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19世紀アメリカ合衆国の選挙運動

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』

1919: American election campaigns in the 19th century19[1]18561918441877

182818321854185618961896

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19[2]退 [3]179018303[4]

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1800使1812183018601912[5]

18961830[6]

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[7]1866-1876西西1898[8]西[9]

19西9095100調[10]

[]


[11]

2201850調1,6301183便19001,000[12][13]

[]


19251848西退191896[14]

[]


[15]1800182818241832使[16]1856使18721896[17]

[]


1820184080[18]1848191860811912[19]

脚注[編集]

  1. ^ H. J. Hanham, Elections and Party Management: Politics in the Time of Disraeli and Gladstone (1978) p. x
  2. ^ Robert J. Dinkin, Campaigning in America: a history of election practices (1989) p 93
  3. ^ Ostrogorski, Moisei (1910). Democracy and the party system in the United States: a study in extra-constitutional government. https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=HmkPAAAAYAAJ&redir_esc=y&hl=ja 
  4. ^ William B. Hesseltine, The Rise and Fall of Third Parties (1992), ch 1-2
  5. ^ William Safire, Safire's political dictionary (2008) p 308
  6. ^ Peter H. Argersinger, "'A Place on the Ballot': Fusion Politics and Antifusion Laws," American Historical Review in JSTOR
  7. ^ Richard L. McCormick, "Ethno-Cultural Interpretations of Nineteenth-Century American Voting Behavior," Political Science Quarterly (June 1974), 89#2 pp. 351-377in JSTOR
  8. ^ Daniel Walker Howe, The Political Culture of the American Whigs (1984) p. 183
  9. ^ Major L. Wilson, Space, Time, and Freedom: The Quest for Nationality and the Irrepressible Conflict, 1815-1861 (1974) ch 3
  10. ^ Jensen, The Winning of the Midwest (1971) ch 2
  11. ^ Moisei Ostrogorski, Democracy and the organization of political parties (1902) vol 2 pp 280-98 online
  12. ^ Richard Lee Kaplan, Politics and the American press: the rise of objectivity, 1865-1920 (2002) p. 76
  13. ^ Mark W. Summers, The Press Gang: Newspapers and Politics, 1865-1878 (1994)
  14. ^ Mark Wahlgren Summers, The Era of Good Stealings (1993), ch 1
  15. ^ Leon D. Epstein, Political parties in the American mold (1989) p. 109
  16. ^ Michael F. Holt, The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party (2003) p. 17
  17. ^ Richard J. Jensen (1971). The winning of the Midwest: social and political conflict, 1888-1896. U. of Chicago Press. pp. 284–6. ISBN 978-0-226-39825-9. https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=XpCgCNZwpvoC&pg=PA284&redir_esc=y&hl=ja 
  18. ^ Alexander Keyssar (2009). The right to vote: the contested history of democracy in the United States. Basic Books. pp. 26–52. ISBN 978-0-465-00502-4. https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=UijIgQP0xF8C&pg=PA49&redir_esc=y&hl=ja 
  19. ^ Nathan Fine, Labor and Farmer Parties in the United States 1828-1928 (1961) ch 1

参考文献[編集]

  • Baker, Jean. Affairs of Party: The Political Culture of Northern Democrats in the Mid-Nineteenth Century. Cornell University Press, 1983.
  • Calhoun, Charles W. Minority Victory: Gilded Age Politics and the Front Porch Campaign of 1888 (2008) 243 pp.
  • Clubb, Jerome M., William H. Flanigan, Nancy H. Zingale. Partisan Realignment: Voters, Parties, and Government in American History (1990)
  • Dinkin, Robert J. Campaigning in America: A History of Election Practice 1989.
  • Ellis, Richard J. and Kirk, Stephen. "Presidential Mandates in the Nineteenth Century: Conceptual Change and Institutional Development" Studies in American Political Development 1995 9(1): 117-186. Issn: 0898-588x
  • Gerring, John. Party Ideologies in America, 1828-1996 1998.
  • Gienap, William E. The Origins of the Republican Party, 1852-1856 (Harvard University Press, 1987)
  • Gould, Lewis L. Grand Old Party: A History of the Republicans Random House, 2003.
  • Jensen, Richard J. (1971). The winning of the Midwest: social and political conflict, 1888-1896. U. of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-39825-9. https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=XpCgCNZwpvoC&pg=PA238&redir_esc=y&hl=ja 
  • Jensen, Richard. "Armies, Admen, and Crusaders: Types of Presidential Election Campaigns," The History Teacher, Vol. 2, No. 2 (Jan., 1969), pp. 33-50 in JSTOR
  • Josephson, Matthew (1938). The Politicos: 1865–1896 
  • Keller, Morton (1977). Affairs of State: Public Life in Late Nineteenth Century America 
  • Kleppner, Paul (1979). The Third Electoral System 1853-1892: Parties, Voters, and Political Cultures 
  • Lynch, G. Patrick "U.S. Presidential Elections in the Nineteenth Century: Why Culture and the Economy Both Mattered." Polity 35#1 (2002) pp 29+. focus on 1884
  • McCormick, Richard P. The Second American Party System: Party Formation in the Jacksonian Era (University of North Carolina Press, 1966). excerpt and text search
  • Maisel, L. Sandy, ed. Political Parties and Elections in the United States: An Encyclopedia. Garland, 1991.
  • Morgan, H. Wayne (1969). From Hayes to McKinley: National Party Politics, 1877–1896 
  • Ostrogorski, M. Democracy and the organization of political parties (1902) vol 2
  • Rhodes, James Ford (1920) (8 vols.). History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 to the Roosevelt-Taft Administration 
  • Rosenof, Theodore . Realignment: The Theory That Changed the Way We Think about American Politics (2003)
  • Schlesinger, Arthur, and Fred Israel (eds.) History of Presidential Elections: Volume III 1848-1896, ed. 1971),
  • Shafer, Byron E. and Anthony J. Badger, eds. Contesting Democracy: Substance and Structure in American Political History, 1775-2000 (2001), long essays by specialists on each time period:
    • includes: "State Development in the Early Republic: 1775–1840" by Ronald P. Formisano; "The Nationalization and Racialization of American Politics: 1790–1840" by David Waldstreicher; "'To One or Another of These Parties Every Man Belongs;": 1820–1865 by Joel H. Silbey; "Change and Continuity in the Party Period: 1835–1885" by Michael F. Holt; "The Transformation of American Politics: 1865–1910" by Peter H. Argersinger; "Democracy, Republicanism, and Efficiency: 1885–1930" by Richard Jensen; etc.
  • Silbey, Joel H. Party Over Section: The Rough and Ready Presidential Election of 1848 (2009), 205 pp.
  • Silbey, Joel. The American Political Nation, 1838-1893. (1991).
  • Summers, Mark Wahlgren. Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion: The Making of a President, 1884 (2000) online version
  • Summers, Mark Wahlgren. Party Games: Getting, Keeping, and Using Power in Gilded Age Politics (2003) excerpt and text search
  • Summers, Mark Wahlgren. The Era of Good Stealings (1993), covers corruption 1868-1877

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