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Bcl-2

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』
BCL2
PDBに登録されている構造
PDBオルソログ検索: RCSB PDBe PDBj
PDBのIDコード一覧

1G5M, 1GJH, 1YSW, 2O21, 2O22, 2O2F, 2W3L, 2XA0, 4AQ3, 4IEH, 4LVT, 4LXD, 4MAN, 5AGW, 5AGX, 5FCG

識別子
記号BCL2, Bcl-2, PPP1R50, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2, apoptosis regulator, BCL2 apoptosis regulator, Genes, bcl-2
外部IDOMIM: 151430 MGI: 88138 HomoloGene: 527 GeneCards: BCL2
遺伝子の位置 (ヒト)
18番染色体 (ヒト)
染色体18番染色体 (ヒト)[1]
18番染色体 (ヒト)

BCL2遺伝子の位置

BCL2遺伝子の位置

バンドデータ無し開始点63,123,346 bp[1]
終点63,320,128 bp[1]
遺伝子の位置 (マウス)
1番染色体 (マウス)
染色体1番染色体 (マウス)[2]
1番染色体 (マウス)

BCL2遺伝子の位置

BCL2遺伝子の位置

バンドデータ無し開始点106,465,908 bp[2]
終点106,642,004 bp[2]
RNA発現パターン




さらなる参照発現データ
遺伝子オントロジー
分子機能 protein phosphatase binding
転写因子結合
protein phosphatase 2A binding
channel inhibitor activity
protein homodimerization activity
チャネル活性
protease binding
血漿タンパク結合
sequence-specific DNA binding
BH3 domain binding
identical protein binding
protein heterodimerization activity
ubiquitin protein ligase binding
細胞の構成要素 細胞質
細胞質基質
核膜

ミトコンドリア
細胞核
ミトコンドリア膜
ミエリン鞘
ミトコンドリア外膜
小胞体
pore complex
integral component of membrane
細胞内
endoplasmic reticulum membrane
核質
高分子複合体
生物学的プロセス negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress
ureteric bud development
renal system process
organ growth
T cell differentiation in thymus
lymphocyte homeostasis
ステロイドホルモンへの反応
positive regulation of catalytic activity
ear development
糸球体発生
post-embryonic development
cellular response to DNA damage stimulus
T cell homeostasis
negative regulation of ossification
negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration
regulation of protein localization
T cell differentiation
B cell lineage commitment
response to ischemia
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability
humoral immune response
defense response to virus
mesenchymal cell development
positive regulation of multicellular organism growth
animal organ morphogenesis
発生中の色素沈着
hair follicle morphogenesis
B cell differentiation
細胞増殖
metanephros development
melanocyte differentiation
negative regulation of autophagy
positive regulation of neuron maturation
negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process
cellular response to hypoxia
pigment granule organization
negative regulation of cell population proliferation
B cell receptor signaling pathway
有機物への細胞応答
regulation of apoptotic process
response to cytokine
cellular response to glucose starvation
タンパク質安定性の制御
骨形成
positive regulation of melanocyte differentiation
axon regeneration
腎臓発生
actin filament organization
胸腺発生
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
response to nicotine
脾臓発生
endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis
positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development
酸化ストレスへの反応
lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment
reactive oxygen species metabolic process
negative regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death
branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
gland morphogenesis
positive regulation of cell growth
positive regulation of B cell proliferation
negative regulation of cell growth
response to gamma radiation
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
毒性物質への反応
digestive tract morphogenesis
neuron apoptotic process
男性生殖腺発生
regulation of protein heterodimerization activity
regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process
regulation of viral genome replication
female pregnancy
negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarization
protein dephosphorylation
protein polyubiquitination
cellular calcium ion homeostasis
B cell homeostasis
behavioral fear response
oocyte development
regulation of cell-matrix adhesion
response to iron ion
negative regulation of cell migration
regulation of autophagy
positive regulation of developmental pigmentation
developmental growth
regulation of transmembrane transporter activity
卵胞発生
遺伝子発現調節
negative regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol
negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation
homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue
色素沈着
response to radiation
regulation of catalytic activity
peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
regulation of protein homodimerization activity
negative regulation of anoikis
過酸化水素への反応
T cell lineage commitment
cochlear nucleus development
leukocyte homeostasis
regulation of programmed cell death
regulation of calcium ion transport
axonogenesis
negative regulation of cellular pH reduction
糖質コルチコイドへの反応
regulation of cell cycle
regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential
melanin metabolic process
focal adhesion assembly
positive regulation of protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway
B cell proliferation
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
免疫系発生
apoptotic mitochondrial changes
peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
窒素利用の制御
cell morphogenesis
positive regulation of cell population proliferation
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
response to UV-B
regulation of developmental pigmentation
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle
extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand
アポトーシス
膜貫通輸送
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage
成長
cell-cell adhesion
サイトカイン媒介シグナル伝達経路
negative regulation of apoptotic process
造血
regulation of growth
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator
出典:Amigo / QuickGO
オルソログ
ヒトマウス
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq
(mRNA)

