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LIST OF NEAREST SOLAR TYPE STARS
This list contains all known stars and brown dwarfs at a distance of up to 5 parsecs (16.3 light-years) from the Solar System, ordered by increasing distance. In addition to the Solar System, there are another 51 stellar systems currently known lying within this distance. These systems contain a total of 61 hydrogen-fusing stars and nine brown dwarfs. Despite the relative proximity of these objects to the Earth, only nine of them have an apparent magnitude less than 6.5, which means only about 13% of these objects can be observed with the naked eye.[1] Besides the Sun, only three are first-magnitude stars: Alpha Centauri, Sirius, and Procyon. All of these objects are located in the Local Bubble, a region within the Orion–Cygnus Arm of the Milky Way Galaxy.
Stars visible to the unaided eye have their magnitude shown in light blue below. The classes of the stars and brown dwarfs are shown in the color of their spectral types (these colors are derived from conventional names for the spectral types and do not represent the star's observed color). Many brown dwarfs are not listed by visual magnitude but are listed by near-IR J band magnitude. Some of the parallax and distance results are preliminary measurements.[2]
# | Distance[3] Light-years (±err) |
Designation | Stellar class | Apparent magnitude (mV or mJ) | Absolute magnitude (MV or MJ) | Epoch J2000.0 | Parallax[2][4] mas(±err) |
Additional references | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
System | Star | Star # | Right ascension[2] | Declination[2] | |||||||
0 | Solar System | Sun | G2V[2] | −26.74[2] | 4.85[2] | — | — | has eight planets; Earth's home star | |||
1 | 4.2421(16) | Alpha Centauri (Rigil Kentaurus) |
Proxima Centauri (V645 Centauri) | 1 | M5.5Ve | 11.09[2] | 15.53[2] | 14h29m 43.0s | −62° 40′ 46″ | 768.87(029)[5][6] | [7] |
4.3650(68) | α Centauri A (HD 128620) | 2 | G2V[2] | 0.01[2] | 4.38[2] | 14h39m 36.5s | −60° 50′ 02″ | 747.23(117)[5][8] | |||
α Centauri B (HD 128621) | 2 | K1V[2] | 1.34[2] | 5.71[2] | 14h39m 35.1s | −60° 50′ 14″ | has one known planet[9] | ||||
2 | 5.9630(109) | Barnard's Star (BD+04°3561a) | 4 | M4.0Ve | 9.53[2] | 13.22[2] | 17h57m 48.5s | +04° 41′ 36″ | 546.98(1 00)[5][6] | largest known proper motion of any star relative to the Sun[10] | |
3 | 7.7825(390) | Wolf 359 (CN Leonis) | 5 | M6.0V[2] | 13.44[2] | 16.55[2] | 10h56m 29.2s | +07° 00′ 53″ | 419.10(210)[5] | ||
4 | 8.2905(148) | Lalande 21185 (BD+36°2147) | 6 | M2.0V[2] | 7.47[2] | 10.44[2] | 11h03m 20.2s | +35° 58′ 12″ | 393.42(070)[5][6] | ||
5 | 8.5828(289) | Sirius (α Canis Majoris) |
Sirius A | 7 | A1V[2] | −1.46[2] | 1.42[2] | 06h45m 08.9s | −16° 42′ 58″ | 380.02(128)[5][6] | brightest star in the sky |
