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第三政党制 (アメリカ合衆国)

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』

: Third Party System使18541890

"GOP"1874189218561884189231876[1]西1876[2]

[]


5[3]

[]


186818961896沿[4]

: []


[5]

504119181932[6]
19世紀後半、アメリカ合衆国北部の宗教による投票動向
宗教 民主党支持率 共和党支持率
移民
アイルランド系カトリック教徒 80 20
カトリック教徒全体 70 30
ドイツ・ルーテル派信条主義 65 35
ドイツ改革派 60 40
フランス系カナダ人のカトリック教徒 50 50
ドイツ・ルーテル派弱い信条主義 45 55
イギリス系カナダ人 40 60
イギリス家系 35 65
ドイツ・セクタリアン 30 70
ノルウェー・ルーテル派 20 80
スウェーデンルーテル派 15 85
ハウジアン・ノルウェー 5 95
アメリカ生まれ
北部
クエーカー 5 95
自由意志バプテスト 20 80
福音主義 25 75
メソジスト 25 75
通常のバプテスト 35 65
黒人 40 60
長老派教会 40 60
監督派教会 45 55
南部
規律派教会 50 50
長老派教会 70 30
バプテスト 75 25
メソジスト 90 10
Source: Paul Kleppner, The Third Electoral System 1853-1892 (1979) p. 182

1850年代の再編[編集]


1852185618581860

[]


185618561856186018601860340[7]

[]


[8]調186118629186218641864[9]

[]


18771854退187218701874使[2]
1881

18761877[10]

1890-1896[]


18801888189018901892[11]

21893-18971893西 (Populists)18941896西1535調西使1使

西51900201[11]

1896[]


10050018963350[12]

3[]


1933193[13]

第四政党制、1896年-1932年[編集]


190030[14]18961932

調191232[15]

脚注[編集]

  1. ^ James E. Campbell, "Party Systems and Realignments in the United States, 1868-2004," Social Science History Fall 2006, Vol. 30 Issue 3, pp 359-386
  2. ^ a b Foner (1988)
  3. ^ Kleppner (1979) gives detailed reports on voter behavior in every region.
  4. ^ Kleppner (1979); Jensen (1971)
  5. ^ Kleppner (1979)
  6. ^ Kleppner (1979)
  7. ^ Foner (1995); Silbey (1991)
  8. ^ Paludan pg. 25. Paludan writes of Lincoln's political skills, "He was an excellent political leader at a time when parties provided unity and direction for governmental behavior and were sources of intense interest throughout the polity. He knew how to organize political strength, how to encourage his supporters to achieve their ends.... During the war when lawmakers began to question and at times to challenge decisions he had made or intrude on executive prerogatives, his political skills would find important uses. But there was a much deeper level to Lincoln's political skills than his ability to maneuver and to balance factions; there was the quality of the man himself. He possessed a basic self-knowledge and security that allowed him to negotiate and discuss and converse with friends and political foes while respecting their intrinsic integrity."
  9. ^ Silbey (1991); Hansen (1980)
  10. ^ Vincent P. De Santis, Republicans Face the Southern Question (1969)
  11. ^ a b Jensen (1971)
  12. ^ Jensen (1971) ch 10; Keller (1977)
  13. ^ See Voss-Hubbard (1999); Keller (1977)
  14. ^ Walter Dean Burnham, "Periodization Schemes and 'Party Systems': The 'System of 1896' as a Case in Point" Social Science History, Vol. 10, No. 3, 263-314.
  15. ^ McGerr (2003)

参考文献[編集]