NM_000633
NM_000657

NM_009741
NM_177410

RefSeq
(タンパク質)

NP_000624
NP_000648

NP_033871
NP_803129

場所
(UCSC)
Chr 18: 63.12 – 63.32 MbChr 18: 106.47 – 106.64 Mb
PubMed検索[3][4]
ウィキデータ
閲覧/編集 ヒト閲覧/編集 マウス

Bcl-2B-cell/CLL lymphoma 2BCL2Bcl-2[5][6]

Bcl-2B-cell/CLL lymphoma 214182BCL2[7]Bcl2

BCL3BCL5BCL6BCL7ABCL9BCL10

[]


Bcl-22122BADBAK[8]

[]


Bcl-2BaxBakBcl-2cBH3-onlyBcl-2Bcl-xL[9]

Bcl-2Bcl-2調調βBcl-2Bcl-xLBcl-2/xLBcl-2/xL[10]

疾患における役割[編集]


Bcl-2調[11]

[]


Bcl-2Bcl-2mycB[12]1418t(14;18)18Bcl-214調Bcl-2[13]Bcl-276%[14]

[]


調[15]1尿TAICD調寿Bcl-2[16]

[]


調調[17]Bcl-23[17]

[]


Bcl-2mantle zoneBTBcl-2[18]

[]


Bcl-2

[]


G3139GentaBcl-2DNARNARNAmRNARNAmRNA

t(14;18)Bcl-2mRNARNAIn vitroBcl-2mRNA6[19]I/IIIII20042016[20]

ABT-737ABT-263[]


2000ABT-737Bcl-2Bcl-xLBcl-wBH3Bcl-2A1Mcl-1ABT-737Bcl-2Bcl-xLBcl-wBcl-2In vitroBABT-737[21]

ABT-737退[22]ABT-737[23]ABT-737ABT-263[24]Bcl-xL[25][26][27]

ABT-199[]


Bcl-xLABT-199Bcl-2Bcl-xLBcl-w[28]CLLBcl-2BH3[29][30][30][31]III201512[32]2016417pCLLFDA[33]Bcl-2FDA[33]20186FDA17pCLL[34]

[]


Bcl-2

出典[編集]



(一)^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000171791 - Ensembl, May 2017

(二)^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000057329 - Ensembl, May 2017

(三)^ Human PubMed Reference:

(四)^ Mouse PubMed Reference:

(五)^ Cloning of the chromosome breakpoint of neoplastic B cells with the t(14;18) chromosome translocation. Science 226 (4678): 10979. (Nov 1984). Bibcode: 1984Sci...226.1097T. doi:10.1126/science.6093263. PMID 6093263. 

(六)^ Cloning and structural analysis of cDNAs for bcl-2 and a hybrid bcl-2/immunoglobulin transcript resulting from the t(14;18) translocation. Cell 47 (1): 1928. (Oct 1986). doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90362-4. PMID 2875799. 

(七)^ ENSG00000171791_BCL2. www.orthomam.univ-montp2.fr. 2020514

(八)^ PDB: 1G5M; Solution structure of the antiapoptotic protein bcl-2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98 (6): 30127. (March 2001). Bibcode: 2001PNAS...98.3012P. doi:10.1073/pnas.041619798. PMC 30598. PMID 11248023. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC30598/. 