Sirius B | 7 | DA2[2] | 8.44[2] | 11.34[2] | |||||||
6 | 8.7280(631) | Luyten 726-8 | Luyten 726-8 A (BL Ceti) | 9 | M5.5Ve | 12.54[2] | 15.40[2] | 01h39m 01.3s | −17° 57′ 01″ | 373.70(270)[5] | |
Luyten 726-8 B (UV Ceti) | 10 | M6.0Ve | 12.99[2] | 15.85[2] | |||||||
7 | 9.6813(512) | Ross 154 (V1216 Sagittarii) | 11 | M3.5Ve | 10.43[2] | 13.07[2] | 18h49m 49.4s | −23° 50′ 10″ | 336.90(178)[5][6] | ||
8 | 10.322(36) | Ross 248 (HH Andromedae) | 12 | M5.5Ve | 12.29[2] | 14.79[2] | 23h41m 54.7s | +44° 10′ 30″ | 316.00(110)[5] | ||
9 | 10.522(27) | Epsilon Eridani (BD−09°697) | 13 | K2V[2] | 3.73[2] | 6.19[2] | 03h32m 55.8s | −09° 27′ 30″ | 309.99(079)[5][6] | believed to have two known planets[11] | |
10 | 10.742(31) | Lacaille 9352 (CD−36°15693) | 14 | M1.5Ve | 7.34[2] | 9.75[2] | 23h05m 52.0s | −35° 51′ 11″ | 303.64(087)[5][6] | ||
11 | 10.919(49) | Ross 128 (FI Virginis) | 15 | M4.0Vn | 11.13[2] | 13.51[2] | 11h47m 44.4s | +00° 48′ 16″ | 298.72(135)[5][6] | ||
12 | 11.1[12] | WISE 1506+7027 | 16 | T6 | 14.3 J | 15h06m 49.9s | +70° 27′ 36″ | nearest known brown dwarf to Sun? | |||
13 | 11.266(171) | EZ Aquarii (Gliese 866, Luyten 789-6) |
EZ Aquarii A | 17 | M5.0Ve | 13.33[2] | 15.64[2] | 22h38m 33.4s | −15° 18′ 07″ | 289.50(440)[5] | |
EZ Aquarii B | 17 | M? | 13.27[2] | 15.58[2] | |||||||
EZ Aquarii C | 17 | M? | 14.03[2] | 16.34[2] | |||||||
14 | 11.402(32) | Procyon (α Canis Minoris) |
Procyon A | 20 | F5V–IV[2] | 0.38[2] | 2.66[2] | 07h39m 18.1s | +05° 13′ 30″ | 286.05(081)[5][6] | |
Procyon B | 20 | DQZ[2] | 10.70[2] | 12.98[2] | |||||||
15 | 11.403(22) | 61 Cygni | 61 Cygni A (BD+38°4343) | 22 | K5.0V[2] | 5.21[2] | 7.49[2] | 21h06m 53.9s | +38° 44′ 58″ | 286.04(056)[5][6] | first star (other than Sun) to have its distance measured[13] |
61 Cygni B (BD+38°4344) | 22 | K7.0V[2] | 6.03[2] | 8.31[2] | 21h06m 55.3s | +38° 44′ 31″ | |||||
16 | 11.525(69) | Struve 2398 (Gliese 725, BD+59°1915) |
Struve 2398 A (HD 173739) | 24 | M3.0V[2] | 8.90[2] | 11.16[2] | 18h42m 46.7s | +59° 37′ 49″ | 283.00(169)[5][6] | |
Struve 2398 B (HD 173740) | 24 | M3.5V[2] | 9.69[2] | 11.95[2] | 18h42m 46.9s | +59° 37′ 37″ | |||||
17 | 11.624(39) | Groombridge 34 (Gliese 15) |
Groombridge 34 A (GX Andromedae) | 26 | M1.5V[2] | 8.08[2] | 10.32[2] | 0h18m 22.9s | +44° 01′ 23″ | 280.59(095)[5][6] | |
Groombridge 34 B (GQ Andromedae) | 26 | M3.5V[2] | 11.06[2] | 13.30[2] | |||||||
18 | 11.824(30) | Epsilon Indi (CPD−57°10015) |
Epsilon Indi A | 28 | K5Ve[2] | 4.69[2] | 6.89[2] | 22h03m 21.7s | −56° 47′ 10″ | 275.84(069)[5][6] | |
Epsilon Indi Ba | 28 | T1.0V | 12.3 J[14] | 22h04m 10.5s | −56° 46′ 58″ | ||||||
Epsilon Indi Bb | 28 | T6.0V | 13.2 J[14] | ||||||||
19 | 11.826(129) | DX Cancri (G 51-15) | 31 | M6.5Ve | 14.78[2] | 16.98[2] | 08h29m 49.5s | +26° 46′ 37″ | 275.80(300)[5] | ||