  • Bensel, Richard Franklin. The Political Economy of American Industrialization, 1877-1900 (2000)
  • Calhoun, Charles W. From Bloody Shirt to Full Dinner Pail: The Transformation of Politics and Governance in the Gilded Age (2010) excerpt and text search
  • Calhoun, Charles W. Minority Victory: Gilded Age Politics and the Front Porch Campaign of 1888 (2008) 243 pp.
  • Campbell, James E. "Party Systems and Realignments in the United States, 1868-2004," Social Science History, Fall 2006, Vol. 30 Issue 3, pp 359-386
  • Cherny, Robert. American Politics in the Gilded Age 1868-1900 (1997)
  • DeCanio, Samuel. "Religion and Nineteenth-Century Voting Behavior: A New Look at Some Old Data" Journal of Politics, 2007 69: 339-350
  • Dinkin, Robert J. Campaigning in America: A History of Election Practices. (Greenwood 1989)
  • Foner; Eric Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War (1995). .
  • Foner, Eric. Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877 (1988)
  • Gienap, William E. The Origins of the Republican Party, 1852-1856. 1987.
  • Gienap, William E. "Politics Seem to Enter into Everything": Political Culture in the North, 1840-1860," in Gienapp et al., eds. Essays on American Antebellum Politics, 1840-1860 (1982) online edition pp 15-79
  • Hansen, Stephen L. The Making of the Third Party System: Voters and Parties in Illinois, 1850-1876. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1980. 280 pp.
  • Holt, Michael F. The Political Crisis of the 1850s (1978).
  • Holt, Michael F. "The Primacy of Party Reasserted." Journal of American History 1999 86(1): 151-157. in JSTOR
  • James, Scott C. Presidents, Parties, and the State: A Party System Perspective on Democratic Regulatory Choice, 1884-1936. (2000). 307 pp.
  • Jensen, Richard. The Winning of the Midwest: Social and Political Conflict, 1888-1896 (1971)
  • Jensen, Richard. "Democracy, Republicanism and Efficiency: The Values of American Politics, 1885-1930," in Byron Shafer and Anthony Badger, eds, Contesting Democracy: Substance and Structure in American Political History, 1775-2000 (U of Kansas Press, 2001) pp 149-180; online version
  • Josephson, Matthew. The Politicos: 1865-1896 (1938).
  • Keller, Morton. Affairs of State: Public Life in Late Nineteenth Century America (1977).
  • Keller, Morton. America's Three Regimes: A New Political History (2007) 384pp.
  • Kleppner; Paul. The Third Electoral System 1853-1892: Parties, Voters, and Political Cultures (1979), the most important and detailed analysis of voting behavior. online edition
  • Klinghard, Daniel. The Nationalization of American Political Parties, 1880-1896 (2010) excerpt and text search, political science perspective
  • Lynch, G. Patrick "U.S. Presidential Elections in the Nineteenth Century: Why Culture and the Economy Both Mattered." Polity 35#1 (2002) pp 29+. online version, focus on 1884
  • McGerr, Michael. A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America, 1870-1920 (2003)
  • Miller, Worth Robert. "The Lost World of Gilded Age Politics," Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era vol 1, no. 1 (January 2002): 49-67, online edition
  • Morgan, H. Wayne. From Hayes to McKinley: National Party Politics, 1877-1896 (1969) online edition
  • Ostrogorski, M. Democracy and the Party System in the United States, (1910) classic analysis, emphasizing party operations and corruption; online edition
  • Paludan, Phillip Shaw. The Presidency of Abraham Lincoln.(1994) ISBN 0-7006-0745-5
  • Postel, Charles. The Populist Vision (2007) excerpt and text search
  • Potter, David. The Impending Crisis 1848–1861. (1976); Pulitzer Prize
  • Rhodes, James Ford. History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 to the Roosevelt-Taft Administration (1920), 8 vol. highly detailed narrative from 1850 to 1909 online edition
  • Schlesinger, Jr., Arthur M. ed. History of American Presidential Elections. 4 vols. (1971). articles by scholars on each election, plus primary sources
  • Silbey, Joel. The American Political Nation, 1838-1893 (1991). online edition
  • Smith, Adam I. P. No Party Now: Politics in the Civil War North (2006)excerpt and text search
  • Summers, Mark Wahlgren. The Era of Good Stealings (1993), covers corruption 1868-1877
  • Summers, Mark Wahlgren. Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion: The Making of a President, 1884 (2000) (online version
  • Summers, Mark Wahlgren. Party Games: Getting, Keeping, and Using Power in Gilded Age Politics (2003) excerpt and text search
  • Summers, Mark Wahlgren.The Press Gang: Newspapers and Politics, 1865-1878 (1994)
  • Voss-Hubbard, Mark. "The 'Third Party Tradition' Reconsidered: Third Parties and American Public Life, 1830-1900." Journal of American History 1999 86(1): 121-150. in JSTOR

Primary sources[編集]

関連項目[編集]

外部リンク[編集]