Essential oil
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Uses
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Notes
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Medicinal
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Aroma
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Flavour
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agar oiloroodh |
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Distilled from Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis). Highly prized for its fragrance.[1]
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ajwain |
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Distilled from the leaves of Bishop's weed (Carum copticum). Oil contains 35-65% thymol.[2]
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angelica |
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Distilled from the root of Angelica archangelica.[3]
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anise |
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From the Pimpinella anisum, rich odor of licorice, used medicinally.[4]
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asafoetida |
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Used medicinally and to flavor food
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balsam of Peru |
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From the Myroxylon, used in food and drink for flavoring, in perfumes and toiletries for fragrance, and in medicine and pharmaceutical items for healing properties.
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basil |
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Used in making perfumes, as well as in aromatherapy.
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bay |
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Used in perfumery; Aromatherapeutic for sprains, colds, flu, insomnia, rheumatism.
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bergamot |
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Used in aromatherapy and in perfumes.
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black pepper |
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Distilled from the berries of Piper nigrum. The warm, soothing effect makes it ideal for treating muscle aches, pains and strains and promoting healthy digestion. [according to whom?]
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buchu |
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Made from the buchu shrub. Considered toxic and no longer widely used.[citation needed] Formerly used medicinally.
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birch |
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Aromatheapeutic for gout, Rheumatism, Eczema, Ulcers.
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camphor |
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Used for cold, cough, fever, rheumatism, and arthritis.
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cannabis |
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Used as a flavoring in foods, primarily candy and beverages. Also used as a scent in perfumes, cosmetics, soaps, and candles.[5]
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calamondinorCalamansi |
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From a citrus tree in the Philippines extracted via cold press or steam distillation.
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caraway |
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Used a flavoring in foods. Also used in mouthwashes, toothpastes, etc. as a flavoring agent.[6]
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cardamom |
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Used in aromatherapy and other medicinal applications. Extracted from seeds of subspecies of Zingiberaceae (ginger). Also used as a fragrance in soaps, perfumes, etc.
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carrot seed oil |
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Used in aromatherapy.
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cedar oilorcedarwood oil |
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Primarily used in perfumes and fragrances.
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chamomile |
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There are many varieties of chamomile but only two are used in aromatherapy- Roman and German. Both have similar healing properties but German chamomile contains a higher level of azulin (an anti-inflammatory agent).
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calamus oil |
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Used medicinally, in perfumery and (formerly) as a food additive
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cinnamon oil |
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Used for flavoring and medicinally.
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citron oil |
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Used in Ayurvedic medicine and perfumery.
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Citronella oil |
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From a plant related to lemon grass is used as an insect repellent, as well as medicinally.
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clary sage oil |
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Used in perfumery and as an additive flavoring in some alcoholic beverages. [7]
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clove oil |
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Used as a topical anesthetic to relieve dental pain. [medical citation needed]
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coffee |
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Used to flavor food.
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coriander |
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costmary oilorbible leaf oil |
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Formerly used medicinally in Europe; still used as such in southwest Asia. [8] Discovered to contain up to 12.5% of the toxin ß-thujone. [9]
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costus root oil |
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Used medicinally.
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cranberry seed oil |
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Equally high in omega-3 omega-6 fatty acids, primarily used in the cosmetic industry.
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cubeb oil |
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Used medicinally and to flavor foods.
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cumin oilorblack seed oil |
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Used as a flavor, particularly in meat products. Also used in veterinary medicine.
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Cypress oil |
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Used in cosmetics and medicine.
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cypriol oil |
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curry leaf oil |
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Used medicinally and to flavor food.
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davana oil |
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From the Artemisia pallens, used as a perfume ingredient and as a germicide.
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dill oil |
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Chemically almost identical to caraway seed oil. High carvone content.
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elecampane oil |
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Used in herbal medicine.
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eucalyptus oil |
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Historically used as a germicide. Commonly used in cough medicine, among other medicinal uses.[10][unreliable medical source?]
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fennel seed oil |
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Used medicinally, particularly for treating colic in infants.
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fenugreek oil |
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Used medicinally and for cosmetics from ancient times.
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fir oil |
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[which?]
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frankincense oil |
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Used for aromatherapy and in perfumes.
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galangal |
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Used medicinally and to flavor food.
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galbanum oil |
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Used in perfumery.[11][12]
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Geranium oil |
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Also referred to as Geranol. Used in herbal medicine,[13] particularly in aromatherapy. Also used for hormonal imbalance[14], for this reason geranium is often considered to be "female" oil. Used in perfumery as well.[13]
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Ginger oil |
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Used medicinally in many cultures[15], and has been studied extensively as a nausea treatment,[16][17][18] where it was found more effective than placebo.
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Goldenrod oil |
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Used in herbal medicine, including treatment of urological problems. [19]
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Grapefruit oil |
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Extracted from the peel of the fruit. Used in aromatherapy. Contains 90% limonene.[citation needed] Grapefruit (and other citrus) has been found to contain DMT.[20] Since DMT is a Schedule I controlled substance, owning any variety of material containing it is a felony in the United States, making owning Citrus fruit or extracts thereof a felony.[21]
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Henna oil |
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Used in body art. Known to be dangerous to people with certain enzyme deficiencies.[22] Pre-mixed pastes are considered dangerous, primarily due to adulterants.[23][24]
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Helichrysum oil |
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Hickory nut oil |
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Horseradish oil |
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Hyssop |
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Idaho Tansy |
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Jasmine oil |
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Used for its flowery fragrance.
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Juniper berry oil |
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Used as a flavor. Also used medicinally, including traditional medicine.
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Laurus nobilis |
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Lavender oil |
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Used primarily as a fragrance. Also used medicinally.