20 | 11.887(33) | Tau Ceti (BD−16°295) | 32 | G8Vp[2] | 3.49[2] | 5.68[2] | 01h44m 04.1s | −15° 56′ 15″ | 274.39(076)[5][6] | Nearest G-type single star to Sol and believed to have five known planets | |
21 | 11.991(57) | GJ 1061 (LHS 1565) | 33 | M5.5V[2] | 13.09[2] | 15.26[2] | 03h35m 59.7s | −44° 30′ 45″ | 272.01(130)[15] | [16][17] | |
22 | 12.1[12] | WISE 0350-5658 | 34 | Y1 | >22.8 J[18] | 03h50m | −56° 58′ | 238 [18] | |||
23 | 12.132(133) | YZ Ceti (LHS 138) | 35 | M4.5V[2] | 12.02[2] | 14.17[2] | 01h12m 30.6s | −16° 59′ 56″ | 268.84(295)[5][6] | ||
24 | 12.366(59) | Luyten's Star (BD+05°1668) | 36 | M3.5Vn | 9.86[2] | 11.97[2] | 07h27m 24.5s | +05° 13′ 33″ | 263.76(125)[5][6] | ||
25 | 12.514(129) | Teegarden's star (SO025300.5+165258) | 37 | M6.5V | 15.14[2] | 17.22[2] | 02h53m 00.9s | +16° 52′ 53″ | 260.63(269)[15] | [17] | |
26 | 12.571(54) | SCR 1845-6357 | SCR 1845-6357 A | 38 | M8.5V[2] | 17.39 | 19.41 | 18h45m 05.3s | −63° 57′ 48″ | 259.45(111)[15] | [17] |
SCR 1845-6357 B | 38 | T6[19] | 13.3 J[14] | 18h45m 02.6s | −63° 57′ 52″ | ||||||
27 | 12.777(43) | Kapteyn's Star (CD−45°1841) | 40 | M1.5V[2] | 8.84[2] | 10.87[2] | 05h11m 40.6s | −45° 01′ 06″ | 255.27(086)[5][6] | ||
28 | 12.870(57) | Lacaille 8760 (AX Microscopii) | 41 | M0.0V[2] | 6.67[2] | 8.69[2] | 21h17m 15.3s | −38° 52′ 03″ | 253.43(112)[5][6] | ||
29 | 13.149(74) | Kruger 60 (BD+56°2783) |
Kruger 60 A | 42 | M3.0V[2] | 9.79[2] | 11.76[2] | 22h27m 59.5s | +57° 41′ 45″ | 248.06(139)[5][8] | |
Kruger 60 B (DO Cephei) | 42 | M4.0V[2] | 11.41[2] | 13.38[2] | |||||||
30 | 13.167(82) | DEN 1048-3956 | 44 | M8.5V[2] | 17.39[2] | 19.37[2] | 10h48m 14.7s | −39° 56′ 06″ | 247.71(155)[15] | [20][21] | |
31 | 13.259 | UGPS 0722-05 | 45 | T9[2] | 16.52 J[22] | 07h22m 27.3s | –05° 40′ 30″ | 246 | [23] | ||
32 | 13.349(110) | Ross 614 (V577 Monocerotis, Gliese 234) |
Ross 614A (LHS 1849) | 46 | M4.5V[2] | 11.15[2] | 13.09[2] | 06h29m 23.4s | −02° 48′ 50″ | 244.34(201)[5][8] | |
Ross 614B (LHS 1850) | 46 | M5.5V | 14.23[2] | 16.17[2] | |||||||
33 | 13.7[12] | WISE 0410+1502 | 48 | Y0 | 19.3 J | 04h10m 22.79s | +15° 02′ 47″ | ||||
34 | 13.820(98) | Wolf 1061 (Gliese 628, BD−12°4523) | 49 | M3.0V[2] | 10.07[2] | 11.93[2] | 16h30m 18.1s | −12° 39′ 45″ | 236.01(167)[5][6] | ||
35 | 14.066(109) | Van Maanen's star (Gliese 35, LHS 7) | 50 | DZ7[2] | 12.38[2] | 14.21[2] | 00h49m 09.9s | +05° 23′ 19″ | 231.88(179)[5][6] | ||
36 | 14.231(66) | Gliese 1 (CD−37°15492) | 51 | M3.0V[2] | 8.55[2] | 10.35[2] | 00h05m 24.4s | −37° 21′ 27″ | 229.20(107)[5][6] | ||
37 | 14.312(289) | Wolf 424 (FL Virginis, LHS 333, Gliese 473) |
Wolf 424 A | 52 | M5.5Ve | 13.18[2] | 14.97[2] | 12h33m 17.2s | +09° 01′ 15″ | 227.90(460)[5] | |
Wolf 424 B | 52 | M7Ve | 13.17[2] | 14.96[2] | |||||||
