Pieter Cornelis Martijn van den Hoogenband (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpitɛr vɑn dən ˈɦoːɣə(m)ˌbɑnt]; born 14 March 1978) is a Dutch retired swimmer. He is a triple Olympic champion and former world record holder.[3]
Born in Maastricht, Limburg, he is the son of Cees-Rein van den Hoogenband and Astrid Verver, a former Dutch 800 m freestyle silver medalist at the European Junior Championships.[4] He has a younger brother.[5]
He grew up in Geldrop, where he swam for PSV Eindhoven. [citation needed] His father is a team doctor with the professional football team of the same club.
Russian swimmer and four-time Olympic gold medalist Alexander Popov was his role model.[6]
In 1993, Van den Hoogenband achieved his first success, performing well on the European Youth Olympic Days. Before the Atlanta Games, Astrid van den Hoogenband, who was coaching the Dutch team, became frustrated with the swimmers representing the Netherlands, feeling they had much potential but would not be able to live up to it due to lack of adequate support. She pleaded with Cees to take action, as he carried much weight from his professional connections. [citation needed] After Astrid threatened to remove Pieter from the sport, Cees created a small foundation and signed up 20 initial sponsors who each paid $2,500 to fund a team trainer. The Dutch swimming team eventually signed contracts with Philips, Nike, and Speedo. Enough funds were raised to open a swim school in Eindhoven, Van den Hoogenband's place of residence. The team eventually grew to ten. Pieter remained the Netherlands' brightest star, and along with fellow Dutch Inge de Bruijn brought the Netherlands many victories in the sport. [citation needed]
Van den Hoogenband is the only swimmer in history who has managed to win both the 100–200 metre freestyle double at the Olympics and also repeat as 100 freestyle champion at the Olympics. His three Olympic gold are the only three won by a Dutch male pool swimmer.
Van den Hoogenband's international breakthrough came at the 1996 Summer OlympicsinAtlanta. Only 18 years old, he exceeded the expectations of many by finishing 4th in both the 100 m and 200 m freestyle. He won the 50 m freestyle B final, and finished 5th in the 4×100 m freestyle relay, 7th in the 4×200 m freestyle relay, and 10th in the 4×100 m medley relay.
| 1998 World Championships | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
4×200 m freestyle | 7:16.77 |
 |
200 m freestyle | 1:48.65 |
At the 1998 World Aquatics ChampionshipsinPerth, Australia, Van den Hoogenband won bronze medal in the 200 metre freestyle and silver in the 4×200 m freestyle relay.
| 2000 Summer Olympics | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
100 m freestyle | 48.30 |
|
200 m freestyle | 1:45.35 |
|
50 m freestyle | 22.03 |
|
4×200 m freestyle | 7:12.70 |
After winning 6 gold medals at the 1999 European Championships, Van den Hoogenband was one of the favourites at the 2000 Summer Olympics, but his adversaries were formidable. In the 200 m freestyle he faced the world record holder, Australian youngster Ian Thorpe, favourite of the home crowd in Sydney. In the semi-finals, Van den Hoogenband set a new world record, but Thorpe countered with a time only 0.02 s slower. In an exciting final, Van den Hoogenband equalled his time from the semi-finals to win the gold medal. In the 100 m freestyle, Van den Hoogenband again set a world record in the semi-finals and won his second gold medal, defeating the 1992 and 1996 champion, Alexander Popov. His 100 m world record stood until 21 March 2008 and was broken by France's Alain Bernard (47.60). Van den Hoogenband won two more medals, both bronze, in the 50 m freestyle and the 4×200 m freestyle relay, in which he was the final swimmer.[3]
Van den Hoogenband was named Dutch sportsman of the year in 1999, 2000 and 2004, World Swimmer of the Year in 2000, and European Swimmer of the Year in 1999, 2000, 2002 and 2004.[3]
| 2001 World Championships | ||
|---|---|---|
|
50 m freestyle | 22.16 |
|
100 m freestyle | 48.43 |
|
200 m freestyle | 1:45.81 |
|
4×100 m freestyle | 3:14.56 |
At the 2001 World ChampionshipsinFukuoka, Japan, Van den Hoogenband won four silver medals in the 50 m, 100 m, 200 m freestyle events and 4×100 m freestyle relay.