(九)^ Multiple functions of BCL-2 family proteins. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 5 (2): a008722. (2013). doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a008722. PMC 3552500. PMID 23378584. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3552500/. 

(十)^ Bcl-2 Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling and a Redox-Sensitive Mitochondrial Proton Leak in Mouse Pancreatic ß-Cells. Endocrinology 157 (6): 22702281. (2016). doi:10.1210/en.2015-1964. PMID 27070098. 

(11)^ Bcl-2 Inhibition to Overcome Resistance to Chemo- and Immunotherapy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19 (12): 3950. (Dec 2018). doi:10.3390/ijms19123950. PMC 6321604. PMID 30544835. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6321604/. 

(12)^ Overexpression of nucleolin in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells induces stabilization of bcl2 mRNA. Blood 109 (7): 306975. (Apr 2007). doi:10.1182/blood-2006-08-043257. PMC 1852223. PMID 17179226. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1852223/. 

(13)^ Bcl-2 gene promotes haemopoietic cell survival and cooperates with c-myc to immortalize pre-B cells. Nature 335 (6189): 4402. (Sep 1988). Bibcode: 1988Natur.335..440V. doi:10.1038/335440a0. PMID 3262202. 

(14)^ Kaiser, U.; Schilli, M.; Haag, U.; Neumann, K.; Kreipe, H.; Kogan, E.; Havemann, K. (1996-08). Expression of bcl-2--protein in small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 15 (1): 3140. doi:10.1016/0169-5002(96)00568-5. ISSN 0169-5002. PMID 8865121. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8865121. 

(15)^ Saving death: apoptosis for intervention in transplantation and autoimmunity. Clinical & Developmental Immunology 13 (24): 27382. (2006). doi:10.1080/17402520600834704. PMC 2270759. PMID 17162368. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2270759/. 

(16)^ Hou, Wu-Shiun; Van Parijs, Luk (2004-06). A Bcl-2-dependent molecular timer regulates the lifespan and immunogenicity of dendritic cells. Nature Immunology 5 (6): 583589. doi:10.1038/ni1071. ISSN 1529-2908. PMID 15133508. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15133508. 

(17)^ abApoptotic mechanisms and the synaptic pathology of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 81 (1): 4763. (Jan 2006). doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.08.014. PMID 16226876. 

(18)^ Leong, Anthony S-Y; Cooper, Kumarason; Leong, F Joel W-M (2003). Manual of Diagnostic Cytology (2 ed.). Greenwich Medical Media, Ltd.. pp. XX. ISBN 978-1-84110-100-2 

(19)^ Potential roles of antisense oligonucleotides in cancer therapy. The example of Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotides. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 54 (3): 2639. (Nov 2002). doi:10.1016/S0939-6411(02)00060-7. PMID 12445555. 

(20)^ Genasense (oblimersen sodium) FDA Approval Status - Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. 2016211

(21)^ Vogler, M.; Dinsdale, D.; Dyer, M. J. S.; Cohen, G. M. (2009-03). Bcl-2 inhibitors: small molecules with a big impact on cancer therapy. Cell Death and Differentiation 16 (3): 360367. doi:10.1038/cdd.2008.137. ISSN 1476-5403. PMID 18806758. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18806758. 

(22)^ An inhibitor of Bcl-2 family proteins induces regression of solid tumours. Nature 435 (7042): 67781. (June 2005). Bibcode: 2005Natur.435..677O. doi:10.1038/nature03579. PMID 15902208. 

(23)^ Therapeutic efficacy of ABT-737, a selective inhibitor of BCL-2, in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Research 68 (7): 23218. (April 2008). doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-5031. PMC 3159963. PMID 18381439. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3159963/. 

(24)^ Hauck, Paula; Chao, Bo H.; Litz, Julie; Krystal, Geoffrey W. (2009-04). Alterations in the Noxa/Mcl-1 axis determine sensitivity of small cell lung cancer to the BH3 mimetic ABT-737. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 8 (4): 883892. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-1118. ISSN 1535-7163. PMID 19372561. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19372561. 

