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{{Short description|Spaceflight related events during 2009}} |
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The first flight of the [[SpaceX]] [[Falcon 9]] carrier rocket was scheduled to occur in November, but was delayed to February 2010 to allow more time for preparations. The [[SpaceX Dragon]], a commercial [[Uncrewed spacecraft|uncrewed]] logistics spacecraft which was developed as part of [[NASA]]'s [[Commercial Orbital Transportation Services|COTS]] programme, was also scheduled to make its first flight in 2009, however its launch has also slipped to 2010 as a result of knock-on delays. The first [[H-II Transfer Vehicle]], [[HTV-1]], was successfully launched on the maiden flight of the [[H-IIB]] carrier rocket on 10 September. The first Swiss satellite, [[SwissCube-1]], was launched on 23 September aboard a [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]]. |
The first flight of the [[SpaceX]] [[Falcon 9]] carrier rocket was scheduled to occur in November, but was delayed to February 2010 to allow more time for preparations. The [[SpaceX Dragon]], a commercial [[Uncrewed spacecraft|uncrewed]] logistics spacecraft which was developed as part of [[NASA]]'s [[Commercial Orbital Transportation Services|COTS]] programme, was also scheduled to make its first flight in 2009, however its launch has also slipped to 2010 as a result of knock-on delays. The first [[H-II Transfer Vehicle]], [[HTV-1]], was successfully launched on the maiden flight of the [[H-IIB]] carrier rocket on 10 September. The first Swiss satellite, [[SwissCube-1]], was launched on 23 September aboard a [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]]. |
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On 18 December, the Ariane 5GS made its final flight, delivering the [[Helios-IIB]] satellite into a [[ |
On 18 December, the Ariane 5GS made its final flight, delivering the [[Helios-IIB]] satellite into a [[Sun-synchronous orbit]]. The last orbital launch of the year was conducted eleven days later, on 29 December, when a [[Proton-M]] with a [[Briz-M]] upper stage launched the [[DirecTV-12]] satellite. |
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==Space exploration== |
==Space exploration== |
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Although no planetary probes were launched in 2009, four [[astronomy|astronomical]] [[space observatory|observatories]] were placed into orbit. The [[Kepler Mission|Kepler]] spacecraft, which was launched by a [[Delta II]] on 7 March, entered an Earth-trailing [[heliocentric orbit]] from where it will search for [[exoplanets]]. On 14 May, and [[Ariane 5|Ariane 5ECA]] launched the [[Herschel Space Observatory|Herschel]] and [[Planck (spacecraft)|Planck]] spacecraft. Both were placed at the L<sub>2</sub> [[Lagrangian point]] between the Earth and Sun, from where they will be used for astronomy. Herschel carries an [[Infrared astronomy|infrared]] telescope whilst Planck carries an optical one. The fourth observatory to be launched was the [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]], or WISE, which is a replacement for the [[Wide Field Infrared Explorer]] which failed shortly after launch. WISE was launched into a [[ |
Although no planetary probes were launched in 2009, four [[astronomy|astronomical]] [[space observatory|observatories]] were placed into orbit. The [[Kepler Mission|Kepler]] spacecraft, which was launched by a [[Delta II]] on 7 March, entered an Earth-trailing [[heliocentric orbit]] from where it will search for [[exoplanets]]. On 14 May, and [[Ariane 5|Ariane 5ECA]] launched the [[Herschel Space Observatory|Herschel]] and [[Planck (spacecraft)|Planck]] spacecraft. Both were placed at the L<sub>2</sub> [[Lagrangian point]] between the Earth and Sun, from where they will be used for astronomy. Herschel carries an [[Infrared astronomy|infrared]] telescope whilst Planck carries an optical one. The fourth observatory to be launched was the [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]], or WISE, which is a replacement for the [[Wide Field Infrared Explorer]] which failed shortly after launch. WISE was launched into a [[Sun-synchronous orbit]] by a Delta II on 14 December, and will be used for infrared astronomy. Repairs made to the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] during [[STS-125]] restored it to full operations after a series of malfunctions in 2008. |
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Two [[Exploration of the Moon|lunar probes]] were launched in 2009; the [[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]] and [[LCROSS|Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite]] were launched on a single [[Atlas V]] rocket on 18 June. LRO entered [[selenocentric orbit]] and began a series of experiments, whilst LCROSS remained attached to the [[Centaur (rocket stage)|Centaur]] upper stage of the carrier rocket, and flew past the Moon. After orbiting the Earth twice, LCROSS separated from the upper stage and both it and the Centaur impacted the [[Cabeus (crater)|Cabeus]] crater at the South Pole of the Moon, on 9 October. By observing the Centaur's impact, LCROSS was able to confirm the presence of water on the Moon.<ref name="LCROSS-Water"/> Several other Lunar probes ceased operations in 2009; [[SELENE#Okina (small relay satellite)|Okina]] impacted the far side of the Moon on 12 February, [[Chang'e 1]] was deorbited on 1 March, having completed its operations. [[SELENE|Kaguya]] was also deorbited following a successful mission, impacting near [[Gill (lunar crater)|Gill]] crater on 12 June. The [[Chandrayaan-1]] spacecraft failed on 29 August, having operated for less than half of its design life. |
Two [[Exploration of the Moon|lunar probes]] were launched in 2009; the [[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]] and [[LCROSS|Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite]] were launched on a single [[Atlas V]] rocket on 18 June. LRO entered [[selenocentric orbit]] and began a series of experiments, whilst LCROSS remained attached to the [[Centaur (rocket stage)|Centaur]] upper stage of the carrier rocket, and flew past the Moon. After orbiting the Earth twice, LCROSS separated from the upper stage and both it and the Centaur impacted the [[Cabeus (crater)|Cabeus]] crater at the South Pole of the Moon, on 9 October. By observing the Centaur's impact, LCROSS was able to confirm the presence of water on the Moon.<ref name="LCROSS-Water"/> Several other Lunar probes ceased operations in 2009; [[SELENE#Okina (small relay satellite)|Okina]] impacted the far side of the Moon on 12 February, [[Chang'e 1]] was deorbited on 1 March, having completed its operations. [[SELENE|Kaguya]] was also deorbited following a successful mission, impacting near [[Gill (lunar crater)|Gill]] crater on 12 June. The [[Chandrayaan-1]] spacecraft failed on 29 August, having operated for less than half of its design life. |
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The [[Mars Science Laboratory]] and [[Fobos-Grunt]] missions to [[Mars]] had been scheduled for launch at the end of 2009, however both were delayed to 2011 to allow more time for the spacecraft to be developed. Fobos-Grunt, a sample return mission to Mars' [[natural satellite]] [[Phobos (moon)|Phobos]], would have carried the first Chinese planetary probe, [[Yinghuo-1]]. |
The [[Mars Science Laboratory]] and [[Fobos-Grunt]] missions to [[Mars]] had been scheduled for launch at the end of 2009, however both were delayed to 2011 to allow more time for the spacecraft to be developed. Fobos-Grunt, a sample return mission to Mars' [[natural satellite]] [[Phobos (moon)|Phobos]], would have carried the first Chinese planetary probe, [[Yinghuo-1]]. |
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Several flybys occurred in 2009, with [[Cassini (spacecraft)|Cassini]] continuing to orbit [[Saturn]], passing close to a number of its natural satellites. In February, [[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]] passed within {{convert|549|km}} of Mars, during a [[gravity assist]] manoeuvre for its journey to the [[asteroid belt]]. In September, [[MESSENGER]] made its third and final flyby of [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]] before entering orbit in 2011. Whilst the primary objective of the flyby, achieving a gravitational assist, was successful, the spacecraft entered [[safe mode]] shortly before its closest approach, which prevented it recording data as it flew away from the planet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.planetary.org/news/2009/0930_MESSENGERs_Third_Gravity_Assist.html |title=Third Time's No Charm: MESSENGER's Third Gravity Assist Successful, But "Safe Mode" Interrupts Science |first=Emily |last=Lakdawalla |publisher=The Planetary Society |date=30 September 2009 |access-date=20 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091005024415/http://planetary.org/news/2009/0930_MESSENGERs_Third_Gravity_Assist.html |archive-date=5 October 2009 }}</ref> In November, the [[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]] spacecraft performed its third and final gravity assist flyby of [[Earth]]. |
Several flybys occurred in 2009, with ''[[Cassini (spacecraft)|Cassini]]'' continuing to orbit [[Saturn]], passing close to a number of its natural satellites. In February, ''[[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]]'' passed within {{convert|549|km}} of Mars, during a [[gravity assist]] manoeuvre for its journey to the [[asteroid belt]]. In September, ''[[MESSENGER]]'' made its third and final flyby of [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]] before entering orbit in 2011. Whilst the primary objective of the flyby, achieving a gravitational assist, was successful, the spacecraft entered [[safe mode]] shortly before its closest approach, which prevented it recording data as it flew away from the planet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.planetary.org/news/2009/0930_MESSENGERs_Third_Gravity_Assist.html |title=Third Time's No Charm: MESSENGER's Third Gravity Assist Successful, But "Safe Mode" Interrupts Science |first=Emily |last=Lakdawalla |publisher=The Planetary Society |date=30 September 2009 |access-date=20 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091005024415/http://planetary.org/news/2009/0930_MESSENGERs_Third_Gravity_Assist.html |archive-date=5 October 2009 }}</ref> In November, the ''[[Rosetta (spacecraft)|Rosetta]]'' spacecraft performed its third and final gravity assist flyby of [[Earth]]. |
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==Crewed spaceflight== |
==Crewed spaceflight== |
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==Summary of launches== |
==Summary of launches== |
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In total, seventy eight orbital launches were attempted in 2009, with seventy five catalogued as having reached orbit, and the three outright launch failures, including the North Korean launch, not being catalogued. This is an increase of nine attempts compared to 2008, and eight more launches reached orbit. This continues a four-year trend of increasing annual launch rates. The United States [[National Space Science Data Center]] catalogued 123 spacecraft placed into orbit by launches which occurred in 2009.<ref name="NSSDC-2009">{{cite web|title=Spacecraft Query Results|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftSearch.do?launchDate=2009&discipline=All|work=Master Catalog Search|publisher=NSSDC|access-date=24 May 2010}}</ref> |
In total, seventy eight orbital launches were attempted in 2009, with seventy five catalogued as having reached orbit, and the three outright launch failures, including the North Korean launch, not being catalogued. This is an increase of nine attempts compared to 2008, and eight more launches reached orbit. This continues a four-year trend of increasing annual launch rates. The United States [[National Space Science Data Center]] catalogued 123 spacecraft placed into orbit by launches which occurred in 2009.<ref name="NSSDC-2009">{{cite web|title=Spacecraft Query Results|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftSearch.do?launchDate=2009&discipline=All|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002031740/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftSearch.do?launchDate=2009&discipline=All|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 October 2012|work=Master Catalog Search|publisher=NSSDC|access-date=24 May 2010}}</ref> |
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[[File:GOES-O launch.jpg|right|thumb|Launch of a Delta IV-M+(4,2) EELV with [[GOES 14]]]] |
[[File:GOES-O launch.jpg|right|thumb|Launch of a Delta IV-M+(4,2) EELV with [[GOES 14]]]] |
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[[Suborbital spaceflight in 2009]] saw a number of [[sounding rocket]] and [[missile]] launches. New Zealand's [[Ātea-1]] sounding rocket was launched on 30 November, marking that country's first suborbital flight. Russia twice attempted launches of its [[RSM-56 Bulava|Bulava]] missile, however both launches failed. The second failure, which occurred on 9 December, resulted in a [[2009 Norwegian spiral anomaly|spiral pattern]] which was observed in the sky over [[Norway]]. The [[SpaceLoft-XL]] rocket experienced another launch failure during its third flight, on 2 May. The payload section separated from the rocket whilst it was still burning, and as a result the vehicle did not reach space.<ref name="SL3-Report" /> It had been carrying samples of cremated human remains for [[Celestis]], and student experiments. |
[[Suborbital spaceflight in 2009]] saw a number of [[sounding rocket]] and [[missile]] launches. New Zealand's [[Ātea-1]] sounding rocket was launched on 30 November, marking that country's first suborbital flight. Russia twice attempted launches of its [[RSM-56 Bulava|Bulava]] missile, however both launches failed. The second failure, which occurred on 9 December, resulted in a [[2009 Norwegian spiral anomaly|spiral pattern]] which was observed in the sky over [[Norway]]. The [[SpaceLoft-XL]] rocket experienced another launch failure during its third flight, on 2 May. The payload section separated from the rocket whilst it was still burning, and as a result the vehicle did not reach space.<ref name="SL3-Report">{{cite web|url=http://www.upaerospace.us.com/pressreleases/spaceloftsl3mission.html|title=SpaceLoft SL-3 Mission Summary|publisher=UP Aerospace|date=7 May 2009|access-date=20 December 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091130202151/http://www.upaerospace.us.com/pressreleases/spaceloftsl3mission.html| archive-date= 30 November 2009 | url-status= dead}}</ref> It had been carrying samples of cremated human remains for [[Celestis]], and student experiments. |
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===By country=== |
===By country=== |
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The United States made twenty four launch attempts, with the [[Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle]]s accounting for eight; the most EELV launches in a single year to date. Eight Delta II launches were also made, including its last mission with a [[GPS satellite]], and its last flight with a payload for the [[United States armed forces]]. As the Delta II programme wound down, [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 17|Space Launch Complex 17A]] at the [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station]], one of the oldest operational launch pads in the world, was deactivated. [[SpaceX]] launched a single Falcon 1, which successfully placed an operational satellite into orbit for the first time. This was the final flight of the Falcon 1, which was subsequently retired from service in favour of the [[Falcon 1e]].<ref name="F1-retired" /> At the start of the year, a mockup [[Falcon 9]] was erected on its launch pad at Canaveral, however the type's maiden flight slipped into 2010. |
The United States made twenty four launch attempts, with the [[Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle]]s accounting for eight; the most EELV launches in a single year to date. Eight Delta II launches were also made, including its last mission with a [[GPS satellite]], and its last flight with a payload for the [[United States armed forces]]. As the Delta II programme wound down, [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 17|Space Launch Complex 17A]] at the [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station]], one of the oldest operational launch pads in the world, was deactivated. [[SpaceX]] launched a single Falcon 1, which successfully placed an operational satellite into orbit for the first time. This was the final flight of the Falcon 1, which was subsequently retired from service in favour of the [[Falcon 1e]].<ref name="F1-retired" /> At the start of the year, a mockup [[Falcon 9]] was erected on its launch pad at Canaveral, however the type's maiden flight slipped into 2010. |
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Sea Launch only conducted a single launch in 2009; a [[Zenit-3SL]] launched [[Sicral 1B]] in April. In June, the company was declared bankrupt,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0906/24sealaunch/|title=Court filings detail Sea Launch's bankruptcy|date=24 June 2009|publisher=Spaceflight Now|first=Stephen|last=Clark|access-date=1 January 2010}}</ref> and subsequently it lost a number of launch contracts.<ref name="SFN-RBST">{{cite web|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0911/20commercial/|title=Rocket barons share thoughts on launch industry|date=20 November 2009|publisher=Spaceflight Now|first=Stephen|last=Clark|access-date=1 January 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091231021003/http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0911/20commercial/| archive-date= 31 December 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> By the end of the year it was expecting to resume launches in 2010.<ref name="SFN-RBST"/> Its subsidiary, Land Launch, conducted three launches. Iran made its [[Timeline of first orbital launches by country|first successful indigenous orbital launch]], however planned follow-up launches had not been conducted by the end of the year. North Korea made one launch which it claimed had successfully placed a satellite into orbit, however no such satellite was detected by any country capable of doing so. [[Israel]] was not reported to have scheduled or conducted an orbital launch attempt. |
Sea Launch only conducted a single launch in 2009; a [[Zenit-3SL]] launched [[Sicral 1B]] in April. In June, the company was declared bankrupt,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0906/24sealaunch/|title=Court filings detail Sea Launch's bankruptcy|date=24 June 2009|publisher=Spaceflight Now|first=Stephen|last=Clark|access-date=1 January 2010|archive-date=29 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829195838/http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0906/24sealaunch/|url-status=live}}</ref> and subsequently it lost a number of launch contracts.<ref name="SFN-RBST">{{cite web|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0911/20commercial/|title=Rocket barons share thoughts on launch industry|date=20 November 2009|publisher=Spaceflight Now|first=Stephen|last=Clark|access-date=1 January 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091231021003/http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0911/20commercial/| archive-date= 31 December 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> By the end of the year it was expecting to resume launches in 2010.<ref name="SFN-RBST"/> Its subsidiary, Land Launch, conducted three launches. Iran made its [[Timeline of first orbital launches by country|first successful indigenous orbital launch]], however planned follow-up launches had not been conducted by the end of the year. North Korea made one launch which it claimed had successfully placed a satellite into orbit, however no such satellite was detected by any country capable of doing so. [[Israel]] was not reported to have scheduled or conducted an orbital launch attempt. |
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==Orbital launches== |
==Orbital launches== |
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|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station|Cape Canaveral]] [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 37|SLC-37B]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station|Cape Canaveral]] [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 37|SLC-37B]] |
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|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United Launch Alliance]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United Launch Alliance]] |
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|remarks = [[List of NRO |
|remarks = [[List of NRO launches|NROL-26]] mission. |
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|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
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|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[USA 202|USA-202]]<ref name="JSR605">{{cite web|url=http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.605|title=Issue 605|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|access-date=2009-01-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007011919/http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.605|archive-date=7 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[USA 202|USA-202]] / [[Orion (satellite)|Orion 6]]<ref name="JSR605">{{cite web|url=http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.605|title=Issue 605|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|access-date=2009-01-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007011919/http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.605|archive-date=7 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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|user = [[National Reconnaissance Office|NRO]] |
