Shahrain )
Ubaid (Tell al-'Ubaid )
Akshak
Akkad
Is
Upper Mesopotamia
[ edit ]
Map of Syria in the second millennium BC
(ordered from north to south)
Shanidar cave
Urkesh (Urkish) (Tell Mozan )
Tell Leilan (Shekhna , Shubat-Enlil )
Tell Halaf
Tell Arbid
Harran
Chagar Bazar
Mardaman (Bassetki )
Kahat (Tell Barri )
Tell Fekheriye (Washukanni ? )
Hadatu (Arslan Tash )
Carchemish (Djerabis )
Til Barsip (Tell Ahmar )
Tell Chuera
Al-Rawda
Nabada (Tell Beydar )
Nagar (Tell Brak )
Hamazi
Yarim Tepe
Telul eth-Thalathat
Tepe Gawra
Tell Arpachiyah (Tepe Reshwa )
Tell Maghzaliyah
Shibaniba (Tell Billa )
Tarbisu (Sherif Khan )
Nineveh (Ninua )
Qatara or Karana (Tell al-Rimah )
Tell Hamoukar
Dur Sharrukin (Khorsabad )
Tell Shemshara (Shusharra )
Bestansur
Tell Bazmusian
Erbil (Urbilim , Arba-Ilu )
Kurd Qaburstan (Qabra? )
Qasr Shemamok (Kilizu/Kilizi/Kakzu )
Qal'at Jarmo
Tell Taya
Tell Hassuna
Balawat (Imgur-Enlil)
Tell es-Sweyhat
Tell Hadidi (Azu )
Mumbaqat (Tall Munbāqa, Ekalte )
Nimrud
Emar (Tell Meskene )
Tall Bazi (Baṣīru , Armanum? )
Arrapha
Kar-Tukulti-Ninurta
Assur
Ekallatum
Nuzi (Yorghan Tepe , Gasur )
Tell al-Fakhar (Kurruhanni? )
Tell Taban (Ṭābetu , Ṭābatum )
Terqa (Tell Ashara )
Doura Europos
Mari (Tell Hariri )
Tuttul (Tell Bi'a )
Haradum (Khirbet ed-Diniyeh )
Tell es-Sawwan
Nerebtum or Kiti (Tell Ishchali )
Tell Agrab
Dur-Kurigalzu (Aqar Quf )
Shaduppum (Tell Harmal )
Tell al-Dhiba'i
Tell Muhammad
Seleucia
Ctesiphon (Taq Kisra )
Zenobia (Halabiye )
Hatra
Idu
Rabana-Merquly (Natounia? )
Iran
[ edit ]
Behistun
Godin Tepe
Rey (Rhages , Europos , Shahr-e-Ray , Arsacia )
Chogha Mish
Tepe Sialk
Susa (Shush , Shushan )
Kabnak (Haft Tepe )
Dur Untash (Chogha Zanbil )
Shahr-e Sukhteh
Pasargadae (Pasargad , Pasargadai )
Naqsh-e Rustam
Estakhr (Istakhr )
Persepolis (Parsa )
Tall-i Bakun
Anshan (Tall-i Malyan or Tepe Malyan )
Konar Sandal
Tepe Yahya
Teppe Hasanlu
Khaydalu
Kermanshah
Isfahan (Aspadana )
Tabriz
Shahdad
Marlik
Chogha Bonut
Ganj Dareh
Ali Kosh
Geoy Tepe
Baba Jan Tepe
Shah Tepe
Hajji Firuz Tepe
Kul Tepe
Shir Ashian Tepe
Tepe Hissar
Tepe Sofalin
Tureng Tepe
Yarim Tepe
Vahrkana (Gorgan )
Narezzash (Neyriz )
Zranka (Dahan-e Gholaman )
Jiroft
Nahavand
Mahallat
Hashtgerd
Bastam
Ganzak
Anatolia (Turkey)
[ edit ]
Settlements of Bronze Age Anatolia, based on Hittite records.