| 2003 World Championships | ||
|---|---|---|
|
100 m freestyle | 48.68 |
|
200 m freestyle | 1:46.43 |
|
50 m freestyle | 22.29 |
At the 2003 World ChampionshipsinBarcelona he split a 46.70 in the medley relay which stood as the fastest 100 m freestyle split until it was topped in 2008 by the French relay veteran Frédérick Bousquet, at 46.63 seconds. Van den Hoogenbands' 46.70, however, remained as the fastest textile relay split until it was topped in 2015 by Cameron McEvoy of Australia. He had disappointing performances in both the 100 and 200 freestyle events though, finishing runner up to Alexander Popov and Ian Thorpe respectively, with considerably slow times. His times from previous meets in the past year, and earlier rounds of the championships, would have won both events. His winning time in the 200 freestyle at the 2002 European Championships was faster than Ian Thorpe's winning time at these Championships, but Pieter went about 2 whole seconds slower this time around. His time in the semis of the 100 freestyle at these Championships would have won the final of that event as well (won by Alexander Popov), and his 100 free relay split (with nearly a second gain from a rolling start) was 2 whole seconds faster.
| 2004 Summer Olympics | ||
|---|---|---|
|
100 m freestyle | 48.17 |
|
200 m freestyle | 1:45.23 |
|
4×100 m freestyle | 3:14.36 |
At the 2004 Summer OlympicsinAthens, he won a gold medal in the 100 m freestyle and two silvers in the 200 m freestyle and the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay, swimming the anchor leg in 46.79 which was the 2nd fastest split in history. By finishing ahead of Michael Phelps in both the 200 m freestyle and the 4×100 m freestyle relay, he is the only swimmer to ever beat Phelps twice in Olympic competition. While technically the second was a relay, his split was faster by a large margin, and the margin of beating the U.S. team by a far smaller one.
At the 2007 World ChampionshipsinMelbourne, Australia, Van den Hoogenband won a silver medal in the 200 m freestyle behind Michael Phelps.
He holds by a large margin the all-time record for most runner up finishes at the World Championships without winning.
Van den Hoogenband returned to the Olympic Games in 2008inBeijing and finished fifth in the 100 m freestyle. He retired after the race. In the semifinals he broke his own national record that stood from 2000 Summer Olympics bringing it to 47.68 s.
In making the 100 m freestyle final, Van den Hoogenband became the first swimmer to make the finals in the same event four times.
In December of the same year, he announced his retirement.[7][8][9]
Van den Hoogenband continues to swim recreationally and he remains active in the sports industry. He has served as a commentator for many swimming events, including the 2012 Summer Olympics.[10] The swimming arena in the sporting centre of Eindhoven was named the "Pieter van den Hoogenband Zwemstadion".
Van den Hoogenband was married to his longtime girlfriend Minouche Smit who is also a former swimmer. They have a daughter Daphne (born 23 June 2007) and a son Sander (born 13 September 2009). In September 2012 the couple announced their divorce. Then Van den Hoogenband dated Ranomi Kromowidjojo, also a multiple Olympic gold medalist.[11] Their relationship ended in 2014. On 16 September 2016 Van den Hoogenband married Marie-José Crooijmans.[12]
Despite a fierce rivalry, Van den Hoogenband is a good friend of Australian Ian Thorpe.[13][14][15][16][17][18]
| Records | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Men's 100 metre freestyle world record holder (long course) 19 September 2000 – 21 March 2008 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Men's 200 metre freestyle world record holder (long course) 17 September 2000 – 27 March 2001 |
Succeeded by |
| Awards and achievements | ||
| Preceded by | Dutch Sportsman of the Year 1999 to 2000 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Dutch Sportsman of the Year 2004 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | World Swimmer of the Year 2000 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | European Swimmer of the Year 1999–2000 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | European Swimmer of the Year 2002 |
Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | European Swimmer of the Year 2004 |
Succeeded by |
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