|user = [[National Reconnaissance Office|NRO]] |
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|orbit = [[Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous]] |
|orbit = [[Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous]] |
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{{TLS-RL|NoPL=8 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=8 |
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|date = 23 January |
|date = 23 January |
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|time = 03:54<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/01/20090123_h2a-f15_e.html |title=Launch Result of the IBUKI (GOSAT) by H-IIA Launch Vehicle No. 15 |date=2009-01-23 |access-date=2009-02-11 |archive-date= |
|time = 03:54<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/01/20090123_h2a-f15_e.html |title=Launch Result of the IBUKI (GOSAT) by H-IIA Launch Vehicle No. 15 |date=2009-01-23 |access-date=2009-02-11 |archive-date=22 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222032046/http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/01/20090123_h2a-f15_e.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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|rocket = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[H-IIA]] 202 |
|rocket = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[H-IIA]] 202 |
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|site = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Tanegashima Space Center|Tanegashima]] [[Yoshinobu Launch Complex|LA-Y1]] |
|site = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Tanegashima Space Center|Tanegashima]] [[Yoshinobu Launch Complex|LA-Y1]] |
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|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
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|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
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|outcome = Successful<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2010/09/20100922_sac_sds1.pdf |title=小型実証衛星1型(SDS-1)成果概要と運用終了 |language=ja |date=22 September 2010 |access-date=23 September 2010}}</ref> |
|outcome = Successful<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2010/09/20100922_sac_sds1.pdf |title=小型実証衛星1型(SDS-1)成果概要と運用終了 |language=ja |date=22 September 2010 |access-date=23 September 2010 |archive-date=17 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617055950/http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2010/09/20100922_sac_sds1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
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|name = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Sohla|Sohla-1]] (Maido-1) |
|name = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Sohla|Sohla-1]] (Maido-1) |
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|outcome = Spacecraft failure<ref name="HIIAsec-failures"/> |
|outcome = Spacecraft failure<ref name="HIIAsec-failures"/> |
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}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
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|name = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Picosatellite for Remote sensing and Innovative Space Missions|Hitomi]] (PRISM)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.space.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/prism/index.html |title=PRISM Project |access-date=2008-10-21}}</ref> |
|name = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Picosatellite for Remote sensing and Innovative Space Missions|Hitomi]] (PRISM)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.space.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/prism/index.html |title=PRISM Project |access-date=2008-10-21 |archive-date=30 June 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090630122253/http://www.space.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/prism/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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|user = [[University of Tokyo]] |
|user = [[University of Tokyo]] |
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|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
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|remarks = First successful [[Iran]]ian orbital launch<ref name="JSR606">{{cite web|url=http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.606|title=Issue 606|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|access-date=2009-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405123635/http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.606|archive-date=5 April 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
|remarks = First successful [[Iran]]ian orbital launch<ref name="JSR606">{{cite web|url=http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.606|title=Issue 606|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|access-date=2009-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405123635/http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.606|archive-date=5 April 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
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|name = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Omid (satellite)|Omid]]<ref>{{cite |
|name = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Omid (satellite)|Omid]]<ref name=Reuters>{{cite news | title = Iran launches first home-made satellite: state TV | url = https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE5120NN20090203 | work = [[Reuters]] | date = 3 February 2009 | access-date = 3 February 2009 | author = Fredrik Dahl and Edmund Blair }}</ref> |
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|user = [[Iranian Space Agency|ISA]] |
|user = [[Iranian Space Agency|ISA]] |
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|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
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{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
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|date = 10 February |time = 05:49:46<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.roscosmos.ru/5211/ |script-title=ru:Произведен успешный пуск РКН『Союз-У』с ТГК『Прогресс М-66』|publisher=[[Roscosmos]] |date=10 February 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |language=ru}}</ref> |
|date = 10 February |time = 05:49:46<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.roscosmos.ru/5211/ |script-title=ru:Произведен успешный пуск РКН『Союз-У』с ТГК『Прогресс М-66』|publisher=[[Roscosmos]] |date=10 February 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |language=ru |archive-date=31 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190831152747/https://www.roscosmos.ru/5211/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Soyuz-U]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Soyuz-U]] |
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|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31|Site 31/6]] |
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31|Site 31/6]] |
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{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2 |
||
|date = 11 February |time = 00:03<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.roscosmos.ru/5220/ |script-title=ru:Продолжается выведение космических аппаратов『Экспресс-АМ44』и『Экспресс-МД1』на целевую орбиту |publisher=[[Roscosmos]] |date=11 February 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |language=ru}}</ref> |
|date = 11 February |time = 00:03<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.roscosmos.ru/5220/ |script-title=ru:Продолжается выведение космических аппаратов『Экспресс-АМ44』и『Экспресс-МД1』на целевую орбиту |publisher=[[Roscosmos]] |date=11 February 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |language=ru |archive-date=31 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190831152655/https://www.roscosmos.ru/5220/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Proton-M]] / [[Briz-M]] Enhanced |
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Proton-M]] / [[Briz-M]] Enhanced |
||
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200|Site 200/39]] |
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 200|Site 200/39]] |
||
Line 316: | Line 317: | ||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Raduga-1]] |
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Raduga-1]] |
||
|user = [[VKS]] |
|user = [[Russian Aerospace Forces|VKS]] |
||
|orbit = [[Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous]] |
|orbit = [[Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous]] |
||
|function = [[Communications satellite|Communications]] |
|function = [[Communications satellite|Communications]] |
||
Line 343: | Line 344: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2 |
||
|date = 15 March |time = 23:43:44<ref name="119-launchMSC">{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts119/status2.html|title=Mission Status Center|last=Ray|first=Justin|date=2009-03-11|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=2009-03-11}}</ref> |
|date = 15 March |time = 23:43:44<ref name="119-launchMSC">{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts119/status2.html|title=Mission Status Center|last=Ray|first=Justin|date=2009-03-11|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=2009-03-11|archive-date=6 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106031139/http://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts119/status2.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} {{OV|103}}<ref name="NSF-Delays">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/content/?cid=5396 |title=Atlantis' STS-125 mission to Hubble delayed to October |author=Chris Bergin |publisher=NASASpaceflight.com |date=2008-04-04 |access-date=2008-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409202957/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/content/?cid=5396 |archive-date=9 April 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} {{OV|103}}<ref name="NSF-Delays">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/content/?cid=5396 |title=Atlantis' STS-125 mission to Hubble delayed to October |author=Chris Bergin |publisher=NASASpaceflight.com |date=2008-04-04 |access-date=2008-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409202957/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/content/?cid=5396 |archive-date=9 April 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]] |
||
Line 349: | Line 350: | ||
|remarks = Crewed flight with seven [[astronaut]]s. |
|remarks = Crewed flight with seven [[astronaut]]s. |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[STS-119]]<ref name="NSF-125delay">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/11/nasa-realign-five-2009-missions-ares-ix-oct-09/|title=NASA realign five 2009 missions - Ares I-X likely heading to Oct, 09|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=2008-11-06|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|access-date=2008-11-15}}</ref> |
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[STS-119]]<ref name="NSF-125delay">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/11/nasa-realign-five-2009-missions-ares-ix-oct-09/|title=NASA realign five 2009 missions - Ares I-X likely heading to Oct, 09|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=2008-11-06|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|access-date=2008-11-15|archive-date=10 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210091111/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/11/nasa-realign-five-2009-missions-ares-ix-oct-09/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|user = [[NASA]] |
|user = [[NASA]] |
||
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] ([[ISS]]) |
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] ([[ISS]]) |
||
Line 368: | Line 369: | ||
|date = 17 March |time = 14:21<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7945170.stm|title=Gravity satellite leads new wave|last=Amos|first=Jonathan|date=2009-03-17|work=BBC News|access-date=2009-03-17| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090320220706/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7945170.stm| archive-date= 20 March 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
|date = 17 March |time = 14:21<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7945170.stm|title=Gravity satellite leads new wave|last=Amos|first=Jonathan|date=2009-03-17|work=BBC News|access-date=2009-03-17| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090320220706/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7945170.stm| archive-date= 20 March 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Rokot]] / [[Briz-KM]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Rokot]] / [[Briz-KM]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome|Plesetsk]] [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 133|Site 133/3]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.space-travel.com/reports/GOCE_Team_Gearing_Up_For_New_Launch_Date_999.html|title=GOCE Team Gearing Up For New Launch Date|publisher=SpaceDaily|date=2008-10-03|access-date=2008-10-05<!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome|Plesetsk]] [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 133|Site 133/3]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.space-travel.com/reports/GOCE_Team_Gearing_Up_For_New_Launch_Date_999.html|title=GOCE Team Gearing Up For New Launch Date|publisher=SpaceDaily|date=2008-10-03|access-date=2008-10-05<!--DASHBot-->|archive-date=2 February 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130202212629/http://www.space-travel.com/reports/GOCE_Team_Gearing_Up_For_New_Launch_Date_999.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|EUR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Eurockot]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|EUR}} {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Eurockot]] |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
Line 464: | Line 465: | ||
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Xichang Satellite Launch Center|Xichang]] [[Xichang Launch Area 2|LA-2]] |
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Xichang Satellite Launch Center|Xichang]] [[Xichang Launch Area 2|LA-2]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[China National Space Administration|CNSA]] |
||
|remarks = Failed in orbit shortly after launch. Towed to a high [[graveyard orbit]] by Shijian-21 on 22 January 2022.<ref>{{cite web |last=Jones |first=Andrew |url=https://spacenews.com/chinas-shijian-21-spacecraft-docked-with-and-towed-a-dead-satellite/ |title=China's Shijian-21 spacecraft towed a dead satellite high above graveyard orbit |work=[[SpaceNews]] |date=27 January 2022 |access-date=29 January 2022 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142431/https://spacenews.com/chinas-shijian-21-spacecraft-docked-with-and-towed-a-dead-satellite/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
|||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Compass navigation system|Compass-G2]] |
|name = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Compass navigation system|Compass-G2]] |
||
Line 469: | Line 471: | ||
|orbit = [[Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous]] |
|orbit = [[Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous]] |
||
|function = [[Satellite navigation|Navigation]] |
|function = [[Satellite navigation|Navigation]] |
||
|outcome = |
|outcome = Spacecraft failure |
||
}} |
}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 483: | Line 485: | ||
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
||
|function = [[Radar imaging]] |
|function = [[Radar imaging]] |
||
|outcome = |
|outcome = Successful |
||
|d-date = 30 October 2022 |
|||
|d-time = 00:06<ref>{{cite tweet |author=Jonathan McDowell |user=planet4589 |number=1586879079063912448 |title=India's RISAT-2 radar satellite, launched in 2009, reentered at 0006 UTC Oct 30 off the south coast of Sumatra. |date=31 October 2022 |access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref> |
|||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|IND}} [[ANUSAT]] |
|name = {{flagicon|IND}} [[ANUSAT]] |
||
Line 578: | Line 582: | ||
|remarks = Crewed flight with seven astronauts, final [[Space Shuttle program|Space Shuttle]] mission to the [[Hubble Space Telescope]]. |
|remarks = Crewed flight with seven astronauts, final [[Space Shuttle program|Space Shuttle]] mission to the [[Hubble Space Telescope]]. |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[STS-125]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/09/hubble-control-system-failure-threatens-sts-125-launch-date/|title=Hubble control system failure - STS-125 launch date delayed|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|first=Chris|last=Bergin|date=2009-09-29|access-date=2009-09-30}}</ref> |
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[STS-125]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/09/hubble-control-system-failure-threatens-sts-125-launch-date/|title=Hubble control system failure - STS-125 launch date delayed|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|first=Chris|last=Bergin|date=2009-09-29|access-date=2009-09-30|archive-date=1 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001153905/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/09/hubble-control-system-failure-threatens-sts-125-launch-date/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|user = [[NASA]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/10/sts-125-refines-february-17-hubble/|title=STS-125 launch target moves to 17 February - crucial week for Hubble|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=2008-10-12|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|access-date=2008-10-18| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081016060645/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/10/sts-125-refines-february-17-hubble/| archive-date= 16 October 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
|user = [[NASA]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/10/sts-125-refines-february-17-hubble/|title=STS-125 launch target moves to 17 February - crucial week for Hubble|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=2008-10-12|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|access-date=2008-10-18| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081016060645/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/10/sts-125-refines-february-17-hubble/| archive-date= 16 October 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
||
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] ([[Hubble Space Telescope|HST]]) |
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] ([[Hubble Space Telescope|HST]]) |
||
Line 674: | Line 678: | ||
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome|Plesetsk]] [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 43|Site 43/4]] |
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome|Plesetsk]] [[Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 43|Site 43/4]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[RVSN RF]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[RVSN RF]] |
||
|remarks = Core vehicle second stage shut down five seconds early,<!--third stage under alternative designation system--><ref>{{cite |
|remarks = Core vehicle second stage shut down five seconds early,<!--third stage under alternative designation system--><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://russianforces.org/blog/2009/05/launch_of_the_second_meridian.shtml|title=Launch of the second Meridian communication satellite|journal=Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces|date=22 May 2009|publisher=Russian Nuclear Forces Project|access-date=2009-05-23|last1=Podvig|first1=Pavel|archive-date=6 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606221325/http://russianforces.org/blog/2009/05/launch_of_the_second_meridian.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> attempt to compensate using Fregat resulted in propellent depletion during second of three burns<ref name="JSR611">{{cite web|url=http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.611|title=Issue 611|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|date=2009-05-27|access-date=2009-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826061635/http://host.planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.611|archive-date=26 August 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> Satellite reached a lower orbit than expected, and despite being expected to be recoverable to fully operational status<ref name="meridian2">{{cite web|url=http://iss-reshetnev.ru/?cid=news&nid=726|title=КА『Меридиан』выведен на орбиту|date=2009-05-25|publisher=[[JSC Information Satellite Systems]]|access-date=2009-05-25|archive-date=7 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007120212/http://www.iss-reshetnev.ru/?cid=news&nid=726|url-status=live}}</ref> was unable to recover.<ref name="RSW-meridian">{{cite web|url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/meridian.html |title=The Meridian satellite (14F112) |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |work=RussianSpaceWeb |access-date=3 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526025425/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/meridian.html |archive-date=26 May 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Meridian 2]]<ref name="JSR611"/> |
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Meridian 2]]<ref name="JSR611"/> |
||
Line 682: | Line 686: | ||
|outcome = Launch failure<ref name="RSW-meridian"/> |
|outcome = Launch failure<ref name="RSW-meridian"/> |
||
|d-date = 23 April 2021 |
|d-date = 23 April 2021 |
||
