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(Top) 1 Preparation 2 Chemical properties 3 Uses 4 Occurrence 5 References

Potassium bisulfate

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Potassium bisulfate
Names



IUPAC name Potassium hydrogen sulfate
Other names Potassium acid sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	7646-93-7^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	56396^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.028.722
EC Number	231-594-1
E number	E515(ii) (acidity regulators, ...)
PubChem CID	516920
RTECS number	TS7200000
UNII	1J1K03241F^Y
UN number	2509
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8047715
InChI InChI=1S/K.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1^N Key: CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M^N InChI=1/K.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1 Key: CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-REWHXWOFAH
SMILES OS(=O)(=O)[O-].[K+]
Properties
Chemical formula	KHSO₄
Molar mass	136.169 g/mol
Appearance	colorless solid
Odor	odorless
Density	2.245 g/cm³
Melting point	197 °C (387 °F; 470 K)
Boiling point	300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) (decomposes to form potassium pyrosulfate and water)
Solubility in water	36.6 g/100 mL (0 °C) 49 g/100 mL (20 °C) 121.6 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility	soluble in acetone, ethanol.
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−49.8·10⁻⁶cm³/mol
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	-1163.3 kJ/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H314, H335
Precautionary statements	P260, P261, P264, P271, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	2340 mg*kg⁻¹
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Related compounds	Potassium sulfate Sodium bisulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references

Potassium bisulfate (potassium bisulphate) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KHSO₄ and is the potassium acid saltofsulfuric acid. It is a white, water-soluble solid.

Preparation[edit]

More than 1 million tons were produced in 1985 as the initial stage in the Mannheim process for producing potassium sulfate. The relevant conversion is the exothermic reaction of potassium chloride and sulfuric acid:^[1]^[2]

KCl + H₂SO₄ → HCl + KHSO₄

Potassium bisulfate is a by-product in the production of nitric acid from potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid:^[3]

KNO₃ + H₂SO₄ → KHSO₄ + HNO₃

Chemical properties[edit]

Thermal decomposition of potassium bisulfate forms potassium pyrosulfate:^[1]

2 KHSO₄ → K₂S₂O₇ + H₂O

Above 600 °C potassium pyrosulfate converts to potassium sulfate and sulfur trioxide:^[4]

K₂S₂O₇ → K₂SO₄ + SO₃

Uses[edit]

Potassium bisulfate is commonly used to prepare potassium bitartrate for winemaking.^[5] Potassium bisulfate is also used as a disintegrating agent in analytical chemistry or as a precursor to prepare potassium persulfate, a powerful oxidizing agent.^[6]

Occurrence[edit]

Mercallite, the mineralogical form of potassium bisulfate, occurs very rarely.^[7] Misenite is another more complex form of potassium bisulfate with the formula K₈H₆(SO₄)₇.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b Washington Wiley, Harvey (1895). Principles and Practice of Agricultural Analysis: Fertilizers. Easton, PA.: Chemical Publishing Co. p. 218. Retrieved 31 December 2015. Potassium disulfate.

^ H. Schultz; G. Bauer; E. Schachl; F. Hagedorn; P. Schmittinger (2005). "Potassium Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_039. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.

^ Pradyot, Patnaik (2003). Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 636. ISBN 978-0-07-049439-8.

^ Iredelle Dillard Hinds, John (1908). Inorganic Chemistry: With the Elements of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 547. Retrieved 31 December 2015. Potassium disulfate.

^ Weisblatt, Jayne; Montney, Charles B. (2006). Chemical Compounds. ISBN 978-1-4144-0453-0.

^ Brauer, Georg (1963). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 1, 2nd Ed. New York: Academic Press. p. 392. ISBN 978-0-12-126601-1.

^ "Mercallite: Mineral information, data and localities". mindat.org. Retrieved 2019-05-08.

v t e Potassium compounds
H, (pseudo)halogens	KF KHF₂ KH KCl KClO KClO₃ KClO₄ KBr KBrO₃ KI KIO₃ KIO₄ KAt KCN KCNO KOCN KSCN
chalcogens	K₂O KOH K₂O₂ KO₂ KO₃ K₂S KHS K₂SO₃ KHSO₃ K₂SO₄ KHSO₄ KHSO₅ K₂S₂O₃ K₂S₂O₅ K₂S₂O₇ K₂S₂O₈ K₂Se K₂SeO₃ K₂SeO₄ K₂Te K₂TeO₃ K₂TeO₄ K₂Po
pnictogens	K₃N KNH₂ KN₃ KNO₂ KNO₃ K₃P KH₂PO₃ K₃PO₄ K₂HPO₄ KH₂PO₄ KPF₆ KAsO₂ K₃AsO₄ K₂HAsO₄ KH₂AsO₄
B, C group	B₄K₂O₇ K₂CO₃ KHCO₃ K₂SiO₃ K₂SiF₆ K₂Al₂O₄ K₂Al₂B₂O₇
transition metals	K₂PtCl₄ K₂Pt(CN)₄ K₂TiF₆ K₂PtCl₆ K₂ReCl₆ KAsF₆ K₂ZrF₆ K₄Fe(CN)₆ K₃Fe(CN)₆ K₃Fe(C₂O₄)₃ K₂FeO₄ K₂MnO₄ KMnO₄ K₃CrO₄ K₂CrO₄ K₃CrO₈ KCrO₃Cl K₂Cr₂O₇ K₂Cr₃O₁₀ K₂Cr₄O₁₃ K₄Mo₂Cl₈
organic	KHCO₂ KCH₃CO₂ KCF₃CO₂ K₂C₂O₄ KHC₂O₄ KC₁₂H₂₃O₂ KC₁₈H₃₅O₂ C₃H₂K₂O₄ C₄H₆KO₄ C₅H₇KO₄

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