Contents

1882 United States House of Representatives elections: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 20:06, 10 February 2021

1882 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1880 November 7, 1882[a] 1884 →
All 325 seats in the United States House of Representatives 163 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader John G. Carlisle J. Warren Keifer Party Democratic Republican Leader's seat Kentucky 6th Ohio 8th Last election 128 seats 151 seats Seats won 196[1][b] 117[1][b] Seat change 68 34 Popular vote 3,968,021 3,376,726 Percentage 48.90% 41.61% Swing 1.22% 3.33%   Third party Fourth party   Party Readjuster Greenback Last election 2 seats[c] 10 seats Seats won 4[1][d] 2[1] Seat change 2 8 Popular vote 99,992 248,327 Percentage 1.23% 3.06% Swing 0.61% 2.49%   Fifth party Sixth party   Party Liberal Independent Last election 0 seats 1 seats[f] Seats won 1[e] 3[g][h] Seat change 1 2 Popular vote 113,789 282,297 Percentage 1.40% 3.48% Swing New 2.38%
Elections results from the 1882 elections
Speaker before election Joseph Keifer Republican Elected Speaker John Carlisle Democratic

Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1882 for the 48th Congress, during President Chester A. Arthur's term.

Arthur's Republican Party was badly defeated, losing its majority to the opposition Democratic Party after a campaign that focused on the resistance of Republican leaders to reforming the Spoils system under which government jobs were handed to supporters of winning candidates. After the election, Arthur agreed with the Democrats to pass the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing a professional civil service. However, his actions were too late, as the image of the Republican Party as corrupt was already engrained in the minds of voters. This election also saw the decline of the pro-paper money Greenback Party, and the pick up of several Virginian seats by the Readjuster Party which promoted fiscal responsibility and shunned elitism, though the Virginia-based Readjuster Party all but disappeared following this election.

Following the 1880 Census, 32 new seats were apportioned.^[2] Three States lost 1 seat each, 13 States had no change in apportionment, 14 States gained 1 seat each, 6 States gained 2 seats, 1 State gained 4 seats, and 1 State gained 5 seats. Several States that gained one or more seats did not redistrict immediately, electing the new members at-large, while one state (Maine) which lost a member also delayed redistricting, electing all of its members at-large for this Congress only.

State	Type	Total seats		Democratic		Republican		Others
		Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	8		7	1	1		0
Arkansas	District + at-large[j]	5	1	5	1	0		0
California	District + 2 at-large[j]	6	2	6	4	0	2	0
Colorado	At-large	1		0		1		0
Connecticut	District	4		3	2	1	2	0
Delaware	At-large	1		1		0		0
Florida	District	2		1		1		0
Georgia	District + at-large[j]	10	1	10	1	0		0
Illinois	District	20	1	9[k]	3	11	2	0
Indiana	District	13		10	5	3	5	0
Iowa[l]	District	11	2	3	2	7	1	1[m]	1
Kansas	District + 4 at-large[j]	7	4	0		7	4	0
Kentucky	District	11	1	9[k]		2	1	0
Louisiana	District	6		5		1		0
Maine[l]	At-large[n]	4	1	0		4	1	0	2[m]
Maryland	District	6		4	1	2	1	0
Massachusetts	District	12	1	3	2	9[g]	1	0
Michigan	District	11	2	6	6	5	4	0
Minnesota	District	5	2	0		5	2	0
Mississippi	District	7	1	5	1	1	1	1[o]	1
Missouri	District	14	1	14	6	0	1	0	4[m]
Nebraska	District[p]	3	2	0		3	2	0
Nevada	At-large	1		1		0		0
New Hampshire	District	2	1	0		2	1	0
New Jersey	District	7		3		4		0
New York	District + at-large[j]	34	1	21	1	13	1	0	1[o]
North Carolina	District + at-large[j]	9	1	7[k]		2	1	0
Ohio[l]	District	21	1	15	10	6	9	0
Oregon[l]	At-large	1		0		1		0
Pennsylvania	District + at-large[j]	28	1	12	5	15	3	1[m]	1
Rhode Island	District	2		0		2		0
South Carolina	District	7	2	6	1	1	1	0
Tennessee	District	10		8	1	2	1	0
Texas	District	11	5	10	5	0		1[o]	[q]
Vermont[l]	District	2	1	0		2	1	0
Virginia	District + at-large[j]	10	1	6	1	0	2	4[d]	4[r]
West Virginia	District	4	1	3		1	1	0
Wisconsin	District	9	1	6		3	1	0
Total		325	32	199[1][s] 61.2%	59	118[1][g] 36.3%	26	8[1] 2.8%	2

There were 8 members elected from third parties, 4 from the Virginia-based Readjuster Party, 2 from the declining Greenback Party, and 2 Independents. The previous election of 1880 had had 10 Greenbacks and 1 Independent.

Five states, with 39 seats among them, held elections before the others:

• June 5, 1882: Oregon
• September 5, 1882: Vermont
• September 8, 1882: Maine
• October 10, 1882: Iowa and Ohio

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2020)

There were four special elections in 1882 during the 47th United States Congress.

Elections are listed by date and district.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California 1	William Rosecrans	Democratic	1880	Incumbent re-elected.	Y William Rosecrans (Democratic) 59.5% Paul Neuman (Republican) 38.8% James McMillan Shafter (Prohibition) 1.5% H. S. Fitch (Greenback) 0.2%
California 2	Horace F. Page	Republican	1872	Lost re-election Democratic gain.	Y James Budd (Democratic) 50.5% Horace F. Page (Republican) 48.1% J. L. Coles (Prohibition) 1.2% F. J. Woodward (Greenback) 0.2%
California 3	Campbell P. Berry	Democratic	1879	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	Y Barclay Henley (Democratic) 51.3% John J. De Haven (Republican) 45.8% H. S. Graves (Prohibition) 2% W. O. Howe (Greenback) 0.9%
California 4	Romualdo Pacheco	Republican	1876	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y Pleasant B. Tully (Democratic) 54.4% George L. Woods (Republican) 43.3% M. V. Wright (Prohibition) 1.5% Isaac Kinley (Greenback) 0.8%
California at-large 2 seats on a general ticket	None (New seat)			New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain.	Y John R. Glascock (Democratic) 26.5% Y Charles A. Sumner (Democratic) 26.5% William W. Morrow (Republican) 22.4% Henry Edgerton (Republican) 22.3% A. B. Hotchkiss (Prohibition) 0.8% Jesse Yarnell (Prohibition) 0.8% Warren Chase (Greenback) 0.3% Stephen Maybell (Greenback) 0.3%
	None (New seat)			New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain.

Missouri gained one seat in reapportionment. After redistricting and the new elections, the delegation went from 7 Democrats, 4 Greenbacks, and 2 Republicans, to a solid slate of 14 Democrats.

The Liberal Anti-Prohibition Party was formed following the failure of the first statewide referendum on Prohibition in 1881. Throughout most of North Carolina, the moribund Republican Party merged into the new party and scored impressive gains in the 1882 elections. By early 1884, however, the LAP was dissolving, and they are listed here synonymously with the Republican Party.

• 1882 United States elections
  • 1882 and 1883 United States Senate elections
• 47th United States Congress
• 48th United States Congress

• Republican Congressional Committee, The Republican Campaign Text Book for 1882 (1882).
• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
• Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)