38 | 14.509(187) | TZ Arietis (Gliese 83.1, Luyten 1159-16) | 54 | M4.5V[2] | 12.27[2] | 14.03[2] | 02h00m 13.2s | +13° 03′ 08″ | 224.80(290)[5] | ||
39 | 14.793(55) | Gliese 687 (LHS 450, BD+68°946) | 55 | M3.0V[2] | 9.17[2] | 10.89[2] | 17h36m 25.9s | +68° 20′ 21″ | 220.49(082)[5][6] | ||
40 | 14.805(242) | LHS 292 (LP 731-58) | 56 | M6.5V[2] | 15.60[2] | 17.32[2] | 10h48m 12.6s | −11° 20′ 14″ | 220.30(360)[5] | ||
41 | 14.809(107) | Gliese 674 (LHS 449) | 57 | M3.0V[2] | 9.38[2] | 11.09[2] | 17h28m 39.9s | −46° 53′ 43″ | 220.25(159)[5][6] | has one known planet[24] | |
42 | 14.812(67) | GJ 1245 | GJ 1245 A | 58 | M5.5V[2] | 13.46[2] | 15.17[2] | 19h53m 54.2s | +44° 24′ 55″ | 220.20(100)[5] | |
GJ 1245 B | 58 | M6.0V[2] | 14.01[2] | 15.72[2] | 19h53m 55.2s | +44° 24′ 56″ | |||||
GJ 1245 C | 58 | M5.5 | 16.75[2] | 18.46[2] | 19h53m 54.2s | +44° 24′ 55″ | |||||
43 | 15.060(140) | Gliese 440 (WD 1142-645) | 61 | DQ6[2] | 11.50[2] | 13.18[2] | 11h45m 42.9s | −64° 50′ 29″ | 216.57(201)[5][6] | ||
44 | 15.313(259) | GJ 1002 | 62 | M5.5V[2] | 13.76[2] | 15.40[2] | 00h06m 43.8s | −07° 32′ 22″ | 213.00(360)[5] | ||
45 | 15.342(141) | Gliese 876 (Ross 780) | 63 | M3.5V[2] | 10.17[2] | 11.81[2] | 22h53m 16.7s | −14° 15′ 49″ | 212.59(196)[5][6] | has four known planets[25] | |
46 | 15.610(204) | LHS 288 (Luyten 143-23) | 64 | M5.5V[2] | 13.90[2] | 15.51[2] | 10h44m 21.2s | −61° 12′ 36″ | 208.95(273)[15] | [17] | |
47 | 15.757[18] | WISE 1405+5534 | 65 | Y0p | 20.09 J[18] | 14h05m | +55° 34′ | 207 [18] | |||
48 | 15.832(83) | Gliese 412 | Gliese 412 A | 66 | M1.0V[2] | 8.77[2] | 10.34[2] | 11h05m 28.6s | +43° 31′ 36″ | 206.02(108)[5][6] | |
Gliese 412 B (WX Ursae Majoris) | 66 | M5.5V[2] | 14.48[2] | 16.05[2] | 11h05m 30.4s | +43° 31′ 18″ | |||||
49 | 15.848(52) | Groombridge 1618 (Gliese 380) | 68 | K7.0V[2] | 6.59[2] | 8.16[2] | 10h11m 22.1s | +49° 27′ 15″ | 205.81(067)[5][6] | ||
50 | 15.942(218) | AD Leonis | 69 | M3.0V[2] | 9.32[2] | 10.87[2] | 10h19m 36.4s | +19° 52′ 10″ | 204.60(280)[5] | ||
51 | 16.067[18] | DENIS J081730.0-615520 | 70 | T6 | 08h17m | −61° 55′ | 203 [18] | ||||
52 | 16.085(105) | Gliese 832 | 71 | M3.0V[2] | 8.66[2] | 10.20[2] | 21h33m 34.0s | −49° 00′ 32″ | 202.78(132)[5][6] | has one known planet[26] | |
53 | 16.195(338) | LP 944-020 | 72 | M9.0V[2] | 18.50[2] | 20.02[2] | 03h39m 35.2s | −35° 25′ 41″ | 201.40(420)[27] | ||
54 | 16.197(313) | DEN 0255-4700 | 73 | L7.5V[2] | 22.92[2] | 24.44[2] | 02h55m 03.7s | −47° 00′ 52″ | 201.37(389)[15] | [21] | |
# | Distance[3] Light-years (±err) |
System | Star | Star # | Stellar class | Apparent magnitude (mV or mJ) | Absolute magnitude (MV or MJ) | Right ascension[2] | Declination[2] | Parallax[2][4] mas(±err) |
Additional references |
Designation | Epoch J2000.0 |
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Italic are systems without known trigonometric parallax. |