|d-time = 04:48<ref>{{cite tweet |author-link=Jonathan McDowell |last=McDowell |first=Jonathan |user=planet4589 |number=1385781167547367432 |title=The Meridian No. 12L military communications satellite, launched by Russia in 2009, reentered on Apr 23 at 0448 UTC off the coast of Antarctica. |date=23 April 2021 |access-date=24 April 2021}}</ref> |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 774: | Line 779: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 1 July |time = 17:52<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.arianespace.com/press-release/mission-accomplished-for-arianespace-terrestar-1-is-in-orbit/ |title=Mission accomplished for Arianespace: TerreStar-1 is in orbit |work=[[Arianespace]] |date=1 July 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref> |
|date = 1 July |time = 17:52<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.arianespace.com/press-release/mission-accomplished-for-arianespace-terrestar-1-is-in-orbit/ |title=Mission accomplished for Arianespace: TerreStar-1 is in orbit |work=[[Arianespace]] |date=1 July 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=14 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214050026/https://www.arianespace.com/press-release/mission-accomplished-for-arianespace-terrestar-1-is-in-orbit/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|EUR}} [[Ariane 5]] ECA |
|rocket = {{flagicon|EUR}} [[Ariane 5]] ECA |
||
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Guiana Space Centre|Kourou]] [[ELA-3]] |
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Guiana Space Centre|Kourou]] [[ELA-3]] |
||
Line 830: | Line 835: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=6 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=6 |
||
|date = 15 July<ref name="NASAsched"/> |time = 22:03 |
|||
|date = 15 July<ref name="NASAsched">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/missions/highlights/schedule.html|title= NASA's Shuttle and Rocket Launch Schedule |publisher=NASA|access-date=2009-06-25| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090625000149/http://www.nasa.gov/missions/highlights/schedule.html| archive-date= 25 June 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> |time = 22:03 |
|||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} {{OV|105}}<ref name="NSF-125delay"/> |
|||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} {{OV|105}}<ref name="NSF-125delay">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/11/nasa-realign-five-2009-missions-ares-ix-oct-09/|title=NASA realign five 2009 missions - Ares I-X likely heading to Oct, 09|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=2008-11-06|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|access-date=2008-11-15}}</ref> |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[LC-39A]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[LC-39A]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United Space Alliance]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United Space Alliance]] |
||
Line 855: | Line 860: | ||
|outcome = {{nowrap|Partial spacecraft failure}}<br/>Successful |
|outcome = {{nowrap|Partial spacecraft failure}}<br/>Successful |
||
|d-date = 17 March 2010 |
|d-date = 17 March 2010 |
||
|d-time = 18:26<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://reentrynews.aero.org/2009038b.html |title= |
|d-time = 18:26<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://reentrynews.aero.org/2009038b.html |title = Dragonsat |access-date=1 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513040132/http://reentrynews.aero.org/2009038b.html |archive-date=13 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
||
|d-span=2 |
|d-span=2 |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
Line 871: | Line 876: | ||
|outcome = Successful |
|outcome = Successful |
||
|d-date = 18 August 2010 |
|d-date = 18 August 2010 |
||
|d-time = 17:48<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://reentrynews.aero.org/2009038f.html |title= |
|d-time = 17:48<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://reentrynews.aero.org/2009038f.html |title = Ande Castor Sphere |access-date=1 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513033751/http://reentrynews.aero.org/2009038f.html |archive-date=13 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[ANDE-2PA Pollux|Pollux]]<ref name="ANDE"/> |
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[ANDE-2PA Pollux|Pollux]]<ref name="ANDE"/> |
||
Line 985: | Line 990: | ||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[CCAFS|Cape Canaveral]] [[SLC-17A]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[CCAFS|Cape Canaveral]] [[SLC-17A]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United Launch Alliance]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United Launch Alliance]] |
||
|remarks = Final launch from SLC-17A,<ref name="SFN Delta 340" |
|remarks = Final launch from SLC-17A,<ref name="SFN Delta 340"/> final GPS IIR launch, final flight of Delta II 7925 |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[USA-206]] ([[GPS satellite|GPS IIR-21/M8]]) |
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[USA-206]] ([[GPS satellite|GPS IIR-21/M8]]) |
||
Line 1,016: | Line 1,021: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 25 August<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/techscience/2009/08/21/97/0601000000AEN20090821006900320F.HTML|title=S. Korea reschedules first rocket launch for Aug. 25|publisher=YONHAP NEWS|date=2009-08-21|access-date=2009-08-21}}</ref> |time = 08:00 |
|date = 25 August<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/techscience/2009/08/21/97/0601000000AEN20090821006900320F.HTML|title=S. Korea reschedules first rocket launch for Aug. 25|publisher=YONHAP NEWS|date=2009-08-21|access-date=2009-08-21|archive-date=26 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826194330/http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/techscience/2009/08/21/97/0601000000AEN20090821006900320F.HTML|url-status=live}}</ref> |time = 08:00 |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Naro-1]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Naro-1]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Naro Space Center|Naro]]<ref name="KSLV">{{cite web|url= |
|site = {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Naro Space Center|Naro]]<ref name="KSLV">{{cite web|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/07/133_28047.html|title=Russia Dragging Feet Over Korean Rocket Launch|author=Kim Tong-hyung|date=2008-07-23|access-date=2008-07-24|work=The Korea Times| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080801000731/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2008/07/133_28047.html| archive-date= 1 August 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Khrunichev]] / [[KARI]]<ref name="KSLV" /> |
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Khrunichev]] / [[KARI]]<ref name="KSLV" /> |
||
|remarks = Maiden flight of Naro-1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telecomskorea.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6117&Itemid=2|title=First Korean Rocket Launch Expected for 2009|date=2008-08-08|access-date=2008-08-08|publisher=Telecoms Korea News Service}}</ref> first South Korean orbital launch attempt (with Russian assistance). First flight of [[Angara (rocket)|Angara]] Universal Rocket Module (used as first stage), half of payload fairing failed to separate, failed to reach orbit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.space-travel.com/reports/SKorea_satellite_lost_after_flawed_launch_officials_999.html|title=SKorea satellite lost after flawed launch: officials|date=2009-08-26|publisher=Space-Travel.com|access-date=2009-08-26}}</ref><ref name="NaroFairing">{{cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/science/science_general/373183.html|title=Fairing separation failure resulted in failure of sending satellite into orbit |publisher=Hankyoreh|access-date=2009-08-26}}</ref> |
|remarks = Maiden flight of Naro-1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telecomskorea.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6117&Itemid=2|title=First Korean Rocket Launch Expected for 2009|date=2008-08-08|access-date=2008-08-08|publisher=Telecoms Korea News Service|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215048/http://www.telecomskorea.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6117&Itemid=2|url-status=live}}</ref> first South Korean orbital launch attempt (with Russian assistance). First flight of [[Angara (rocket)|Angara]] Universal Rocket Module (used as first stage), half of payload fairing failed to separate, failed to reach orbit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.space-travel.com/reports/SKorea_satellite_lost_after_flawed_launch_officials_999.html|title=SKorea satellite lost after flawed launch: officials|date=2009-08-26|publisher=Space-Travel.com|access-date=2009-08-26|archive-date=27 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090827144858/http://www.space-travel.com/reports/SKorea_satellite_lost_after_flawed_launch_officials_999.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NaroFairing">{{cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/science/science_general/373183.html|title=Fairing separation failure resulted in failure of sending satellite into orbit|date=26 August 2009|publisher=Hankyoreh|access-date=2009-08-26|archive-date=3 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142432/https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/science/science_general/373183.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|KOR}} [[STSAT-2|STSAT-2A]] |
|name = {{flagicon|KOR}} [[STSAT-2|STSAT-2A]] |
||
|user = [[KARI]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/techscience/2009/07/17/84/0601000000AEN20090717006800320F.HTML|title=Space rocket will not be able to meet original launch date: official|date=2009-07-17|access-date=2009-07-17|publisher=YONHAP NEWS AGENCY}}</ref> |
|user = [[KARI]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/techscience/2009/07/17/84/0601000000AEN20090717006800320F.HTML|title=Space rocket will not be able to meet original launch date: official|date=2009-07-17|access-date=2009-07-17|publisher=YONHAP NEWS AGENCY|archive-date=11 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311074953/http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/techscience/2009/07/17/84/0601000000AEN20090717006800320F.HTML|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|orbit = Intended: [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
|orbit = Intended: [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
||
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
||
|outcome = Launch failure<ref name="NaroFails">{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0908/25kslv/|title=Historic South Korean satellite launch fails|last=Clark|first=Stephen|date=2009-08-25|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=2009-08-26}}</ref> |
|outcome = Launch failure<ref name="NaroFails">{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0908/25kslv/|title=Historic South Korean satellite launch fails|last=Clark|first=Stephen|date=2009-08-25|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=2009-08-26|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211626/http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n0908/25kslv/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|d-date = 25 August |
|d-date = 25 August |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 1,038: | Line 1,043: | ||
|remarks = Crewed flight with seven astronauts. |
|remarks = Crewed flight with seven astronauts. |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[STS-128]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/08/sts-128-august-25-rsrm-and-srb-reviewed/|title=STS-128 confirmed for August 25 – RSRM and SRB performance reviewed|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=2009-08-19|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|access-date=2009-08-20}}</ref> |
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[STS-128]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/08/sts-128-august-25-rsrm-and-srb-reviewed/|title=STS-128 confirmed for August 25 – RSRM and SRB performance reviewed|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=2009-08-19|publisher=NASASpaceflight.com|access-date=2009-08-20|archive-date=22 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822013403/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2009/08/sts-128-august-25-rsrm-and-srb-reviewed/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|user = [[NASA]] |
|user = [[NASA]] |
||
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] ([[ISS]]) |
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] ([[ISS]]) |
||
Line 1,056: | Line 1,061: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 31 August |time = 09:28<ref name="Palapa failure">{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/mil/2009-08/31/content_11973441.htm|title="帕拉帕-D"通信卫星未能进入预定轨道|publisher=Xinhua|date=2009-08-31|access-date=2009-08-31}}</ref> |
|date = 31 August |time = 09:28<ref name="Palapa failure">{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/mil/2009-08/31/content_11973441.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904032008/http://news.xinhuanet.com/mil/2009-08/31/content_11973441.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 September 2009|title="帕拉帕-D"通信卫星未能进入预定轨道|publisher=Xinhua|date=2009-08-31|access-date=2009-08-31}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Long March 3B]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Long March 3B]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Xichang Satellite Launch Center|Xichang]] |
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Xichang Satellite Launch Center|Xichang]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation|CASC]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation|CASC]] |
||
|remarks = Third stage failed during restart<ref name="Palapa failure"/> due to gas generator burn-through.<ref name="Burnthrough">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacenews.com/civil/091119-burn-through-blamed-long-march-mishap.html|title=Burn-through Blamed in China Long March Mishap|date=19 November 2009|publisher=Space News|first=Peter B.|last=de Selding| access-date= 16 May 2010 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
|remarks = Third stage failed during restart<ref name="Palapa failure"/> due to gas generator burn-through.<ref name="Burnthrough">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacenews.com/civil/091119-burn-through-blamed-long-march-mishap.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120910051712/http://www.spacenews.com/civil/091119-burn-through-blamed-long-march-mishap.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 September 2012|title=Burn-through Blamed in China Long March Mishap|date=19 November 2009|publisher=Space News|first=Peter B.|last=de Selding| access-date= 16 May 2010 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|IDN}} [[Palapa-D]] |
|name = {{flagicon|IDN}} [[Palapa-D]] |
||
Line 1,089: | Line 1,094: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 10 September |time = 17:01:46<ref>{{cite |
|date = 10 September |time = 17:01:46<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/09/20090911_h2bf1_e.html |title=Launch Result of HTV Demonstration Flight aboard H-IIB Launch Vehicle Test Flight (H-IIB TF1) |publisher=JAXA / MHI |date=2009-09-09 |access-date=2009-09-14 |archive-date=13 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090913142636/http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/09/20090911_h2bf1_e.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[H-IIB]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[H-IIB]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Tanegashima Space Center|Tanegashima]] [[Yoshinobu Launch Complex|LA-Y2]] |
|site = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Tanegashima Space Center|Tanegashima]] [[Yoshinobu Launch Complex|LA-Y2]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[JAXA]]<ref name="jaxa20090708_sac_htv_h2b">{{cite web |url=http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/07/20090708_sac_htv_h2b.pdf |title=平成21年度夏期ロケット打上げ及び運用管制計画書 宇宙ステーション補給機(HTV)技術実証機 H-IIBロケット試験機(H-IIB・TF1)|access-date=2009-08-11 |language=ja }}</ref> |
|LSP = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[JAXA]]<ref name="jaxa20090708_sac_htv_h2b">{{cite web |url=http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/07/20090708_sac_htv_h2b.pdf |title=平成21年度夏期ロケット打上げ及び運用管制計画書 宇宙ステーション補給機(HTV)技術実証機 H-IIBロケット試験機(H-IIB・TF1) |access-date=2009-08-11 |language=ja |archive-date=24 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090824053153/http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2009/07/20090708_sac_htv_h2b.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|remarks = Maiden flight of H-IIB and [[H-II Transfer Vehicle]], first launch from LA-Y2. |
|remarks = Maiden flight of H-IIB and [[H-II Transfer Vehicle]], first launch from LA-Y2. |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
Line 1,105: | Line 1,110: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=7 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=7 |
||
|date = 17 September |time = 15:55:07<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0909/17soyuz/ |title=Soyuz rocket launches Russian weather satellite |work=Spaceflight Now |date=17 September 2009 |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/meteor-m1.html |title=Russia begins rebuilding its weather satellite network with Meteor M1 |work=RussianSpaceWeb |date=4 July 2019 |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> |
|date = 17 September |time = 15:55:07<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0909/17soyuz/ |title=Soyuz rocket launches Russian weather satellite |work=Spaceflight Now |date=17 September 2009 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=6 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306063012/https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0909/17soyuz/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/meteor-m1.html |title=Russia begins rebuilding its weather satellite network with Meteor M1 |work=RussianSpaceWeb |date=4 July 2019 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=14 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514231314/https://russianspaceweb.com/meteor-m1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Soyuz-2.1b]] / [[Fregat]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Soyuz-2.1b]] / [[Fregat]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31|Site 31/6]] |
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31|Site 31/6]] |
||
Line 1,111: | Line 1,116: | ||
|remarks = Meteor M-1 was a replacement for [[Meteor-3M No.1]]. IRIS intentionally remained attached to upper stage. |
|remarks = Meteor M-1 was a replacement for [[Meteor-3M No.1]]. IRIS intentionally remained attached to upper stage. |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Meteor |
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Meteor-M No.1]] |
||
|user = [[Roscosmos]] |
|user = [[Roscosmos]] |
||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
Line 1,117: | Line 1,122: | ||
|outcome = Successful |
|outcome = Successful |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[University - Tatyana-2|Universitetsky-Tatyana-2]]<ref name="GSP-UT2">{{cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/universitetsky-2.htm |title=Universitetsky 2 (Tatyana 2, RS 38) |work=Gunter's Space Page |date=21 July 2019 |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> |
||
|user = [[ |
|user = [[Roscosmos]] |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Inflatable and Rigidizable Structure|IRIS]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/iris.htm |title=IRIS |work=Gunter's Space Page |date=21 July 2019 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=11 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111222543/https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/iris.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
⚫ | |||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
||
⚫ | |d-date = 12 March 2021<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=35867 |title=FREGAT/IRIS |work=N2YO.com |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142433/https://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=35867 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Sterkh-2]] |
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Sterkh-2]] |
||
Line 1,127: | Line 1,139: | ||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
|function = [[Communications satellite|Communications]]<br/>[[Search and rescue]] |
|function = [[Communications satellite|Communications]]<br/>[[Search and rescue]] |
||
|outcome = Spacecraft failure<ref>{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/sterkh.html |title=The Sterkh rescue signal satellite |work=RussianSpaceWeb |date=30 November 2017 |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> |
|outcome = Spacecraft failure<ref>{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/sterkh.html |title=The Sterkh rescue signal satellite |work=RussianSpaceWeb |date=30 November 2017 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=26 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426183458/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/sterkh.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon| |
|name = {{flagicon|RSA}} [[SumbandilaSat]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/s/sumbandilasat |title=SumbandilaSat - formerly ZASat-002 (South African Satellite) |work=eoPortal |publisher=[[ESA]] |date=2012 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=3 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210403064940/https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/s/sumbandilasat |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|d-date = 10 December 2021 |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[UGATUSAT]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/ugatusat.htm |title=UGATUSAT (RS 28) |work=Gunter's Space Page |date=21 July 2019 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=20 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420162336/https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/ugatusat.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> |
