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(Top) 1 Uses 1.1 Animal reproduction 2 Pharmacology 2.1 Pharmacodynamics 3 Chemistry 4 Society and culture 4.1 Generic names 4.2 Brand names 5 References

Melengestrol acetate

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Melengestrol acetate
Clinical data

Trade names	Heifermax, MGA
Other names	MGA; MLA; MLGA; Melengesterol acetate; Methylsuperlutin; U-21240; BDH-1921; 17α-Acetoxy-16-methylene-6-methyl-6-dehydroprogesterone; 17α-Acetoxy-16-methylene-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione
Drug class	Progestogen; Progestin; Progestogen ester
ATC code	None
Identifiers
IUPAC name [(8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-acetyl-6,10,13-trimethyl-16-methylidene-3-oxo-1,2,8,9,11,12,14,15-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] acetate
CAS Number	2919-66-6
PubChem CID	250948
DrugBank	DB14659
ChemSpider	219803
UNII	4W5HDS3936
KEGG	D04900
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5048184
ECHA InfoCard	100.018.964
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₂₅H₃₂O₄
Molar mass	396.527 g·mol⁻¹
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C4\C=C3\C(=C/[C@@H]1[C@H](CC[C@@]2([C@](OC(=O)C)(C(=C)\C[C@@H]12)C(=O)C)C)[C@@]3(C)CC4)C
InChI InChI=1S/C25H32O4/c1-14-11-19-20(23(5)9-7-18(28)13-21(14)23)8-10-24(6)22(19)12-15(2)25(24,16(3)26)29-17(4)27/h11,13,19-20,22H,2,7-10,12H2,1,3-6H3/t19-,20+,22+,23-,24+,25+/m1/s1 Key:UDKABVSQKJNZBH-DWNQPYOZSA-N

Melengestrol acetate (MLGA), sold under the brand names Heifermax and MGA among others, is a progestin medication which is used in animal reproduction.^[1]^[2] It is not approved for use in humans, and is instead used as an implantable contraceptive for captive animals in zoos and other refuges,^[3] and is also used as a feed additivetopromote growthincattle, a purpose it is licensed for in the United States and Canada.^[4]

Uses[edit]

Animal reproduction[edit]

MLGA is used in animal reproduction.^[3]^[4]

Pharmacology[edit]

Pharmacodynamics[edit]

MLGA is a progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor.^[5] It has been found to possess 73% of the affinityofprogesterone for the progesterone receptor in rhesus monkey uterus.^[5]

Chemistry[edit]

MLGA, also known as 17α-acetoxy-16-methylene-6-dehydro-6-methylprogesterone or as 17α-acetoxy-16-methylene-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione, is a synthetic pregnane steroid and a derivativeofprogesterone.^[1]^[2] It is specifically a derivative of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone with a methyl group at the C6 position, a methylene group at the C16 position, a double bond between the C6 and C7 positions, and an acetate ester at the C17α position.^[1]^[2] As such, it is also a derivative of 16-methylene-17α-hydroxyprogesterone acetate. MLGA is the acetate esterofmelengestrol, which in contrast, has never been marketed.^[1] Analogues of MLGA include other 17α-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives such as chlormadinone acetate, chlormethenmadinone acetate, cyproterone acetate, delmadinone acetate, hydroxyprogesterone caproate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate, methenmadinone acetate, and osaterone acetate.^[1] The only structural difference between MLGA and megestrol acetate is the presence of the C16 methylene group in the former.^[1]

Society and culture[edit]

Generic names[edit]

Melengestrol acetate is the generic name of the drug and its USANTooltip United States Adopted Name and USPTooltip United States Pharmacopeia.^[1]^[2] Melengestrol is the INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name and BANTooltip British Approved Name of the unesterified free alcohol form.^[1]^[2]

Brand names[edit]

MLGA is marketed under the brand names Heifermax and MGA among others.^[1]^[2]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Elks J (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 764–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Melengestrol". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017.

^ ^a ^b Asa CS, Porton IJ (2010). "Chapter 34: Contraception as a Management Tool for Controlling Surplus Animals". In Kleiman DG, Thompson KV, Baer CK (eds.). Wild Mammals in Captivity: Principles and Techniques for Zoo Management (2nd ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. pp. 469–482. ISBN 9780226440118. Retrieved 17 March 2016.

^ ^a ^b Sharman M, van Ginkel L, MacNeil JD (26 November 2009). "Chapter 4: Current Analytical Methods Used for the Detection of Hormone Residues". In Kay JF (ed.). Analyses for Hormonal Substances in Food-Producing Animals. Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 139. doi:10.1039/9781849730723-00129. ISBN 978-0-85404-198-5. Retrieved 27 May 2012.

^ ^a ^b Illingworth DV, Elsner C, De Groot K, Flickinger GL, Mikhail G (February 1977). "A specific progesterone receptor of myometrial cytosol from the rhesus monkey". Journal of Steroid Biochemistry. 8 (2): 157–160. doi:10.1016/0022-4731(77)90040-1. PMID 405534.