(ordered from north to south)
Miletus
Sfard (Sardis )
Nicaea
Sapinuwa
Yazilikaya
Alaca Höyük
Maşat Höyük
Alishar Hüyük
Hattusa
Ilios (Wilusa, Ilion, Troas, Troy )
Kanesh (Nesa, Kültepe )
Arslantepe (Malatya )
Çayönü (Amed, Diyarbakir )
Sam'al (Zincirli Höyük )
Çatalhöyük
Beycesultan
Karatepe
Tushhan (Ziyaret Tepe )
Üçtepe Höyük (Šināmum/Sinābu?, Tušḫan? )
Adana
Tarsus
Zephyrion (Mersin )
Gözlükule
Titris Hoyuk
Tilmen Hoyuk
Sultantepe
Attalia (Antalya )
The Levant
[ edit ]
Acre
Adoraim (Adora, Dura )
Afqa (Afeka )
Alalakh (Alakhtum , Tell Atchana )
Aleppo (Halab , Ha-Lam , Yamhad )
Al-Rastan (Arethusa )
Antioch (Antakiya )
Apamea (Afamiya )
Aphek (Antipatris , Tell Afik )
Arad (Arad Rabbah?; Tel Arad )
Arpad (Tell Rifaat )
Arqa (Arkat , Irqata )
Arwad (Aradus , Arvad , Arphad , Ruad Island )
Ashdod
Ashkelon
Azekah
Baalbek (Heliopolis )
Batroun (Botrys )
Banias
Beersheba
Beirut (Berytus )
Beth Shean
Bet Shemesh
Bethel
Bethsaida
Bethlehem
Bosra
Byblos (Gubla , Kepen )
Dan, former Laish (Tel Dan , Tell el-Qadi )
Damascus (Dimasqu )
Deir Alla (Pethor? )
Dhiban (Dibon )
Dor (D-jr, Dora)
Dura-Europos (Dur )
Ebla (Tell Mardikh )
Edessa (Ar-Ruha , Urfa )
Ein Gedi (Hazazon-tamar, Tel Goren )
En Esur
Enfeh (Ampi )
Ekron (Tel Miqne , Khirbet el-Muqanna )
Et-Tell (Ai?)
Gath (Tell es-Safi?)
Gaza
Gezer
Gibeah (Tell el-Ful?)
Hama (Hamath , Epiphania )
Harran (Carrhae , Hellenopolis )
Hazor
Hebron
Hermel
Homs (Emesa )
Jawa
Jericho (Ariha )
Jerusalem (Jebus , City of David )
Jezreel
Kadesh (Syria) (Tell Nebi Mend )
Karnaim (Ashteroth Karnaim )
Kedesh (Qadesh in Galilee)
Khirbet Kerak (Al-Sinnabra )
Khirbet el-Qom (Makkedah/Maqqedah)
Khirbet Qeiyafa (Sha'arayim ? / Neta'im?)
Kinneret (Tel Kinrot , Tell el-Oreimeh )
Kumidi (Kamid el-Loz )
Lachish (Tel Lachish , Tell ed-Duweir )
Manbij (Manbug , Mabog , Bambyce , Hierapolis )
Megiddo (Tel Megiddo , Tell el-Mutesellim )
Petra (Raqmu )
Qatna (Tell Mishrifeh )
Rabbath Ammon (Philadelphia )
Tel Rehov (Rehov? )
Samaria (Shomron, Sebastie )
Sam'al
Sarepta (Sarafand )
Sharuhen (Tell el-Far'ah (South) ) ?, Tell el-'Ajjul ?, Tel Haror ? )
Shiloh
Saida (Sidon )
Sumur (Sumuru , Simirra )
Tadmor (Palmyra )
Tall Zira'a
Tel Yarmuth
Tell Abu al-Kharaz (Jabesh-Gilead ? )
Tell Afis (Hazrek )
Tell Ashtara (Ashteroth Karnaim )
Tell Balata (Shechem )
Tell Beit Mirsim
Tel Burna
Tell el-Burak
Tell el-Hesi (Eglon?)