|||
|user = [[Ufa State Aviation Technical University|UGATU]] |
|user = [[Ufa State Aviation Technical University|UGATU]] |
||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
|function = [[Earth observation satellite|Earth observation]] |
|function = [[Earth observation satellite|Earth observation]] |
||
|outcome = Spacecraft failure<ref>{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/centers_industry_2000s.html |title=Russian space industry in 2000s - A string of failures |work=RussianSpaceWeb |date=26 November 2012 |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> |
|outcome = Spacecraft failure<ref>{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/centers_industry_2000s.html |title=Russian space industry in 2000s - A string of failures |work=RussianSpaceWeb |date=26 November 2012 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=26 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426120229/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/centers_industry_2000s.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
⚫ | |name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[University - Tatyana-2|Universitetsky-Tatyana-2]]<ref name="GSP-UT2">{{cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/universitetsky-2.htm |title=Universitetsky 2 (Tatyana 2, RS 38) |work=Gunter's Space Page |date=21 July 2019 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=25 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725095729/https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/universitetsky-2.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
⚫ | |||
|user = [[ |
|user = [[Moscow State University|MSU]] |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|name = {{flagicon|RSA}} [[SumbandilaSat]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/s/sumbandilasat |title=SumbandilaSat - formerly ZASat-002 (South African Satellite) |work=eoPortal |publisher=[[ESA]] |date=2012 |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> |
|||
⚫ | |||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
||
|outcome = Spacecraft failure; Partial success |
|outcome = Spacecraft failure; Partial success |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |name = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Inflatable and Rigidizable Structure|IRIS]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/iris.htm |title=IRIS |work=Gunter's Space Page |date=21 July 2019 |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |d-date = 12 March 2021<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=35867 |title=FREGAT/IRIS |work=N2YO.com |access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref> |
||
⚫ | |||
}} |
}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 1,183: | Line 1,189: | ||
|outcome = Operational |
|outcome = Operational |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|GER}} [[ |
|name = {{flagicon|GER}} [[Rubin 9.1]] |
||
| |
|user = [[OHB-System]] |
||
|user = [[Berlin Institute of Technology|TU Berlin]] |
|||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
||
|outcome = |
|outcome = Successful |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|GER}} [[ |
|name = {{flagicon|GER}} [[Rubin 9.2]] |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|cubesat = yes |
|cubesat = yes |
||
|user = [[ |
|user = [[Berlin InstituteofTechnology|TU Berlin]] |
||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
||
Line 1,211: | Line 1,222: | ||
|outcome = Operational |
|outcome = Operational |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|GER}} [[ |
|name = {{flagicon|GER}} [[UWE-2]] |
||
| |
|cubesat = yes |
||
|user = [[University of Würzburg|Würzburg]] |
|||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]] |
||
|outcome = |
|outcome = Operational |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
}} |
}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 1,231: | Line 1,237: | ||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United Launch Alliance]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[United Launch Alliance]] |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[USA-208]] ([[Space Tracking and Surveillance System|STSS-Demo |
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[List of USA satellites|USA-208]] ([[Space Tracking and Surveillance System|STSS-Demo 1]]) |
||
|user = [[U.S. Air Force]] |
|user = [[U.S. Air Force]] |
||
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
||
|function = [[Technology demonstration]]<br/>[[Missile defence]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]]<br/>[[Missile defence]] |
||
|outcome = Successful<ref name="sn-20220314">{{cite web |last=Erwin |first=Sandra |url=https://spacenews.com/dod-decommissions-two-missile-tracking-satellites-after-12-years-in-orbit/ |title=DoD decommissions two missile-tracking satellites after 12 years in orbit |work=[[SpaceNews]] |date=14 March 2022 |access-date=15 March 2022 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142434/https://spacenews.com/dod-decommissions-two-missile-tracking-satellites-after-12-years-in-orbit/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
|||
|outcome = Operational |
|||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[USA-209]] (STSS-Demo 2) |
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} [[List of USA satellites|USA-209]] ([[Space Tracking and Surveillance System|STSS-Demo 2]]) |
||
|user = [[U.S. Air Force]] |
|user = [[U.S. Air Force]] |
||
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
|orbit = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]] |
||
|function = [[Technology demonstration]]<br/>[[Missile defence]] |
|function = [[Technology demonstration]]<br/>[[Missile defence]] |
||
|outcome = |
|outcome = Successful<ref name="sn-20220314" /> |
||
}} |
}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 1,286: | Line 1,292: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 8 October |time = 18:51<ref name="WW2-Delta">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/|title=Delta 2 Launches Commercial Imagesat|last=Kyle|first=Ed|date=2009-10-08|publisher=Space Launch Report|access-date=2009-10-09| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091005063125/http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/| archive-date= 5 October 2009 | url-status= |
|date = 8 October |time = 18:51<ref name="WW2-Delta">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/|title=Delta 2 Launches Commercial Imagesat|last=Kyle|first=Ed|date=2009-10-08|publisher=Space Launch Report|access-date=2009-10-09| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091005063125/http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/| archive-date= 5 October 2009 | url-status= usurped}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Delta II]] 7920 |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Delta II]] 7920 |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Vandenberg Air Force Base|Vandenberg]] [[SLC-2W]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Vandenberg Air Force Base|Vandenberg]] [[SLC-2W]] |
||
Line 1,389: | Line 1,395: | ||
|function = [[Orbital tug]] |
|function = [[Orbital tug]] |
||
|outcome = Successful |
|outcome = Successful |
||
|d-date = 8 December |d-time = 05:27<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/somd/reports/iss_reports/2009/12082009_prt.htm|title=ISS On-Orbit Status|publisher=NASA|date=2009-12-08|access-date=2009-12-20}}</ref> |
|d-date = 8 December |d-time = 05:27<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/somd/reports/iss_reports/2009/12082009_prt.htm|title=ISS On-Orbit Status|publisher=NASA|date=2009-12-08|access-date=2009-12-20|archive-date=2 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502032147/http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/somd/reports/iss_reports/2009/12082009_prt.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
}} {{TLS-PL |
}} {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|UN}} [[Poisk (ISS module)|Poisk]] (MRM-2) |
|name = {{flagicon|UN}} [[Poisk (ISS module)|Poisk]] (MRM-2) |
||
Line 1,400: | Line 1,406: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 12 November |time = 02:45<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2009-11/12/content_12441421.htm|script-title=zh:我国成功发射"实践十一号01星"|publisher=Xinhua|date=2009-11-12|access-date=2009-11-12|language=zh| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091115163446/http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2009-11/12/content_12441421.htm| archive-date= 15 November 2009 | url-status= |
|date = 12 November |time = 02:45<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2009-11/12/content_12441421.htm|script-title=zh:我国成功发射"实践十一号01星"|publisher=Xinhua|date=2009-11-12|access-date=2009-11-12|language=zh| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091115163446/http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2009-11/12/content_12441421.htm| archive-date= 15 November 2009 | url-status= dead}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Long March 2C]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Long March 2C]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center|Jiuquan]] [[Jiuquan Launch Area 4|LA-4]] |
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center|Jiuquan]] [[Jiuquan Launch Area 4|LA-4]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation|CASC]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation|CASC]] |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Shijian |
|name = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Shijian 11-01]] |
||
|user = [[China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation|CASC]] |
|user = [[China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation|CASC]] |
||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
Line 1,493: | Line 1,499: | ||
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
|orbit = Low Earth ([[Sun-synchronous orbit|SSO]]) |
||
|function = [[Reconnaissance satellite|Reconnaissance]] |
|function = [[Reconnaissance satellite|Reconnaissance]] |
||
|outcome = Successful<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cas.go.jp/jp/houdou/pdf/170915satellite.pdf |script-title=ja:情報収集衛星光学3号機の運用終了について |language=ja |date=15 September 2017 |publisher=Cabinet Secretariat |access-date=20 September 2017}}</ref> |
|outcome = Successful<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cas.go.jp/jp/houdou/pdf/170915satellite.pdf |script-title=ja:情報収集衛星光学3号機の運用終了について |language=ja |date=15 September 2017 |publisher=Cabinet Secretariat |access-date=20 September 2017 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142433/https://www.cas.go.jp/jp/houdou/pdf/170915satellite.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
}} |
}} |
||
}} |
}} |
||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 30 November |time = 21:00<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0911/30landlaunch/ |title=Zenit rocket launches with communications satellite |work=Spaceflight Now |date=30 November 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref> |
|date = 30 November |time = 21:00<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0911/30landlaunch/ |title=Zenit rocket launches with communications satellite |work=Spaceflight Now |date=30 November 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142435/https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0911/30landlaunch/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|UKR}} [[Zenit-3SLB]]<ref name="RSW">{{cite web|url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/2009.html |title=Space exploration in 2009 |publisher=Russian Space Web |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |author2=Günes, Sedat |access-date=2008-08-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100128201450/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/2009.html |archive-date=28 January 2010 }}</ref> |
|rocket = {{flagicon|UKR}} [[Zenit-3SLB]]<ref name="RSW">{{cite web|url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/2009.html |title=Space exploration in 2009 |publisher=Russian Space Web |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |author2=Günes, Sedat |access-date=2008-08-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100128201450/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/2009.html |archive-date=28 January 2010 }}</ref> |
||
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 45|Site 45/1]] |
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 45|Site 45/1]] |
||
Line 1,516: | Line 1,522: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 6 December |time = 01:47<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-12-06-Boeings-3rd-WGS-Satellite-Sends-1st-Signals-From-Space |title=Boeing's 3rd WGS Satellite Sends 1st Signals From Space |work=[[Boeing]] |date=6 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref> |
|date = 6 December |time = 01:47<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-12-06-Boeings-3rd-WGS-Satellite-Sends-1st-Signals-From-Space |title=Boeing's 3rd WGS Satellite Sends 1st Signals From Space |work=[[Boeing]] |date=6 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142437/https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2009-12-06-Boeings-3rd-WGS-Satellite-Sends-1st-Signals-From-Space |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Delta IV]]-M+ (5,4) |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Delta IV]]-M+ (5,4) |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[CCAFS|Cape Canaveral]] [[SLC-37B]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[CCAFS|Cape Canaveral]] [[SLC-37B]] |
||
Line 1,531: | Line 1,537: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 9 December |time = 08:42<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0912/09longmarch/ |title=Chinese rocket launches with top secret spy satellite |work=Spaceflight Now |date=9 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref> |
|date = 9 December |time = 08:42<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0912/09longmarch/ |title=Chinese rocket launches with top secret spy satellite |work=Spaceflight Now |date=9 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142950/https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0912/09longmarch/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Long March 2D]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Long March 2D]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center|Jiuquan]] [[Jiuquan Launch Area 4|SLS-2]] |
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center|Jiuquan]] [[Jiuquan Launch Area 4|SLS-2]] |
||
Line 1,545: | Line 1,551: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=3 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=3 |
||
|date = 14 December |time = 10:38<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0912/14glonass/ |title=Proton launches three Russian navigation satellites |work=Spaceflight Now |date=14 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref> |
|date = 14 December |time = 10:38<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0912/14glonass/ |title=Proton launches three Russian navigation satellites |work=Spaceflight Now |date=14 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142950/https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0912/14glonass/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Proton-M]] / [[Blok D|DM-2]] Enhanced |
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Proton-M]] / [[Blok D|DM-2]] Enhanced |
||
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81|Site 81/24]] |
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81|Site 81/24]] |
||
Line 1,571: | Line 1,577: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 14 December |time = 14:09<ref>{{cite web |last=Moskowitz |first=Clara |url=https://www.space.com/7659-nasa-launches-sky-mapping-telescope.html |title=NASA Launches New Sky-mapping Telescope |work=[[Space.com]] |date=14 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref> |
|date = 14 December |time = 14:09<ref>{{cite web |last=Moskowitz |first=Clara |url=https://www.space.com/7659-nasa-launches-sky-mapping-telescope.html |title=NASA Launches New Sky-mapping Telescope |work=[[Space.com]] |date=14 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142950/https://www.space.com/7659-nasa-launches-sky-mapping-telescope.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Delta II]] 7320 |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Delta II]] 7320 |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Vandenberg Air Force Base|Vandenberg]] [[SLC-2W]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Vandenberg Air Force Base|Vandenberg]] [[SLC-2W]] |
||
Line 1,585: | Line 1,591: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2 |
||
|date = 15 December |time = 02:31<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.raumfahrer.net/news/raumfahrt/15122009075745.shtml |title=China startet YaoGan 8 und XiWang 1 |trans-title=China launches YaoGan 8 and XiWang 1 |work=Raumfahrer.net |date=15 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |language=de}}</ref> |
|date = 15 December |time = 02:31<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.raumfahrer.net/news/raumfahrt/15122009075745.shtml |title=China startet YaoGan 8 und XiWang 1 |trans-title=China launches YaoGan 8 and XiWang 1 |work=Raumfahrer.net |date=15 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |language=de |archive-date=1 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101173840/http://www.raumfahrer.net/news/raumfahrt/15122009075745.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Long March 4C]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Long March 4C]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center|Taiyuan]] [[Taiyuan Launch Complex 2|LC-2]] |
|site = {{flagicon|PRC}} [[Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center|Taiyuan]] [[Taiyuan Launch Complex 2|LC-2]] |
||
Line 1,663: | Line 1,669: | ||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Suborbital spaceflight in 2009#Delta-2|Delta-2]] |
|name = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Suborbital spaceflight in 2009#Delta-2|Delta-2]] |
||
|user = [[JAXA]]/[[Nagoya University|Nagoya]]<ref name="andoya-delta2" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~kuri/DELTA/|title=Delta-2 Campaign|work=Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory|publisher=Nagoya University|access-date=2009-01-10| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090130092136/http://www.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~kuri/DELTA/| archive-date= 30 January 2009 | url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/j/topics/topics/2009/0106_andoya.shtml |title=S-310-39実験班:アンドーヤ便り |language=ja |publisher=JAXA |access-date=2009-01-22}}</ref> |
|user = [[JAXA]]/[[Nagoya University|Nagoya]]<ref name="andoya-delta2" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~kuri/DELTA/|title=Delta-2 Campaign|work=Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory|publisher=Nagoya University|access-date=2009-01-10| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090130092136/http://www.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~kuri/DELTA/| archive-date= 30 January 2009 | url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/j/topics/topics/2009/0106_andoya.shtml |title=S-310-39実験班:アンドーヤ便り |language=ja |publisher=JAXA |access-date=2009-01-22 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203142957/https://www.isas.jaxa.jp/j/topics/topics/2009/0106_andoya.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
||
|function = [[Aurora (astronomy)|Aurora]]l<ref name="andoya-delta2" /> |
|function = [[Aurora (astronomy)|Aurora]]l<ref name="andoya-delta2" /> |
||
Line 1,818: | Line 1,824: | ||
|date = 18 March<ref name="MDA-THAAD-1803">{{cite web|url=http://www.mda.mil/mdalink/pdf/09news0003.pdf|title=Successful Intercept in Missile Defense Flight Test|date=2009-03-18|publisher=Missile Defense Agency|access-date=2009-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326064708/http://www.mda.mil/mdalink/pdf/09news0003.pdf|archive-date=26 March 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> |time = 00:25<ref name="JSR611"/> |
|date = 18 March<ref name="MDA-THAAD-1803">{{cite web|url=http://www.mda.mil/mdalink/pdf/09news0003.pdf|title=Successful Intercept in Missile Defense Flight Test|date=2009-03-18|publisher=Missile Defense Agency|access-date=2009-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326064708/http://www.mda.mil/mdalink/pdf/09news0003.pdf|archive-date=26 March 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> |time = 00:25<ref name="JSR611"/> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Threat-Representative Ballistic Missile|TRBM]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Threat-Representative Ballistic Missile|TRBM]] |
||
|flight = FTT-10a |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} {{USS|Tripoli|LPH-10|6}}, [[Pacific Missile Range Facility|Barking Sands]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} {{USS|Tripoli|LPH-10|6}}, [[Pacific Missile Range Facility|Barking Sands]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[U.S. Army]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[U.S. Army]] |
||
Line 1,833: | Line 1,840: | ||
|date = 18 March<ref name="MDA-THAAD-1803"/> |time = 00:30<ref name="JSR611"/> |
|date = 18 March<ref name="MDA-THAAD-1803"/> |time = 00:30<ref name="JSR611"/> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[THAAD]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[THAAD]] |