(25)^ Phase I study of Navitoclax (ABT-263), a novel Bcl-2 family inhibitor, in patients with small-cell lung cancer and other solid tumors. Journal of Clinical Oncology 29 (7): 90916. (March 2011). doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.31.6208. PMC 4668282. PMID 21282543. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668282/. 

(26)^ Phase II study of single-agent navitoclax (ABT-263) and biomarker correlates in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 18 (11): 31639. (June 2012). doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-3090. PMC 3715059. PMID 22496272. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3715059/. 

(27)^ Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic meta-analysis of navitoclax (ABT-263) induced thrombocytopenia. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 74 (3): 593602. (September 2014). doi:10.1007/s00280-014-2530-9. PMID 25053389. 

(28)^ Selective BCL-2 inhibition by ABT-199 causes on-target cell death in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Discovery 4 (3): 36275. (March 2014). doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-13-0609. PMC 3975047. PMID 24346116. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975047/. 

(29)^ Liao, Grace (2011812). ABT-199 BH-3 Mimetic Enters Phase Ia Trial For Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Asian Scientist. 2012718. https://web.archive.org/web/20120718151431/http://www.asianscientist.com/tech-pharma/abt-199-bh-3-mimetic-wehi-phase-ia-trial-chronic-lymphocytic-leukemia/ 2016211 

(30)^ abTargeting BCL2 with Venetoclax in Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. The New England Journal of Medicine 374 (4): 31122. (January 2016). doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1513257. PMID 26639348. 

(31)^ 'Miracle drug cured my cancer!': Amazing three-week recovery of Staffordshire sufferer. Stoke Sentinel. 20145122014510

(32)^ Smith, Michael (2015127). Hard-to-Treat CLL Yields to Investigational Drug. 202054

(33)^ abBankhead, Charles (2016411). FDA Approves AbbVie's BCL-2 Targeting Drug for CLL (). Medpage Today. https://www.medpagetoday.com/hematologyoncology/leukemia/57298 

(34)^ FDA approves venetoclax for CLL or SLL, with or without 17p deletion, after one prior therapy ().  U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 202054

(35)^ abcdConversion of Bcl-2 from protector to killer by interaction with nuclear orphan receptor Nur77/TR3. Cell 116 (4): 52740. (Feb 2004). doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00162-x. PMID 14980220. 

(36)^ Discovery of small-molecule inhibitors of Bcl-2 through structure-based computer screening. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 44 (25): 431324. (Dec 2001). doi:10.1021/jm010016f. PMID 11728179. 

(37)^ p28 Bap31, a Bcl-2/Bcl-XL- and procaspase-8-associated protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. The Journal of Cell Biology 139 (2): 32738. (Oct 1997). doi:10.1083/jcb.139.2.327. PMC 2139787. PMID 9334338. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2139787/. 

(38)^ Development of a high-throughput fluorescence polarization assay for Bcl-x(L). Analytical Biochemistry 307 (1): 705. (Aug 2002). doi:10.1016/s0003-2697(02)00028-3. PMID 12137781. 

(39)^ abcdefDifferential targeting of prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins by their BH3-only ligands allows complementary apoptotic function. Molecular Cell 17 (3): 393403. (Feb 2005). doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.12.030. PMID 15694340. 

(40)^ Bim: a novel member of the Bcl-2 family that promotes apoptosis. The EMBO Journal 17 (2): 38495. (Jan 1998). doi:10.1093/emboj/17.2.384. PMC 1170389. PMID 9430630. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1170389/. 

(41)^ BOD (Bcl-2-related ovarian death gene) is an ovarian BH3 domain-containing proapoptotic Bcl-2 protein capable of dimerization with diverse antiapoptotic Bcl-2 members. Molecular Endocrinology 12 (9): 143240. (Sep 1998). doi:10.1210/mend.12.9.0166. PMID 9731710. 

(42)^ Protection against fatal Sindbis virus encephalitis by beclin, a novel Bcl-2-interacting protein. Journal of Virology 72 (11): 858696. (Nov 1998). doi:10.1128/JVI.72.11.8586-8596.1998. PMC 110269. PMID 9765397. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC110269/. 

(43)^ Breast cancer cells can evade apoptosis-mediated selective killing by a novel small molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2. Cancer Research 64 (21): 794753. (Nov 2004). doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0945. PMID 15520201. 