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Ledum |
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Lemon oil |
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Similar in fragrance to the fruit. Unlike other essential oils, lemon oil is usually cold pressed. Used medicinally, as an antiseptic, and in cosmetics. Owning lemon extract is currently considered a felony.[21]
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Lemongrass |
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Highy fragrant grass from India, used to help treat fevers and infections. The oil is very useful for insect repellent.
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Lime |
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Anti septic, anti viral, astringent, aperitif, bactericidal, disinfectant, febrifuge, haemostatic, restorative and tonic.
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Litsea cubeba |
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Lemon-like scent, often used in perfumes and aromatherapy.
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Linaloe |
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Mandarin |
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Marjoram |
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Melaleuca See Tea tree oil |
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Melissa oil (Lemon balm) |
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Sweet smelling oil used primarily medicinally, particularly in aromatherapy.
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Mint |
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Used in flavoring toothpastes, mouthwashes and pharmaceuticals, as well as in aromatherapy and other medicinal applications.
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Moringa oil |
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Can be used directly on the skin and hair. It can also be used in soap and as a base for other cosmetics.
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Mountain Savory |
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Mugwort oil |
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Used in ancient times for medicinal and magical purposes. Currently considered to be a neurotoxin.
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Mustard oil |
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Containing a high percentage of allyl isothiocyanate or other isothiocyanates, depending on the species of mustard
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Myrrh |
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Warm, slightly musty smell. Used medicinally.
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Myrtle |
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Neem oil |
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Neroli |
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Produced from the blossom of the bitter orange tree.
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Nutmeg oil |
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Orange oil |
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Like lemon oil, cold pressed rather than distilled. Consists of 90% d-Limonene. Used as a fragrance, in cleaning products and in flavoring foods. Owning orange extract is currently considered a felony.[21]
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Oregano |
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Contains thymol and carvacrol, making it a useful fungicide. Also used to treat digestive problems.[25][unreliable medical source?]
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Orris oil |
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Extracted from the roots of the Florentine iris (Iris florentina), Iris germanica' and Iris pallida. It is used as a flavouring agent, in perfume, and medicinally.[26]
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Palo Santo |
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Parsley |
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Used in soaps, detergents, colognes, cosmetics and perfumes, especially men's fragrances.
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Patchouli |
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Very common ingredient in perfumes.
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Perilla essential oil |
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Extracted from the leaves of the perilla plant. Contains about 50–60% perillaldehyde.
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Pennyroyal oil |
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Highly toxic. It is abortifacient and can even in small quantities cause acute liver and lung damage.
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Peppermint oil |
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Used in a wide variety of medicinal applications.
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Petitgrain |
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Pine oil |
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Used as a disinfectant, and in aromatherapy.
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Ravensara |
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Red Cedar |
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Roman Chamomile |
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Rose oil |
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Distilled from rose petals, Used primarily as a fragrance.
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Rosehip oil |
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Distilled from the seeds of the Rosa rubiginosaorRosa mosqueta. Used medicinally.
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Rosemary oil |
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Distilled from the flowers of Rosmarinus officinalis. Used in aromatherapy, topically to sooth muscles, and medicinal for its antibacterial and antifungal properties.[27][unreliable medical source?]
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Rosewood oil |
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Used primarily for skin care applications. Also used medicinally.
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Sage oil |
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Used medicinally.
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Sandalwood oil |
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Used primarily as a fragrance, for its pleasant, woody fragrance.[28]
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Sassafras oil |
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From sassafras root bark. Used in aromatherapy, soap-making, perfumes, and the like. Formerly used as a spice, and as the primary flavoring of root beer, inter alia.
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Savory oil |
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From Satureja species. Used in aromatherapy, cosmetic and soap-making applications.
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Schisandra oil |
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From Schisandra chinensis, used medicinally.
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Spearmint |
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Often used in flavoring mouthwash and chewing gum, among other applications.
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Spikenard |
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Used medicinally.
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Spruce |
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Has calming and elevating properties. It can be used as a topical application for muscular aches and pains, poor circulation, and rheumatism. Spruce Oil has also been used to improve breathing conditions of asthma, bronchitis, coughs, and general weakness.
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Star anise |
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Highly fragrant oil using in cooking. Also used in perfumery and soaps, has been used in toothpastes, mouthwashes, and skin creams.[29] 90% of the world's star anise crop is used in the manufacture of Tamiflu, a drug used to treat influenza, and is hoped to be useful for avian flu
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Tangerine |
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Tarragon oil |
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Distilled from Artemisia dracunculus, used medicinally.
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Tea tree oil |
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Extracted from Melaleuca alternifolia; promoted for medicinal use, but with limited evidence of effectiveness.
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Thyme oil |
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Used medicinally.
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Tsuga |
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Belongs to the pine tree family. It is used as analgesic, antirheumatic, blood cleanser, and stimulant. It treats cough, respiratory conditions, kidney ailments, urinary infections.
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Turmeric |
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Used medicinally and to flavor food
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Valerian |
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Used for insomnia, migraines, nervous dyspepsia, and dandruff.
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Vetiver oilorKhus oil |
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A thick, amber oil, primarily from India. Used as a fixativeinperfumery, and in aromatherapy
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Western red cedar |
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Wintergreen |
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Can be used as an analgesic, anodyne, anti rheumatic & anti arthritic, anti spasmodic, anti septic, aromatic, astringent, carminative, diuretic, emenagogue and stimulant
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Yarrow oil |
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Used medicinally, to relieve joint pain.
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Ylang-ylang |
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Used for calming, antiseptic, and aphrodisiac purposes, as well as hypertension and skin diseases.
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zedoary |
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Used medicinally and to flavor food.
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