||
|flight = FTT-10a |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Pacific Missile Range Facility|Barking Sands]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Pacific Missile Range Facility|Barking Sands]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[U.S. Army]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[U.S. Army]] |
||
Line 1,848: | Line 1,856: | ||
|date = 18 March<ref name="MDA-THAAD-1803"/> |time = 00:30<ref name="JSR611"/> |
|date = 18 March<ref name="MDA-THAAD-1803"/> |time = 00:30<ref name="JSR611"/> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[THAAD]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[THAAD]] |
||
|flight = FTT-10a |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Pacific Missile Range Facility|Barking Sands]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Pacific Missile Range Facility|Barking Sands]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[U.S. Army]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[U.S. Army]] |
||
Line 1,892: | Line 1,901: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 7 April |
|date = 7 April |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|ISR}} [[Blue Sparrow]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|ISR}} [[Sparrow target missile|Blue Sparrow]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|ISR}} [[F-15 Eagle]], [[Israel]] |
|site = {{flagicon|ISR}} [[F-15 Eagle]], [[Israel]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|ISR}} [[Israeli Air Force]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|ISR}} [[Israeli Air Force]] |
||
Line 1,951: | Line 1,960: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2 |
||
|date = 2 May |time = 14:02{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}} |
|||
|date = 2 May |time = 14:02<ref name="SL3-Report">{{cite web|url=http://www.upaerospace.us.com/pressreleases/spaceloftsl3mission.html|title=SpaceLoft SL-3 Mission Summary|publisher=UP Aerospace|date=7 May 2009|access-date=20 December 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091130202151/http://www.upaerospace.us.com/pressreleases/spaceloftsl3mission.html| archive-date= 30 November 2009 | url-status= dead}}</ref> |
|||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[SpaceLoft XL]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[SpaceLoft XL]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Spaceport America]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Spaceport America]] |
||
Line 1,979: | Line 1,988: | ||
|LSP = {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Defence Science and Technology Organisation|DSTO]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Defence Science and Technology Organisation|DSTO]] |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = {{flagicon|AUS}}{{flagicon|USA}} [[HiFIRE 0]] |
|name = {{flagicon|AUS}}{{flagicon|USA}} [[HIFiRE|HiFIRE 0]] |
||
|user = [[Defence Science and Technology Organisation|DSTO]]/[[AFRL]] |
|user = [[Defence Science and Technology Organisation|DSTO]]/[[AFRL]] |
||
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
||
Line 2,005: | Line 2,014: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 20 May<ref name="JSR611" /> |
|date = 20 May<ref name="JSR611" /> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Sejjil-2]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Sejjil|Sejjil-2]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Semnan Space Center|Semnan]] |
|site = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Semnan Space Center|Semnan]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps|IRGC]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps|IRGC]] |
||
Line 2,019: | Line 2,028: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 22 May |time = 10:32<ref name="SSC-Mapheus">{{cite web|url=http://www.ssc.se/?id=14315|title=MAPHEUS (2009)|date=2009-05-22|publisher=Swedish Space Corporation|access-date=2009-05-22}}</ref> |
|date = 22 May |time = 10:32<ref name="SSC-Mapheus">{{cite web|url=http://www.ssc.se/?id=14315|title=MAPHEUS (2009)|date=2009-05-22|publisher=Swedish Space Corporation|access-date=2009-05-22|archive-date=3 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203143005/http://www.ssc.se/?id=14315|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Nike-Orion]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Nike-Orion]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Esrange]] |
|site = {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Esrange]] |
||
Line 2,064: | Line 2,073: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 29 May |
|date = 29 May |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon| |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Improved Orion]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara|Alcântara]] |
|site = {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara|Alcântara]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Brazilian Space Agency|AEB]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Brazilian Space Agency|AEB]] |
||
Line 2,132: | Line 2,141: | ||
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
||
|function = [[Ultraviolet astronomy|UV Astronomy]] |
|function = [[Ultraviolet astronomy|UV Astronomy]] |
||
|outcome = Spacecraft failure<ref name="Bluebook">{{cite web|url=http://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/files/BlueBook.pdf|title=Blue Book|publisher=NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office|access-date=2009-08-13}}</ref> |
|outcome = Spacecraft failure<ref name="Bluebook">{{cite web|url=http://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/files/BlueBook.pdf|title=Blue Book|publisher=NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office|access-date=2009-08-13|archive-date=4 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304015938/http://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/files/BlueBook.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|d-time = 07:40 |
|d-time = 07:40 |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 2,185: | Line 2,194: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 16 July<ref name="XH-Bulava failure">{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/17/content_11721050.htm|title=Test of Russia's Bulava missile fails|date=2009-07-17|publisher=Xinhua|access-date=2009-07-17}}</ref> |
|date = 16 July<ref name="XH-Bulava failure">{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/17/content_11721050.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090823165711/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-07/17/content_11721050.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 August 2009|title=Test of Russia's Bulava missile fails|date=2009-07-17|publisher=Xinhua|access-date=2009-07-17}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[RSM-56 Bulava]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[RSM-56 Bulava]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Russian submarine TK-208 Dmitri Donskoi|TK-208 ''Dmitri Donskoi'']], [[White Sea]] |
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Russian submarine TK-208 Dmitri Donskoi|TK-208 ''Dmitri Donskoi'']], [[White Sea]] |
||
Line 2,219: | Line 2,228: | ||
|date = 31 July |time = 03:40 |
|date = 31 July |time = 03:40 |
||
|rocket = |
|rocket = |
||
|flight = FTM-17 |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}}Kauai |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}}Kauai |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
||
Line 2,234: | Line 2,244: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 31 July |time = 03:42 |
|date = 31 July |time = 03:42 |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[RIM-161 |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[RIM-161 SM-3]] |
||
|flight = FTM-17 |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} {{USS|Hopper|DDG-70|6}} |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} {{USS|Hopper|DDG-70|6}} |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
||
Line 2,250: | Line 2,261: | ||
|date = 31 July |time = 04:00<ref name="JSR615"/> |
|date = 31 July |time = 04:00<ref name="JSR615"/> |
||
|rocket = |
|rocket = |
||
|flight = FTM-17 |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}}Kauai |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}}Kauai |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
||
|remarks = Radar target for exercise after Stellar Avenger, not intercepted |
|remarks = Radar target for exercise after Stellar Avenger, not intercepted |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|name = |
|name = |
||
|user = [[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
|user = [[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
||
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
||
Line 2,279: | Line 2,291: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 17 August |time = 12:52:00<ref>{{cite web |last=Covault |first=Craig |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0908/17wallops/ |title=Inflatable aeroshell succeeds in suborbital test |work=Spaceflight Now |date=17 August 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref> |
|date = 17 August |time = 12:52:00<ref>{{cite web |last=Covault |first=Craig |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0908/17wallops/ |title=Inflatable aeroshell succeeds in suborbital test |work=Spaceflight Now |date=17 August 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=3 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203143000/https://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0908/17wallops/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Black Brant (rocket)|Black Brant IX]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Black Brant (rocket)|Black Brant IX]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Wallops Flight Facility|Wallops Island]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[Wallops Flight Facility|Wallops Island]] |
||
Line 2,340: | Line 2,352: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 14 September |time = 17:40<ref name="Bluebook" |
|date = 14 September |time = 17:40<ref name="Bluebook"/> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Black Brant (rocket)|Black Brant IX]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Black Brant (rocket)|Black Brant IX]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[White Sands Missile Range|White Sands]] [[White Sands Missile Range Launch Complex 36|LC-36]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[White Sands Missile Range|White Sands]] [[White Sands Missile Range Launch Complex 36|LC-36]] |
||
Line 2,416: | Line 2,428: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 28 September<ref name="JSR617" /> |
|date = 28 September<ref name="JSR617" /> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Sejjil |
|rocket = {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Sejjil]]-1 |
||
|site = {{flagicon|IRN}}Iran |
|site = {{flagicon|IRN}}Iran |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|IRN}}IRGC |
|LSP = {{flagicon|IRN}}IRGC |
||
Line 2,510: | Line 2,522: | ||
|date = 28 October |time = 04:00<ref name="JSR618"/> |
|date = 28 October |time = 04:00<ref name="JSR618"/> |
||
|rocket = <!--{{flagicon|USA}}--> |
|rocket = <!--{{flagicon|USA}}--> |
||
|flight = JFTM-3 |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}}Kauai |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}}Kauai |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}}[[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}}[[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
||
Line 2,524: | Line 2,537: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 28 October |time = 04:04<ref name="JSR618"/> |
|date = 28 October |time = 04:04<ref name="JSR618"/> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}}RIM-161 |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}}RIM-161 SM-3 |
||
|flight = JFTM-3 |
|||
|site = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[JDS Myōkō (DDG-175)|JDS ''Myōkō'']], Pacific Ocean |
|site = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[JDS Myōkō (DDG-175)|JDS ''Myōkō'']], Pacific Ocean |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|JPN}}JMSDF |
|LSP = {{flagicon|JPN}}JMSDF |
||
Line 2,570: | Line 2,584: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 14 November |time = 02:30<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sched.wff.nasa.gov/wffsched/ViewItem.html?detail=0&integral=0&dropdown=1&show_stop=0&show_resources=0&style_sheet=style_wallops.css&dtwhen=2455149&cal_item_id=4373|title=SR-WS BLACK BRANT IX 36.252|publisher=NASA|work=Wallops Flight Facility Web Calendar|access-date=2009-12-06}}{{dead link|date= |
|date = 14 November |time = 02:30<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sched.wff.nasa.gov/wffsched/ViewItem.html?detail=0&integral=0&dropdown=1&show_stop=0&show_resources=0&style_sheet=style_wallops.css&dtwhen=2455149&cal_item_id=4373|title=SR-WS BLACK BRANT IX 36.252|publisher=NASA|work=Wallops Flight Facility Web Calendar|access-date=2009-12-06}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Black Brant (rocket)|Black Brant IX]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Black Brant (rocket)|Black Brant IX]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[White Sands Missile Range|White Sands]] [[White Sands Missile Range Launch Complex 36|LC-36]] |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} [[White Sands Missile Range|White Sands]] [[White Sands Missile Range Launch Complex 36|LC-36]] |
||
Line 2,578: | Line 2,592: | ||
|user = Colorado |
|user = Colorado |
||
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
|orbit = [[Sub-orbital spaceflight|Suborbital]] |
||
|function = [[X-ray astronomy]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/news/story95.html|title=36.252 UH CASH/UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO|publisher=NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office|date=2009-11-13|access-date=2009-11-14}}</ref> |
|function = [[X-ray astronomy]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/news/story95.html|title=36.252 UH CASH/UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO|publisher=NASA Sounding Rockets Program Office|date=2009-11-13|access-date=2009-11-14|archive-date=3 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203143003/https://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/news/story95.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|outcome = Successful |
|outcome = Successful |
||
|d-date = 14 November |
|d-date = 14 November |
||
Line 2,585: | Line 2,599: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 22 November|time = 11:15<ref name="ssc.se">{{cite web|url=http://www.ssc.se/?id=5104&cid=15066|title=Two successful rockets with experiments in weightlessness |
|date = 22 November|time = 11:15<ref name="ssc.se">{{cite web|url=http://www.ssc.se/?id=5104&cid=15066|title=Two successful rockets with experiments in weightlessness|publisher=SSC|date=2009-11-29|access-date=2009-11-30|archive-date=3 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203143009/http://www.ssc.se/?id=5104&cid=15066|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|BRA}} [[VSB-30]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|BRA}} [[VSB-30]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Esrange]] |
|site = {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Esrange]] |
||
Line 2,601: | Line 2,615: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 23 November |time = 14:20{{cn|date=March 2023}} |
|||
|date = 23 November |time = 14:20<ref name="Nov-Agni">{{cite web|url=http://en.rian.ru/world/20091124/156964711.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091128101128/http://en.rian.ru/world/20091124/156964711.html |archive-date=28 November 2009 |access-date=2010-01-06 |date=2009-11-24 |title=India's test launch of Agni-II ballistic missile ends in failure |publisher=RIA Novosti |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|rocket = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Agni II]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Agni II]] |
||
|site = {{flagicon|IND}} Integrated Test Range |
|site = {{flagicon|IND}} Integrated Test Range |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Indian Army]]/[[Defence Research and Development Organisation|DRDO]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Indian Army]]/[[Defence Research and Development Organisation|DRDO]] |
||
|remarks = Loss of control after second stage separation |
|remarks = Loss of control after second stage separation{{cn|date=March 2023}} |
||
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
|payload = {{TLS-PL |
||
|user = [[Indian Army]]/[[Defence Research and Development Organisation|DRDO]] |
|user = [[Indian Army]]/[[Defence Research and Development Organisation|DRDO]] |
||
Line 2,680: | Line 2,694: | ||
|date = 11 December |
|date = 11 December |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[LRALT]] |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[LRALT]] |
||
|flight = FTT-11 |
|||
|site = [[C-17 Globemaster III]], [[Pacific Ocean]] |
|site = [[C-17 Globemaster III]], [[Pacific Ocean]] |
||
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}}[[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}}[[Missile Defense Agency|MDA]] |
||
Line 2,738: | Line 2,753: | ||
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |
||
|date = 19 December<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.defencetalk.com/trident-ii-d5-missile-achieves-130th-successful-test-flight-23535/ |title=Trident II D5 Missile Achieves 130th Successful Test Flight |work=DefenseTalk |date=31 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020}}</ref> |
|date = 19 December<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.defencetalk.com/trident-ii-d5-missile-achieves-130th-successful-test-flight-23535/ |title=Trident II D5 Missile Achieves 130th Successful Test Flight |work=DefenseTalk |date=31 December 2009 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=19 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519190125/http://www.defencetalk.com/trident-ii-d5-missile-achieves-130th-successful-test-flight-23535/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
||
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[UGM-133 Trident II]] D5 |
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} [[UGM-133 Trident II]] D5 |
||
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} {{USS|Alaska|SSBN-732|6}} |
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} {{USS|Alaska|SSBN-732|6}} |
||
Line 2,782: | Line 2,797: | ||
|17 February || [[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]] || Flyby of [[Mars]] || [[Gravity assist]], closest approach {{convert|549|km}} at 00:28 GMT |
|17 February || [[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]] || Flyby of [[Mars]] || [[Gravity assist]], closest approach {{convert|549|km}} at 00:28 GMT |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|1 March<ref name="Chang'e EOM">{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/01/content_10923205.htm|title=China's lunar probe Chang'e-1 impacts moon|last=Guodong|first=Du |date=1 March 2009|publisher=Xinhua|access-date=1 March 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090302170937/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/01/content_10923205.htm| archive-date= 2 March 2009 | url-status= |
|1 March<ref name="Chang'e EOM">{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/01/content_10923205.htm|title=China's lunar probe Chang'e-1 impacts moon|last=Guodong|first=Du |date=1 March 2009|publisher=Xinhua|access-date=1 March 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090302170937/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-03/01/content_10923205.htm| archive-date= 2 March 2009 | url-status= dead}}</ref> || [[Chang'e 1]] || Lunar impact || Deorbited at 07:36 and impacted at 08:13<ref name="Chang'e EOM"/> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|27 March|| Cassini || 51st flyby of Titan || Closest approach: {{convert|960|km|mi}} |
|27 March|| Cassini || 51st flyby of Titan || Closest approach: {{convert|960|km|mi}} |
||
Line 2,812: | Line 2,827: | ||
|25 August|| Cassini || 61st flyby of Titan || Closest approach: {{convert|970|km|mi}} |
|25 August|| Cassini || 61st flyby of Titan || Closest approach: {{convert|970|km|mi}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|17 September || [[Artemis P1]] || Lunar flyby || Closest approach: {{convert|43875|km|mi}} at 00:49 UTC<ref name="JSR628">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/jsr/latest.html|title=Issue 628|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|access-date=23 May 2010}}</ref> |
|17 September || [[Artemis P1]] || Lunar flyby || Closest approach: {{convert|43875|km|mi}} at 00:49 UTC<ref name="JSR628">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/jsr/latest.html|title=Issue 628|last=McDowell|first=Jonathan|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|access-date=23 May 2010|archive-date=5 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705133729/https://planet4589.org/space/jsr/latest.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{nowrap|30 September}} || [[MESSENGER]] || {{nowrap|3rd flyby of [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]}} || Gravity assist, closest approach: {{convert|229|km|mi}}<ref>{{cite web|title=MESSENGER Gains Critical Gravity Assist for Mercury Orbital Observations |url=http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/news_room/details.php?id=136 |date=30 September 2009 |publisher=MESSENGER Mission News |access-date=30 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510175510/http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/news_room/details.php?id=136 |archive-date=10 May 2013 }}</ref> |