Tell en-Nasbeh (Mizpah in Benjamin ? )
Tell es-Sakan
Tel Kabri (one of several cities called Rehob)
Tell Kazel
Tell Qaramel
Tell Qarqur (Qarqar ? )
Tell Tayinat (Kinalua? )
Tell Tweini (Gibala?)
Tel Yokneam (Yokneam , "'En-qn'mu")
Tirzah (Tell el-Farah North )
Tripoli (Tripolis )
Tulul adh-Dhahab (Mahanaim ? Penuel ? )
Tyre (Tylos )
Ugarit (Ras Shamra )
Umm el-Marra
Zahiran ("Sahiri")
Zoara (Zoar, Bela)
Arabian Peninsula
[ edit ]
The Arabian Peninsula and the Horn of Africa , separated by just a few miles of the Red Sea , have a history of related settlements, especially near the coast
Al-Ashoosh
Awwam
Barran
Bakkah (Mecca )
Barbar Temple
Bidaa Bint Saud
Al Bithnah
Dalma
Al Da'asa
Dedan (Al-'Ula )
Dibba
Dumat Al-Jandal (Adummatu )
Ed-Dur
Failaka
Gerrha
Ḥaram
Hili Archaeological Park
Ibri
Izki
Jeddah
Jubbah
Julfar
Kalba
Al-Kharj
Khaybar
Khor Rori (Sumhuram )
Kaminahu (Kamna )
Lihyan
Mada'in Saleh (Al-Hijr, el Hijr, and Hegra)
Al Madam
Al-Magar
Ma'rib
Maṣna'at Māriya
Mleiha
Muweilah
Najran
Nashan
Nashaq
Nizwa
Petra
Qatif
Qarnawu
Qaryat al-Faw (Dhat al-Jnan )
Qal'at al-Bahrain
Sakakah
Sanaa
Ṣirwāḥ
Shabwa
Shimal
Sohar
As-Subiya
Tarim, Yemen
Tayma (Tema )
Tell Abraq
Thula
Tarout
Umm Al Nar
Yathrib (Medina )
Cyprus
[ edit ]
Nubia
[ edit ]
Horn of Africa
[ edit ]
Egypt
[ edit ]
See also
[ edit ]
References
[ edit ]
^ Edzard, Dietz Otto (2003). Sumerian Grammar . Handbook of Oriental Studies. Vol. 71. Leiden: Brill. p. 9. ISBN 90-04-12608-2 .
External links
[ edit ]
R e t r i e v e d f r o m " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_cities_of_the_ancient_Near_East&oldid=1233226029 "
C a t e g o r i e s :
● C i t y - s t a t e s
● A n c i e n t c i t i e s o f t h e M i d d l e E a s t
● A n c i e n t N e a r E a s t
● L i s t s o f c i t i e s
● A n c i e n t h i s t o r y - r e l a t e d l i s t s
H i d d e n c a t e g o r i e s :
● A r t i c l e s w i t h s h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n
● S h o r t d e s c r i p t i o n i s d i f f e r e n t f r o m W i k i d a t a
● C o m m o n s c a t e g o r y l i n k i s o n W i k i d a t a
● T h i s p a g e w a s l a s t e d i t e d o n 7 J u l y 2 0 2 4 , a t 2 3 : 3 5 ( U T C ) .
● T e x t i s a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e C r e a t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - S h a r e A l i k e L i c e n s e 4 . 0 ;
a d d i t i o n a l t e r m s m a y a p p l y . B y u s i n g t h i s s i t e , y o u a g r e e t o t h e T e r m s o f U s e a n d P r i v a c y P o l i c y . W i k i p e d i a ® i s a r e g i s t e r e d t r a d e m a r k o f t h e W i k i m e d i a F o u n d a t i o n , I n c . , a n o n - p r o f i t o r g a n i z a t i o n .
● P r i v a c y p o l i c y
● A b o u t W i k i p e d i a
● D i s c l a i m e r s
● C o n t a c t W i k i p e d i a
● C o d e o f C o n d u c t
● D e v e l o p e r s
● S t a t i s t i c s
● C o o k i e s t a t e m e n t
● M o b i l e v i e w