|{{nowrap|30 September}} || [[MESSENGER]] || {{nowrap|3rd flyby of [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]]}} || Gravity assist, closest approach: {{convert|229|km|mi}}<ref>{{cite web|title=MESSENGER Gains Critical Gravity Assist for Mercury Orbital Observations |url=http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/news_room/details.php?id=136 |date=30 September 2009 |publisher=MESSENGER Mission News |access-date=30 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510175510/http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/news_room/details.php?id=136 |archive-date=10 May 2013 }}</ref> |
||
Line 2,852: | Line 2,867: | ||
|{{nowrap|[[Expedition 18]]}}<br/>[[International Space Station|ISS]] ''[[Pirs (ISS module)|Pirs]]'' |
|{{nowrap|[[Expedition 18]]}}<br/>[[International Space Station|ISS]] ''[[Pirs (ISS module)|Pirs]]'' |
||
|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Yuri Lonchakov]]<br/>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Michael Fincke]] |
|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Yuri Lonchakov]]<br/>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Michael Fincke]] |
||
|Installed the EXPOSE-R experiment, removed tape straps from a docking target on the ''Pirs'' docking compartment, inspected and photographed the exterior of the Russian portion of the station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-03-10-voa62.cfm |title=Space Station Astronauts Complete Space Walk Ahead of Shuttle Launch |access-date=11 March 2009 |publisher=Voice of America |date=10 March 2009 |author=Brian Wagner |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313000132/http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-03-10-voa62.cfm |archive-date=13 March 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/osf/iss_reports/reports2009/03-11-2009.htm|title=ISS On-Orbit Status 03/11/09|access-date=11 March 2009|publisher=NASA|year=2009|author=NASA}} |
|Installed the EXPOSE-R experiment, removed tape straps from a docking target on the ''Pirs'' docking compartment, inspected and photographed the exterior of the Russian portion of the station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-03-10-voa62.cfm |title=Space Station Astronauts Complete Space Walk Ahead of Shuttle Launch |access-date=11 March 2009 |publisher=Voice of America |date=10 March 2009 |author=Brian Wagner |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313000132/http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-03-10-voa62.cfm |archive-date=13 March 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/osf/iss_reports/reports2009/03-11-2009.htm|title=ISS On-Orbit Status 03/11/09|access-date=11 March 2009|publisher=NASA|year=2009|author=NASA}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} </ref> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|19 March<br/>17:16 |
|19 March<br/>17:16 |
||
Line 2,908: | Line 2,923: | ||
|STS-125<br/>''Atlantis'' |
|STS-125<br/>''Atlantis'' |
||
|{{flagicon|USA}}John M. Grunsfeld<br/>{{flagicon|USA}}Andrew J. Feustel |
|{{flagicon|USA}}John M. Grunsfeld<br/>{{flagicon|USA}}Andrew J. Feustel |
||
|HST servicing: Final HST servicing EVA, final EVA from Space Shuttle. Replaced second battery, installed [[Fine Guidance Sensor|FGS-3]], replaced some insulation and a low-gain antenna cover.<ref name="SR15">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/news/STS-125-15.html|title=STS-125 MCC Status Report #15|access-date=22 May 2009|publisher=NASA|date=11 May 2009|author=NASA| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090521091601/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/news/STS-125-15.html| archive-date= 21 May 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="lastwalk">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_channel.jsp?channel=space&id=news/FINE051809.xml|title=Hubble Wraps Final Spacewalk|access-date=22 May 2009|publisher=Aviation Week|date=18 May 2009|author=Aviation Week}}</ref><ref name="EVA5d">{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts125/090518fd8/index3.html|title=Astronauts install insulation panels to complete servicing|last=William Harwood for CBS News|date=18 May 2009|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=22 May 2009}}</ref> |
|HST servicing: Final HST servicing EVA, final EVA from Space Shuttle. Replaced second battery, installed [[Fine Guidance Sensor|FGS-3]], replaced some insulation and a low-gain antenna cover.<ref name="SR15">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/news/STS-125-15.html|title=STS-125 MCC Status Report #15|access-date=22 May 2009|publisher=NASA|date=11 May 2009|author=NASA| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090521091601/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/news/STS-125-15.html| archive-date= 21 May 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="lastwalk">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_channel.jsp?channel=space&id=news/FINE051809.xml|title=Hubble Wraps Final Spacewalk|access-date=22 May 2009|publisher=Aviation Week|date=18 May 2009|author=Aviation Week}}{{Dead link|date=June 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="EVA5d">{{cite web|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts125/090518fd8/index3.html|title=Astronauts install insulation panels to complete servicing|last=William Harwood for CBS News|date=18 May 2009|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=22 May 2009|archive-date=3 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203143512/https://spaceflightnow.com/shuttle/sts125/090518fd8/index3.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
||
|5 June<br/>07:52 |
|5 June<br/>07:52 |
||
Line 2,915: | Line 2,930: | ||
|[[Expedition 20]]<br/>ISS ''Pirs'' |
|[[Expedition 20]]<br/>ISS ''Pirs'' |
||
|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Gennady Padalka]]<br/>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Michael R. Barratt]] |
|{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Gennady Padalka]]<br/>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Michael R. Barratt]] |
||
|Prepared the [[Zvezda (ISS module)|''Zvezda'']] service module transfer compartment for the arrival of the [[Poisk (ISS module)|''Poisk'']] module, installed docking antenna for the module, photographed antenna for evaluation on the ground, and photographed the Strela-2 crane. First use of the [[Orlan space suit|Orlan-MK]] spacesuit.<ref name="exp20eva1">{{cite news|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/station/exp20/090605evaends.html|title=Successful spacewalk ends|last=William Harwood for CBS News|date=5 June 2009|publisher=Spaceflightnow.com|access-date=5 June 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090608070954/http://spaceflightnow.com/station/exp20/090605evaends.html| archive-date= 8 June 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="presskit">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/320539main_Expedition_19_20_Press_Kit.pdf|title=Expedition 20 Press Kit|author=NASA|date=March 2009|publisher=NASA|access-date=4 June 2009|format=.pdf| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090616233929/http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/320539main_Expedition_19_20_Press_Kit.pdf| archive-date= 16 |
|Prepared the [[Zvezda (ISS module)|''Zvezda'']] service module transfer compartment for the arrival of the [[Poisk (ISS module)|''Poisk'']] module, installed docking antenna for the module, photographed antenna for evaluation on the ground, and photographed the Strela-2 crane. First use of the [[Orlan space suit|Orlan-MK]] spacesuit.<ref name="exp20eva1">{{cite news|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/station/exp20/090605evaends.html|title=Successful spacewalk ends|last=William Harwood for CBS News|date=5 June 2009|publisher=Spaceflightnow.com|access-date=5 June 2009| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090608070954/http://spaceflightnow.com/station/exp20/090605evaends.html| archive-date= 8 June 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="presskit">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/320539main_Expedition_19_20_Press_Kit.pdf|title=Expedition 20 Press Kit|author=NASA|date=March 2009|publisher=NASA|access-date=4 June 2009|format=.pdf| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090616233929/http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/320539main_Expedition_19_20_Press_Kit.pdf| archive-date= 16 June 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
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|10 June<br/>06:55 |
|10 June<br/>06:55 |
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|Expedition 20<br/>ISS [[Zvezda (ISS module)|''Zvezda'']] |
|Expedition 20<br/>ISS [[Zvezda (ISS module)|''Zvezda'']] |
||
|{{flagicon|RUS}}Gennady Padalka<br/>{{flagicon|USA}}Michael R. Barratt |
|{{flagicon|RUS}}Gennady Padalka<br/>{{flagicon|USA}}Michael R. Barratt |
||
|Internal spacewalk in the depressurised ''Zvezda'' transfer compartment, replaced one of the ''Zvezda'' hatches with a docking cone, in preparation for the docking of ''Poisk'', later this year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/356098main_korth_exp20_crew_location.jpg|title=Expedition 20 Spacewalk Briefing Materials|last=David Korth, Expedition 20 Spacewalk Flight Director |
|Internal spacewalk in the depressurised ''Zvezda'' transfer compartment, replaced one of the ''Zvezda'' hatches with a docking cone, in preparation for the docking of ''Poisk'', later this year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/356098main_korth_exp20_crew_location.jpg|title=Expedition 20 Spacewalk Briefing Materials|last=David Korth, Expedition 20 Spacewalk Flight Director|date=4 June 2009|publisher=NASA|access-date=10 June 2009|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304202813/http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/356098main_korth_exp20_crew_location.jpg|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
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|18 July<br/>16:19 |
|18 July<br/>16:19 |
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Line 3,037: | Line 3,052: | ||
| style="background:darkorange;" | ||align=left| {{IND}} || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || |
| style="background:darkorange;" | ||align=left| {{IND}} || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:darkgreen;" | ||align=left| {{IRN}} || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || First successful orbital launch<ref name="JSR606"/> |
| style="background:darkgreen;" | ||align=left| {{IRN}} || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || align=left|First successful orbital launch<ref name="JSR606"/> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:white;" | ||align=left| {{JPN}} || 3 || 3 || 0 || 0 || |
| style="background:white;" | ||align=left| {{JPN}} || 3 || 3 || 0 || 0 || |
||
Line 3,043: | Line 3,058: | ||
| style="background:crimson;" | ||align=left| {{PRK}} || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || |
| style="background:crimson;" | ||align=left| {{PRK}} || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:purple;" | ||align=left| {{KOR|1997}} || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || With Russian assistance |
| style="background:purple;" | ||align=left| {{KOR|1997}} || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || align=left|With Russian assistance |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| style="background:brown;" | ||align=left| {{RUS}} || 27 || 26 || 1 || 0 || |
| style="background:brown;" | ||align=left| {{RUS}} || 27 || 26 || 1 || 0 || |
||
Line 3,058: | Line 3,073: | ||
{{ #invoke:Chart | bar chart |
{{ #invoke:Chart | bar chart |
||
| float = center |
| float = center |
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| width = |
| width = 990 |
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| height = 400 |
| height = 400 |
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| stack = 1 |
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| group 1 = 7:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Ariane 5 --> |
| group 1 = 7:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Ariane 5 --> |
||
| group 2 = 0: 5:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Atlas V --> |
| group 2 = 0: 5:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Atlas V --> |
||
| group 3 = 0:0: 8:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Delta II --> |
| group 3 = 0:0: 8:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Delta II --> |
||
| group 4 = 0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Delta IV --> |
| group 4 = 0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Delta IV --> |
||
| group 5 = 0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Delta IV Heavy --> |
| group 5 = 0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Delta IV Heavy --> |
||
| group 6 = 0:0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- H-IIA --> |
| group 6 = 0:0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- H-IIA --> |
||
| group 7 = 0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- H-IIB --> |
| group 7 = 0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- H-IIB --> |
||
| group 8 = 0:0:0:0: 3:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Long March 2 --> |
| group 8 = 0:0:0:0: 3:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Long March 2 --> |
||
| group 9 = 0:0:0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Long March 3 --> |
| group 9 = 0:0:0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Long March 3 --> |
||
| group 10 = 0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Long March 4 --> |
| group 10 = 0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Long March 4 --> |
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| group 11 = 0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Minotaur I --> |
| group 11 = 0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Minotaur I --> |
||
| group 12 = 0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Taurus --> |
| group 12 = 0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Taurus --> |
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| group 13 = 0:0:0:0:0:0: |
| group 13 = 0:0:0:0:0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- PSLV --> |
||
| group 14 = 0:0:0:0:0:0 |
| group 14 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 7:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Soyuz-U --> |
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| group 15 = 0:0:0:0:0:0 |
| group 15 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 4:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Soyuz-FG --> |
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| group 16 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: |
| group 16 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 2:0:0:0:0:0 <!-- Soyuz-2 --> |
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| group 17 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1 |
| group 17 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0 <!-- Dnepr --> |
||
| group 18 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: |
| group 18 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 1:0:0:0:0 <!-- Tsyklon 3 --> |
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| group 19 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: |
| group 19 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 5:0:0:0 <!-- Shuttle --> |
||
| group 20 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 2:0:0 <!-- Proton-K --> |
| group 20 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 2:0:0 <!-- Proton-K --> |
||
| group 21 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 8:0:0 <!-- Proton-M --> |
| group 21 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 8:0:0 <!-- Proton-M --> |
||
Line 3,086: | Line 3,101: | ||
| group 24 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 5 <!-- Others --> |
| group 24 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0: 5 <!-- Others --> |
||
| group 25 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:15 <!-- Fake --> |
| group 25 = 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:15 <!-- Fake --> |
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| colors = MediumBlue : Goldenrod : SteelBlue : LightSteelBlue : DarkBlue : Olive : DarkKhaki : FireBrick : IndianRed : Salmon: DarkGreen : SeaGreen : Grey : DarkGrey : Chocolate : Yellow : Orange : SaddleBrown |
| colors = MediumBlue : Goldenrod : SteelBlue : LightSteelBlue : DarkBlue : Olive : DarkKhaki : FireBrick : IndianRed : Salmon : DarkGreen : SeaGreen : Gold : Grey : DarkGrey : Chocolate : Yellow : Orange : SaddleBrown : Peru : Tan : Wheat : Orchid : LightGrey: White |
||
| group names = [[Ariane 5]] : [[Atlas V]] : [[Delta II]] : [[Delta IV]] : [[Delta IV Heavy]] : [[H-IIA]] : [[H-IIB]] : [[Long March 2]] : [[Long March (rocket family)#Variants|Long March 3]] : [[Long March (rocket family)#Variants|Long March 4]] : [[Minotaur I]] : [[Minotaur-C|Taurus]] : [[Soyuz-U]] : [[Soyuz-FG]] : [[Soyuz-2]] : [[Dnepr (rocket)|Dnepr]] : [[Tsyklon-3]] : [[Space Shuttle |
| group names = [[Ariane 5]] : [[Atlas V]] : [[Delta II]] : [[Delta IV]] : [[Delta IV Heavy]] : [[H-IIA]] : [[H-IIB]] : [[Long March 2]] : [[Long March (rocket family)#Variants|Long March 3]] : [[Long March (rocket family)#Variants|Long March 4]] : [[Minotaur I]] : [[Minotaur-C|Taurus]] : [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]] : [[Soyuz-U]] : [[Soyuz-FG]] : [[Soyuz-2]] : [[Dnepr (rocket)|Dnepr]] : [[Tsyklon-3]] : [[Space Shuttle]] : [[Proton-K]] : [[Proton-M]] : [[Rokot]] : [[Zenit-3SL]]/SLB : [[Comparison of orbital launch systems|Others]]: |
||
| x legends = [[Ariane (rocket family)|Ariane]] : [[Atlas (rocket family)|Atlas]] : [[Delta (rocket family)|Delta]] : [[List of H-II and H3 launches|H-II]] : [[Long March (rocket family)|Long March]] : [[Minotaur (rocket family)|Minotaur]] : [[R-7 (rocket family)|R-7]] : [[R-36 (missile)|R-36]] : [[Space Shuttle|Shuttle]] |
| x legends = [[Ariane (rocket family)|Ariane]] : [[Atlas (rocket family)|Atlas]] : [[Delta (rocket family)|Delta]] : [[List of H-II and H3 launches|H-II]] : [[Long March (rocket family)|Long March]] : [[Minotaur (rocket family)|Minotaur]] : [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]] : [[R-7 (rocket family)|R-7]] : [[R-36 (missile)|R-36]] : [[Space Shuttle|Shuttle]] : [[Universal Rocket|UR]] : [[Zenit (rocket family)|Zenit]] :[[Comparison of orbital launch systems|Others]] |
||
| units suffix = _launches |
| units suffix = _launches |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 3,118: | Line 3,133: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
|align=left|[[Minotaur (rocket family)|Minotaur]] ||align=left| {{USA}} || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || |
|align=left|[[Minotaur (rocket family)|Minotaur]] ||align=left| {{USA}} || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |align=left|[[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]] ||align=left| {{IND}} || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|align=left|[[R-7 (rocket family)|R-7]] ||align=left| {{RUS}} || 13 || 12 || 1 || 0 || |
|align=left|[[R-7 (rocket family)|R-7]] ||align=left| {{RUS}} || 13 || 12 || 1 || 0 || |
||
Line 3,128: | Line 3,145: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
|align=left|[[Space Shuttle]] ||align=left| {{USA}} || 5 || 5 || 0 || 0 || |
|align=left|[[Space Shuttle]] ||align=left| {{USA}} || 5 || 5 || 0 || 0 || |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ |
|align=left|[[ |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|align=left|[[Unha]] ||align=left| {{PRK}} || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || |
|align=left|[[Unha]] ||align=left| {{PRK}} || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || |
||
Line 3,181: | Line 3,196: | ||
|align=left|[[Proton (rocket family)|Proton]] ||align=left| {{RUS}} ||align=left| Universal Rocket || 10 || 10 || 0 || 0 || |
|align=left|[[Proton (rocket family)|Proton]] ||align=left| {{RUS}} ||align=left| Universal Rocket || 10 || 10 || 0 || 0 || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|align=left|[[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]] ||align=left| {{IND}} ||align=left| |
|align=left|[[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]] ||align=left| {{IND}} ||align=left| PSLV || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|align=left|[[Safir (rocket)|Safir]] ||align=left| {{IRN}} ||align=left| Safir || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || |
|align=left|[[Safir (rocket)|Safir]] ||align=left| {{IRN}} ||align=left| Safir || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || |
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Line 3,419: | Line 3,434: | ||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
*[[List of human spaceflights |
*[[List of human spaceflights]] |
||
*[[Suborbital spaceflight in 2009]] |
*[[Suborbital spaceflight in 2009]] |
||
*[[Timeline of spaceflight]] |
*[[Timeline of spaceflight]] |
![]()
The Hubble Space Telescope was serviced for the last time during the STS-125 mission
| |
Orbital launches | |
---|---|
First | 18 January |
Last | 29 December |
Total | 78 |
Successes | 73 |
Failures | 4 |
Partial failures | 1 |
Catalogued | 75 |
National firsts | |
Spaceflight | ![]() |
Satellite | ![]() |
Orbital launch | ![]() |
Rockets | |
Maiden flights | Delta IV-M+ (5,4) H-IIB Naro-1 Taurus-XL 3110 Unha-2 |
Retirements | Ariane 5GS Falcon 1 Tsyklon-3 |
Crewed flights | |
Orbital | 9 |
Total travellers | 46 |
|
Several significant events in spaceflight occurred in 2009, including Iran conducting its first indigenous orbital launch, the first Swiss satellite being launched and New Zealand launching its first sounding rocket. The H-IIB and Naro-1 rockets conducted maiden flights, whilst the Tsyklon-3, Falcon 1 and Ariane 5GS were retired from service.[3][4] The permanent crew of the International Space Station increased from three to six in May, and in the last few months of the year, Japan's first resupply mission to the outpost, HTV-1, was conducted successfully.
The internationally accepted definition of a spaceflight is any flight which crosses the Kármán line, 100 kilometres above sea level. The first spaceflight launch of the year was that of a Delta IV Heavy, carrying the USA-202 ELINT satellite, which launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station at 02:47 GMT on 18 January. This was also the first orbital launch of the year.
On 2 February, Iran conducted its first successful orbital launch,[2] when a Safir was used to place the Omid satellite into low Earth orbit.
At 16:56 GMT on 10 February, the first major collision between two satellites in orbit occurred, resulting in the destruction of Kosmos 2251 and Iridium 33, launched in 1993 and 1997 respectively. Up until the collision, Iridium 33 was operational, and an active part of the Iridium network of satellites, whilst Kosmos 2251 was an inactive piece of space junk.
On 25 August, the Russo- South Korean Naro-1 rocket made its maiden flight on 25 August, marking South Korea's first involvement in conducting a satellite launch attempt, however the rocket failed to reach orbit after its payload fairing malfunctioned.
The first flight of the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket was scheduled to occur in November, but was delayed to February 2010 to allow more time for preparations. The SpaceX Dragon, a commercial uncrewed logistics spacecraft which was developed as part of NASA's COTS programme, was also scheduled to make its first flight in 2009, however its launch has also slipped to 2010 as a result of knock-on delays. The first H-II Transfer Vehicle, HTV-1, was successfully launched on the maiden flight of the H-IIB carrier rocket on 10 September. The first Swiss satellite, SwissCube-1, was launched on 23 September aboard a PSLV.
On 18 December, the Ariane 5GS made its final flight, delivering the Helios-IIB satellite into a Sun-synchronous orbit. The last orbital launch of the year was conducted eleven days later, on 29 December, when a Proton-M with a Briz-M upper stage launched the DirecTV-12 satellite.
Although no planetary probes were launched in 2009, four astronomical observatories were placed into orbit. The Kepler spacecraft, which was launched by a Delta II on 7 March, entered an Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit from where it will search for exoplanets. On 14 May, and Ariane 5ECA launched the Herschel and Planck spacecraft. Both were placed at the L2 Lagrangian point between the Earth and Sun, from where they will be used for astronomy. Herschel carries an infrared telescope whilst Planck carries an optical one. The fourth observatory to be launched was the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE, which is a replacement for the Wide Field Infrared Explorer which failed shortly after launch. WISE was launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit by a Delta II on 14 December, and will be used for infrared astronomy. Repairs made to the Hubble Space Telescope during STS-125 restored it to full operations after a series of malfunctions in 2008.
Two lunar probes were launched in 2009; the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite were launched on a single Atlas V rocket on 18 June. LRO entered selenocentric orbit and began a series of experiments, whilst LCROSS remained attached to the Centaur upper stage of the carrier rocket, and flew past the Moon. After orbiting the Earth twice, LCROSS separated from the upper stage and both it and the Centaur impacted the Cabeus crater at the South Pole of the Moon, on 9 October. By observing the Centaur's impact, LCROSS was able to confirm the presence of water on the Moon.[5] Several other Lunar probes ceased operations in 2009; Okina impacted the far side of the Moon on 12 February, Chang'e 1 was deorbited on 1 March, having completed its operations. Kaguya was also deorbited following a successful mission, impacting near Gill crater on 12 June. The Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft failed on 29 August, having operated for less than half of its design life.
The Mars Science Laboratory and Fobos-Grunt missions to Mars had been scheduled for launch at the end of 2009, however both were delayed to 2011 to allow more time for the spacecraft to be developed. Fobos-Grunt, a sample return mission to Mars' natural satellite Phobos, would have carried the first Chinese planetary probe, Yinghuo-1.
Several flybys occurred in 2009, with Cassini continuing to orbit Saturn, passing close to a number of its natural satellites. In February, Dawn passed within 549 kilometres (341 mi) of Mars, during a gravity assist manoeuvre for its journey to the asteroid belt. In September, MESSENGER made its third and final flyby of Mercury before entering orbit in 2011. Whilst the primary objective of the flyby, achieving a gravitational assist, was successful, the spacecraft entered safe mode shortly before its closest approach, which prevented it recording data as it flew away from the planet.[6] In November, the Rosetta spacecraft performed its third and final gravity assist flyby of Earth.
Nine crewed launches occurred in 2009, the most since 1997. STS-119, using Space Shuttle Discovery, was launched on 15 March. It installed the last set of solar arrays on the International Space Station. Soyuz TMA-14, the 100th crewed Soyuz launch, delivered the Expedition 19 crew in March. In May, Space Shuttle Atlantis conducted the final mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope, STS-125. Several days later, Soyuz TMA-15 launched with the ISS Expedition 20 crew, brought the total ISS crew size up to six for the first time. This was also the 100th crewed spaceflight of the Soyuz programme, excluding the original Soyuz T-10 mission which failed to reach space. In July, Space Shuttle Endeavour delivered the final component of the Japanese Experiment Module on mission STS-127. STS-128, using Discovery in August, delivered supplies using the Leonardo MPLM. September saw the launch of Soyuz TMA-16, with the ISS Expedition 21 crew. This was the 100th crewed Soyuz mission reach orbit. In November, Space Shuttle Atlantis flew mission STS-129, delivering two EXPRESS Logistics Carriers to the ISS. The final crewed flight of the year, Soyuz TMA-17, was launched on 20 December with the ISS Expedition 22 crew.
Although not a spaceflight in its own right, the Ares I-X test flight was conducted on 28 October, with the rocket lifting off from Launch Complex 39B of the Kennedy Space Center at 15:30 GMT. The flight was successful and reached an altitude of around 46 kilometres (29 mi), within the upper atmosphere. A parachute failure during descent resulted in some damage to the first stage, which was recovered.
Four orbital launch failures occurred in 2009. On 24 February, a Taurus-XL launched from the Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, United States, with the Orbiting Carbon Observatory. The payload fairing did not separate from the rocket, leaving the upper stage with too much mass to reach orbit. The stage, with spacecraft and fairing still attached, reentered the atmosphere, coming down off the coast of Antarctica. The second failure was a controversial North Korean launch attempt using an Unha rocket to launch the Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 communications satellite. The launch was conducted on 5 April, and North Korea maintains that it successfully reached orbit, however no objects from the launch were tracked as having orbital velocity, and US radar systems tracking the rocket detected that it failed at around the time of third stage ignition, with debris falling in the Pacific Ocean.
ASoyuz-2.1a suffered a failure during the launch of Meridian 2 on 21 May, due to the premature cutoff of the second core stage of the carrier rocket. The satellite was placed in a lower than planned orbit, which it was initially expected to be able to correct by means of its onboard propulsion system, and the launch was reported to be a partial failure. By the time of the next Meridian launch in 2010 it had been confirmed that the satellite could not correct its own orbit, and that the mission was a failure.[7] On 25 August, the Naro-1 rocket was launched on its maiden flight, however one half of the payload fairing failed to separate, and it did not reach orbit.
On 31 August a Long March 3B placed the Palapa-D satellite into a lower than expected orbit after its third stage gas generator burned through, resulting in an engine failure at the start of the second burn.[8] The satellite was able to raise itself to its correct orbit at the expense of fuel which would have been used for five or six years of operations.[8]
In total, seventy eight orbital launches were attempted in 2009, with seventy five catalogued as having reached orbit, and the three outright launch failures, including the North Korean launch, not being catalogued. This is an increase of nine attempts compared to 2008, and eight more launches reached orbit. This continues a four-year trend of increasing annual launch rates. The United States National Space Science Data Center catalogued 123 spacecraft placed into orbit by launches which occurred in 2009.[9]
Suborbital spaceflight in 2009 saw a number of sounding rocket and missile launches. New Zealand's Ātea-1 sounding rocket was launched on 30 November, marking that country's first suborbital flight. Russia twice attempted launches of its Bulava missile, however both launches failed. The second failure, which occurred on 9 December, resulted in a spiral pattern which was observed in the sky over Norway. The SpaceLoft-XL rocket experienced another launch failure during its third flight, on 2 May. The payload section separated from the rocket whilst it was still burning, and as a result the vehicle did not reach space.[10] It had been carrying samples of cremated human remains for Celestis, and student experiments.
China conducted six launches in 2009; satellite problems early in the year followed by the fallout of the August partial launch failure resulted in many planned launches slipping into 2010. Europe launched seven Ariane 5 rockets, six in the ECA configuration and one in the GS configuration. It had also intended to launch the first Vega rocket, however this was delayed due to ongoing development issues, which had already left the project several years behind schedule. India conducted two launches of Polar Satellite Launch Vehicles, however the first flight of a new variant of the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle with an Indian-built upper stage slipped into 2010. Japan conducted three launches; two using the H-IIA, plus the first H-IIB. Russia and the former Soviet Union conducted twenty nine launches, not including the international Sea and Land launch programmes, which conducted four, and the single Naro-1 launch conducted in cooperation with South Korea.
The United States made twenty four launch attempts, with the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicles accounting for eight; the most EELV launches in a single year to date. Eight Delta II launches were also made, including its last mission with a GPS satellite, and its last flight with a payload for the United States armed forces. As the Delta II programme wound down, Space Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, one of the oldest operational launch pads in the world, was deactivated. SpaceX launched a single Falcon 1, which successfully placed an operational satellite into orbit for the first time. This was the final flight of the Falcon 1, which was subsequently retired from service in favour of the Falcon 1e.[4] At the start of the year, a mockup Falcon 9 was erected on its launch pad at Canaveral, however the type's maiden flight slipped into 2010.
Sea Launch only conducted a single launch in 2009; a Zenit-3SL launched Sicral 1B in April. In June, the company was declared bankrupt,[11] and subsequently it lost a number of launch contracts.[12] By the end of the year it was expecting to resume launches in 2010.[12] Its subsidiary, Land Launch, conducted three launches. Iran made its first successful indigenous orbital launch, however planned follow-up launches had not been conducted by the end of the year. North Korea made one launch which it claimed had successfully placed a satellite into orbit, however no such satellite was detected by any country capable of doing so. Israel was not reported to have scheduled or conducted an orbital launch attempt.
|
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Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
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Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
26 January 00:15[122] |
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JAXA/Nagoya[122][123][124] | Suborbital | Auroral[122] | 26 January | Successful | ||
29 January 09:49 |
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University of Iowa | Suborbital | Auroral | 09:59 | Successful | ||
29 January 09:51 |
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University of Iowa | Suborbital | Auroral | 10:01 | Successful | ||
13 February[126] | ![]() |
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U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 February | Successful | |||
18 February 09:52:00[127] |
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Clemson | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 18 February | Successful | |||
18 February 10:29:00[127] |
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Clemson | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 18 February | Successful | |||
18 February 10:59:00[127] |
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Clemson | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 18 February | Successful | |||
18 February 11:47:00[127] |
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Clemson | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 18 February | Successful | |||
25 February 10:45[128] |
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Caltech | Suborbital | IR Astronomy[129] | 10:55 | Successful | ||
February[30] | ![]() |
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U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | February | Successful | |||
6 March 10:54[130] |
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DRDO | Suborbital | Target | 6 March | Successful | |||
Target for successful Prithvi interceptor test, apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi)[130] | |||||||
18 March[131] 00:25[66] |
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FTT-10a | ![]() |
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U.S. Army/MDA | Suborbital | Target | 18 March | Successful | |||
Intercepted by THAAD launched at 00:30 UTC[131][66] | |||||||
18 March[131] 00:30[66] |
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FTT-10a | ![]() |
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U.S. Army/MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 18 March | Successful | |||
Intercepted target missile[131] | |||||||
18 March[131] 00:30[66] |
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FTT-10a | ![]() |
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U.S. Army/MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 18 March | Successful | |||
Backup interceptor, destroyed by range safety after first missile succeeded[132] | |||||||
20 March 11:04 |
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Dartmouth | Suborbital | Auroral | 20 March | Successful | ||
25 March 13:25[133] |
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U.S. Army | Suborbital | Target | 25 March | Successful | |||
Target for MIM-104 Patriot PAC-3 test, interceptor failed | |||||||
7 April | ![]() |
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Israeli Air Force | Suborbital | Arrow-2 target | 7 April | Successful | |||
Arrow-2 target, successfully intercepted | |||||||
7 April | ![]() |
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IAI/Israeli Defense Forces | Suborbital | ABM Test | 7 April | Successful | |||
Successful intercept of a Blue Sparrow target over the Mediterranean | |||||||
10 April 09:10 |
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RVSN RF | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 April | Successful | |||
17 April 11:17[134] |
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US Air Force Academy | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 17 April | Successful | ||
Apogee: 108 kilometres (67 mi),[134] first student-built rocket to reach space | |||||||
2 May 14:02[citation needed] |
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NMSGC | Suborbital | Student research | 2 May | Launch failure[136] | ||
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Celestis | Suborbital | Space burial | ||||
Failed to reach space due to premature payload separation whilst rocket was still burning[10][135][136] | |||||||
7 May 02:42:00[137] |
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DSTO/AFRL | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 7 May | Successful | ||
19 May 04:36 |
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Indian Army/DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | +127 seconds | Launch failure | |||
Loss of control, landed in sea 203 kilometres (126 mi) downrange[138] | |||||||
20 May[66] | ![]() |
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IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 May | Successful | |||
Apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi) | |||||||
22 May 10:32[139] |
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DLR | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 22 May | Successful | ||
Apogee: 140.8 kilometres (87.5 mi)[139] | |||||||
26 May | ![]() |
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Royal Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 July | Successful | |||
28 May 16:52 |
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NASA | Suborbital | 28 May | Successful | |||
29 May | ![]() |
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INPE | Suborbital | Microgravity | 29 May | Successful | ||
6 June | ![]() |
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U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | YAL-1 target | 6 June | Successful | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
13 June | ![]() |
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U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | YAL-1 target | 13 June | Successful | |||
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
26 June 09:30 |
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University of Colorado | Suborbital | Student research | 09:45 | Successful | ||
27 June 07:30 |
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University of Colorado | Suborbital | UV Astronomy | 07:40 | Spacecraft failure[140] | ||
29 June 10:01 |
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U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 June | Successful | ||
13 July 01:20[141] |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 July | Successful | |||
Carried ten re-entry vehicles, impacted Kura Test Range | |||||||
13 July 23:50[141] |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 July | Successful | |||
Carried ten re-entry vehicles, impacted Chizha test site | |||||||
16 July[142] | ![]() |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 July | Launch failure | |||
First stage malfunction[142] | |||||||
22 July 03:40 |
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C-17 Globemaster III, Pacific Ocean | ![]() | ||||
MDA/IMDO | Suborbital | ABM target | 22 July | Successful | |||
Target for Arrow test, interceptor launch scrubbed | |||||||
31 July 03:40 |
FTM-17 | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 31 July | Successful | |||
Target for Stellar Avenger test, intercept successful | |||||||
31 July 03:42 |
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FTM-17 | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 31 July | Successful | ||
31 July 04:00[141] |
FTM-17 | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 31 July | Successful | |||
Radar target for exercise after Stellar Avenger, not intercepted | |||||||
11 August 04:50 |
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U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | ABL target | 11 August | Successful | ||
17 August 12:52:00[143] |
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NASA | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 17 August | Successful | ||
23 August 16:01[144] |
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U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 August | Successful[144] | ||
Travelled 6,743 kilometres (4,190 mi) downrange[144] | |||||||
3 September[145] | ![]() |
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U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 September | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
4 September[145] | ![]() |
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U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 4 September | Successful | |||
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) | |||||||
14 September 17:40[140] |
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NRL | Suborbital | Solar | 14 September | Successful | ||
19 September 23:32 |
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NRL | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 19 September | Successful | ||
27 September[145] | ![]() |
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IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 27 September | Successful | |||
Part of Great Prophet IV exercise, apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
27 September[145] | ![]() |
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IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 27 September | Successful | |||
Part of Great Prophet IV exercise, apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi) | |||||||
28 September[145] | ![]() |
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IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 September | Successful | |||
Part of Great Prophet IV exercise, apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi) | |||||||
28 September[145] | ![]() |
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IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 September | Successful | |||
Part of Great Prophet IV exercise, apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi) | |||||||
6 October[147] | ![]() |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 October | Successful | |||
Carried four re-entry vehicles | |||||||
7 October[147] | ![]() |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 October | Successful | |||
Carried four re-entry vehicles | |||||||
12 October | ![]() |
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Indian Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 12 October | Successful | |||
16 October[147] | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 16 October | Successful | ||
Radar target, not intercepted | |||||||
16 October[147] | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 16 October | Successful | ||
Radar target, not intercepted | |||||||
28 October 04:00[147] |
JFTM-3 | ![]() |
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JMSDF/MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 28 October | Successful | |||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi), intercepted by SM-3 | |||||||
28 October 04:04[147] |
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JFTM-3 | ![]() |
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JMSDF | Suborbital | ABM test | 28 October | Successful | |||
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi), intercepted target | |||||||
1 November[147] | ![]() |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful | |||
Carried four re-entry vehicles | |||||||
5 November[147] | ![]() |
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MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 5 November | Successful | ||
Radar target, not intercepted | |||||||
14 November 02:30[148] |
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Colorado | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy[149] | 14 November | Successful | ||
22 November 11:15[150] |
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ESA | Suborbital | Microgravity | 22 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 252 kilometres (157 mi)[113] | |||||||
23 November 14:20[citation needed] |
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Indian Army/DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 November | Launch failure | |||
Loss of control after second stage separation[citation needed] | |||||||
29 November 09:00[150] |
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ESA | Suborbital | Microgravity | 29 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 264 kilometres (164 mi)[113] | |||||||
30 November 01:38[113] |
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Rocket Lab | Suborbital | Test flight | 30 November | Successful | ||
Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi),[113] maiden flight of Ātea-1, first spaceflight to be conducted by New Zealand | |||||||
9 December 06:45[113] |
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VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 December | Launch failure | |||
Loss of control during third stage burn,[113] caused spiral patterns in the sky above Norway | |||||||
10 December 11:35[113] |
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RVSN RF | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 December | Successful | |||
11 December | ![]() |
FTT-11 | C-17 Globemaster III, Pacific Ocean | ![]() | |||
MDA/IMDO | Suborbital | ABM target | 11 December | Launch failure | |||
Target for THAAD | |||||||
13 December | ![]() |
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Indian Navy | Suborbital | Target | 13 December | Successful | |||
16 December[113] | ![]() |
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IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 December | Successful | |||
Apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi) | |||||||
17 December 03:25 |
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ERAU | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 17 December | Successful | ||
19 December[152] | ![]() |
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U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 19 December | Successful | |||
Demonstration and Shakedown Operation | |||||||
24 December[153] | ![]() |
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RVSN RF | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 December | Successful |
Date | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
7 February | Cassini | 50th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 960 kilometres (600 mi) |
12 February[154] | Okina | Lunar impact | Farside of the Moon |
17 February | Dawn | Flyby of Mars | Gravity assist, closest approach 549 kilometres (341 mi) at 00:28 GMT |
1 March[155] | Chang'e 1 | Lunar impact | Deorbited at 07:36 and impacted at 08:13[155] |
27 March | Cassini | 51st flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 960 kilometres (600 mi) |
4 April | Cassini | 52nd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 4,150 kilometres (2,580 mi) |
20 April | Cassini | 53rd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 3,600 kilometres (2,200 mi) |
5 May | Cassini | 54th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 3,244 kilometres (2,016 mi) |
21 May | Cassini | 55th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 965 kilometres (600 mi) |
6 June | Cassini | 56th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 965 kilometres (600 mi) |
10 June[156] | Kaguya | Lunar Impact | at 18:25 UTC, around Gill crater. |
22 June | Cassini | 57th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 955 kilometres (593 mi) |
23 June | LRO | Selenocentric orbit insertion | Orbital insersion burn lasted from 09:47 to 10:26 UTC |
23 June | LCROSS/Centaur | Lunar flyby | Gravity assist to align for impact in October, closest approach: 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi) at 10:30:33 UTC |
8 July | Cassini | 58th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 965 kilometres (600 mi) |
24 July | Cassini | 59th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 955 kilometres (593 mi) |
9 August | Cassini | 60th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 970 kilometres (600 mi) |
25 August | Cassini | 61st flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 970 kilometres (600 mi) |
17 September | Artemis P1 | Lunar flyby | Closest approach: 43,875 kilometres (27,263 mi) at 00:49 UTC[157] |
30 September | MESSENGER | 3rd flyby of Mercury | Gravity assist, closest approach: 229 kilometres (142 mi)[158] |
9 October | AV-020 Centaur | Lunar impact | 2,000-kilogram (4,400 lb) upper stage of the Atlas V rocket used to launch LRO and LCROSS. Impacted Cabeus crater[5] at Lunar South Pole.[159] Impact occurred at 11:31 UTC, and was observed by LCROSS. |
LCROSS (S-S/C) | Lunar impact | 700-kilogram (1,500 lb) shepherding spacecraft. Detached from Centaur at 01:50 UTC, and impacted same crater at 11:37. | |
12 October | Cassini | 62nd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) |
2 November | Cassini | 7th flyby of Enceladus | Closest approach: 103 kilometres (64 mi) |
13 November | Rosetta | 3rd flyby of Earth | Gravity assist |
21 November | Cassini | 8th flyby of Enceladus | Closest approach: 1,607 kilometres (999 mi) |
8 December | Artemis P1 | Lunar flyby | Closest approach: 16,101 kilometres (10,005 mi) at 01:25 UTC[157] |
12 December | Cassini | 63rd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 4,850 kilometres (3,010 mi) |
28 December | Cassini | 64th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 955 kilometres (593 mi) |
Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 March 16:22 |
4 hours 49 minutes |
21:11 | Expedition 18 ISS Pirs |
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Installed the EXPOSE-R experiment, removed tape straps from a docking target on the Pirs docking compartment, inspected and photographed the exterior of the Russian portion of the station.[160][161] |
19 March 17:16 |
6 hours 7 minutes |
23:23 | STS-119 ISS Quest |
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Installed the S6 truss to the S5 truss, connected S5/S6 umbilicals, released launch restraints, removed keel pins, stored and removed thermal covers, and deployed the S6 photovoltaic radiator.[162] |
21 March 16:51 |
6 hours 30 minutes |
23:21 | STS-119 ISS Quest |
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Advanced preparation of worksite for STS-127, installation of an unpressurised cargo carrier attachment system on the P3 truss, installation of a Global Positioning System antenna to the Kibo laboratory, and infrared imagery of panels of the radiators on the P1 and S1 trusses.[163][164] Cargo carrier installation unsuccessful |
23 March 15:37 |
6 hours 27 minutes |
22:04 | STS-119 ISS Quest |
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Relocation of a crew equipment cart, complete the deployment of a cargo carrier, lubricated the station robotic arm's latching end effector B snare bearings, and finish swapping electrical relays to the station's gyroscopes.[165] Cargo carrier deployment unsuccessful |
14 May 12:52 |
7 hours 20 minutes |
20:12 | STS-125 Atlantis |
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HST servicing: Replaced the WFPC-2 with WFC-3, replaced the Science Instrument Command and Data Handling Unit, lubricated three shroud doors, installed SCM.[166][167][168] |
15 May 12:49 |
7 hours 56 minutes |
20:46 | STS-125 Atlantis |
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HST servicing: Replaced rate sensing gyroscopes, removed one of two batteries.[169][170] |
16 May 13:35 |
6 hours 36 minutes |
20:11 | STS-125 Atlantis |
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HST servicing: Replaced COSTAR with COS. Repaired ACS, performed get-ahead tasks from EVA-5.[171] |
17 May 13:45 |
8 hours 2 minutes |
21:47 | STS-125 Atlantis |
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HST servicing: Repaired Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph.[172] |
18 May 13:20 |
7 hours 2 minutes |
20:22 | STS-125 Atlantis |
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HST servicing: Final HST servicing EVA, final EVA from Space Shuttle. Replaced second battery, installed FGS-3, replaced some insulation and a low-gain antenna cover.[173][174][175] |
5 June 07:52 |
4 hours 54 minutes |
12:46 | Expedition 20 ISS Pirs |
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Prepared the Zvezda service module transfer compartment for the arrival of the Poisk module, installed docking antenna for the module, photographed antenna for evaluation on the ground, and photographed the Strela-2 crane. First use of the Orlan-MK spacesuit.[176][177] |
10 June 06:55 |
12 minutes | 07:07 | Expedition 20 ISS Zvezda |
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Internal spacewalk in the depressurised Zvezda transfer compartment, replaced one of the Zvezda hatches with a docking cone, in preparation for the docking of Poisk, later this year.[178] |
18 July 16:19 |
5 hours 32 minutes |
21:51 | STS-127 ISS Quest |
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JEF installed and P3 nadir UCCAS deployed. S3 zenith outboard PAS deploy postponed due to time constraints. |
20 July 15:27 |
6 hours 53 minutes |
22:20 | STS-127 ISS Quest |
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Transferred Orbital Replacement Units (ORUs) from the Shuttle Integrated Cargo Carrier (ICC) to the External Stowage Platform-3 (ESP-3). Transferred materials included a spare high-gain antenna, cooling-system pump module and spare parts for the Mobile Servicing System. JEF Visual Equipment (JEF-VE) installation on the forward section was postponed due to time constraints. |
22 July 14:32 |
5 hours 59 minutes |
20:31 | STS-127 ISS Quest |
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JPM preparation work, ICS-EF MLI, and P6 battery replacement (2 of 6 units). EVA was cut short due to high levels of CO2 in Cassidy's suit. |
24 July 13:54 |
7 hours 12 minutes |
21:06 | STS-127 ISS Quest |
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P6 battery replacement (final 4 of 6). |
27 July 11:33 |
4 hours 54 minutes |
16:27 | STS-127 ISS Quest |
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SPDM thermal cover adjustment, Z1 patch panel reconfiguration, JEM visual equipment (JEM-VE) installation (forward and aft), and JEM-LTA reconfigurations. S3 Nadir PAS (outboard) deployment postponed to later mission. |
1 September 21:49 |
6 hours 35 minutes |
2 September 04:24 |
STS-128 ISS Quest |
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Prepared for the replacement of an empty ammonia tank on the station's port truss by releasing its bolts. Retrieved the MISSE-6 and EuTEF experiments mounted outside Columbus, and stowed them in the Shuttle's payload bay for their return to Earth. Nicole Stott becomes the tenth woman to conduct a spacewalk. |
3 September 22:13 |
6 hours 39 minutes |
4 September 04:51 |
STS-128 ISS Quest |
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Removed the new ammonia tank from the shuttle's payload bay and replaced it with the used tank from the station. The new tank, weighing about 1,800 pounds (820 kg), was the most mass ever moved by spacewalking astronauts. With this spacewalk, Christer Fuglesang became the first person, who is not from either an American or Russian space program, to have participated in four or more spacewalks. |
5 September 20:39 |
7 hours 1 minute |
6 September 03:40 |
STS-128 ISS Quest |
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Prepared for the arrival of Tranquility by attaching cables between the starboard truss and Unity, the area where Tranquility will be installed. The spacewalkers also replaced a communications sensor device, installed two new GPS antennas, deployed the PAS on the S3 truss, and replaced a circuit breaker. |
19 November 14:24 |
6 hours 37 minutes |
21:01 | STS-129 ISS Quest |
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Installed a spare antenna on the station's truss and a bracket for ammonia lines on Unity. Lubricated the grapple mechanism on the Payload Orbital Replacement Unit Attachment Device on the Mobile Base System and lubricated the snares of the hand of the station's Japanese robotic arm. Deployed the S3 outboard Payload Attach System. |
21 November 14:31 |
6 hours 8 minutes |
20:39 | STS-129 ISS Quest |
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Installed the GATOR (Grappling Adaptor to On-Orbit Railing) bracket to Columbus and an additional ham radio antenna. Installed on the truss an antenna for wireless helmet camera video. Relocated the Floating Potential Measurement Unit that records electrical potential around the station as it orbits the Earth. Deployed two brackets to attach cargo on the truss. |
23 November 13:24 |
5 hours 42 minutes |
19:06 | STS-129 ISS Quest |
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Installed a new High Pressure Gas Tank (HPGT) on the Quest airlock. Installed MISSE-7A and 7B on ELC-2. Strapped two micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) shields to External Stowage Platform #2. Relocated foot restraint, released a bolt on Ammonia Tank Assembly, installed insulated covers on cameras on mobile servicing system and Canadarm 2's end effector. Worked heater cables on docking adapter. |
Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures |
Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | ||
![]() |
7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | ||
![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | First successful orbital launch[2] | |
![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
![]() |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
![]() |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | With Russian assistance | |
![]() |
27 | 26 | 1 | 0 | ||
![]() |
6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
![]() |
24 | 23 | 1 | 0 | ||
World | 78 | 73 | 4 | 1 |
5
10
15
20
Family | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Angara | ![]() |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Ariane | ![]() |
7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas | ![]() |
5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta | ![]() |
11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
Falcon | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
H-II | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March | ![]() |
6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | |
Minotaur | ![]() |
2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
PSLV | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
R-7 | ![]() |
13 | 12 | 1 | 0 | |
R-14 | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
R-36 | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Safir | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | First successful launch[2] |
Space Shuttle | ![]() |
5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Unha | ![]() |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Universal Rocket | ![]() |
13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | |
Zenit | ![]() |
4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Rocket | Country | Family | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ariane 5 | ![]() |
Ariane | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V | ![]() |
Atlas | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II | ![]() |
Delta | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV | ![]() |
Delta | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Dnepr | ![]() |
R-36 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Falcon 1 | ![]() |
Falcon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight[4] |
H-IIA | ![]() |
H-II | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
H-IIB | ![]() |
H-II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Kosmos | ![]() |
R-12/R-14 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 2 | ![]() |
Long March | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 3 | ![]() |
Long March | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Long March 4 | ![]() |
Long March | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Minotaur I | ![]() |
Minotaur | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Naro | ![]() ![]() |
Angara | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Proton | ![]() |
Universal Rocket | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
PSLV | ![]() |
PSLV | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Safir | ![]() |
Safir | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz | ![]() |
R-7 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2 | ![]() |
R-7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
Space Shuttle | ![]() |
Space Shuttle | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Taurus | ![]() |
Minotaur | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Tsyklon | ![]() |
R-36 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight[3] |
Unha | ![]() |
Unha | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
UR-100 | ![]() |
Universal Rocket | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Zenit | ![]() |
Zenit | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Rocket | Country | Type | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ariane 5 ECA | ![]() |
Ariane 5 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
Ariane 5 GS | ![]() |
Ariane 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight |
Atlas V 401 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V 421 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Atlas V 431 | ![]() |
Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II 7320 | ![]() |
Delta II | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II 7920 | ![]() |
Delta II | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta II 7925 | ![]() |
Delta II | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | Final flight |
Delta IV-M+ (4,2) | ![]() |
Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Delta IV-M+ (5,4) | ![]() |
Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Delta IV Heavy | ![]() |
Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Dnepr | ![]() |
Dnepr | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Falcon 1 | ![]() |
Falcon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
H-IIA 202 | ![]() |
H-IIA | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
H-IIB | ![]() |
H-IIB | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Kosmos-3M | ![]() |
Kosmos | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 2C | ![]() |
Long March 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 2D | ![]() |
Long March 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 3B | ![]() |
Long March 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Long March 3C | ![]() |
Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Long March 4C | ![]() |
Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Minotaur I | ![]() |
Minotaur I | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Naro-1 | ![]() ![]() |
Naro | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight |
Proton-K / DM-2 | ![]() |
Proton | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton-M / DM-2 | ![]() |
Proton | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Proton-M / Briz-M | ![]() |
Proton | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
PSLV-CA | ![]() |
PSLV | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Rokot / Briz-KM | ![]() |
UR-100 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Safir | ![]() |
Safir | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat | ![]() |
Soyuz-2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat | ![]() |
Soyuz-2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-FG | ![]() |
Soyuz | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
Soyuz-U | ![]() |
Soyuz | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Space Shuttle | ![]() |
Space Shuttle | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Taurus-XL 3110 | ![]() |
Taurus | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Tsyklon-3 | ![]() |
Tsyklon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight[3] |
Unha | ![]() |
Unha | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Zenit-3SL | ![]() |
Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Zenit-3SLB | ![]() |
Zenit | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
5
10
15
20
25
30
China
France
India
International waters
Iran
Japan
Kazakhstan
Marshall Islands
North Korea
Russia
South Korea
United States
Site | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baikonur | ![]() |
24 | 24 | 0 | 0 | |
Cape Canaveral | ![]() |
11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
Jiuquan | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Kennedy | ![]() |
5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Kwajalein | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Kourou | ![]() |
7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
MARS | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Ocean Odyssey | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Naro | ![]() |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | First launch |
Plesetsk | ![]() |
8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | |
Satish Dhawan | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Semnan | ![]() |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Taiyuan | ![]() |
2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Tanegashima | ![]() |
3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Tonghae | ![]() |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Vandenberg | ![]() |
6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | |
Xichang | ![]() |
2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Total | 78 | 73 | 4 | 1 |
10
20
30
40
50
Transatmospheric
Orbital regime | Launches | Successes | Failures | Accidentally achieved |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transatmospheric | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Low Earth | 45 | 42 | 3 | 0 | 14 to ISS |
Medium Earth / Molniya | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |
Geosynchronous / GTO | 26 | 26 | 0 | 0 | |
High Earth / Lunar transfer | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Heliocentric / Planetary transfer | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 78 | 74 | 4 | 1 |
Generic references:
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: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
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: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). |