(44)^ Bmf: a proapoptotic BH3-only protein regulated by interaction with the myosin V actin motor complex, activated by anoikis. Science 293 (5536): 182932. (Sep 2001). Bibcode: 2001Sci...293.1829P. doi:10.1126/science.1062257. PMID 11546872. 

(45)^ abBNIPL-2, a novel homologue of BNIP-2, interacts with Bcl-2 and Cdc42GAP in apoptosis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 308 (2): 37985. (Aug 2003). doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01387-1. PMID 12901880. 

(46)^ abAdenovirus E1B 19 kDa and Bcl-2 proteins interact with a common set of cellular proteins. Cell 79 (2): 34151. (Oct 1994). doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90202-X. PMID 7954800. 

(47)^ BNIP3 heterodimerizes with Bcl-2/Bcl-X(L) and induces cell death independent of a Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3) domain at both mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial sites. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 (2): 143948. (Jan 2000). doi:10.1074/jbc.275.2.1439. PMID 10625696. 

(48)^ BNIP3alpha: a human homolog of mitochondrial proapoptotic protein BNIP3. Cancer Research 59 (3): 5337. (Feb 1999). PMID 9973195. 

(49)^ Bad, a heterodimeric partner for Bcl-XL and Bcl-2, displaces Bax and promotes cell death. Cell 80 (2): 28591. (Jan 1995). doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90411-5. PMID 7834748. 

(50)^ abHuman homologue of S. pombe Rad9 interacts with BCL-2/BCL-xL and promotes apoptosis. Nature Cell Biology 2 (1): 16. (Jan 2000). doi:10.1038/71316. PMID 10620799. 

(51)^ Nuclear partners of Bcl-2: Bax and PML. DNA and Cell Biology 23 (6): 3514. (Jun 2004). doi:10.1089/104454904323145236. PMID 15231068. 

(52)^ Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death. Cell 74 (4): 60919. (Aug 1993). doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90509-O. PMID 8358790. 

(53)^ Induction of cell death by the BH3-only Bcl-2 homolog Nbk/Bik is mediated by an entirely Bax-dependent mitochondrial pathway. The EMBO Journal 22 (14): 358090. (Jul 2003). doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg343. PMC 165613. PMID 12853473. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC165613/. 

(54)^ Bcl-2 targets the protein kinase Raf-1 to mitochondria. Cell 87 (4): 62938. (Nov 1996). doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81383-5. PMID 8929532. 

(55)^ Ionomycin-activated calpain triggers apoptosis. A probable role for Bcl-2 family members. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (30): 2721726. (Jul 2002). doi:10.1074/jbc.M202945200. PMID 12000759. 

(56)^ Fas-mediated apoptosis in neuroblastoma requires mitochondrial activation and is inhibited by FLICE inhibitor protein and Bcl-2. Cancer Research 61 (12): 486472. (Jun 2001). PMID 11406564. 

(57)^ Caspase-2 induces apoptosis by releasing proapoptotic proteins from mitochondria. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (16): 134307. (Apr 2002). doi:10.1074/jbc.M108029200. PMID 11832478. 

(58)^ Microtubule-targeting drugs induce bcl-2 phosphorylation and association with Pin1. Neoplasia 3 (6): 5509. (2001). doi:10.1038/sj.neo.7900213. PMC 1506558. PMID 11774038. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1506558/. 

(59)^ Microtubule-targeting drugs induce Bcl-2 phosphorylation and association with Pin1. Neoplasia 3 (1): 709. (2001). doi:10.1038/sj.neo.7900131. PMC 1505024. PMID 11326318. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1505024/. 

(60)^ harakiri, a novel regulator of cell death, encodes a protein that activates apoptosis and interacts selectively with survival-promoting proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L). The EMBO Journal 16 (7): 168694. (Apr 1997). doi:10.1093/emboj/16.7.1686. PMC 1169772. PMID 9130713. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1169772/. 

(61)^ Association of insulin receptor substrate proteins with Bcl-2 and their effects on its phosphorylation and antiapoptotic function. Molecular Biology of the Cell 11 (2): 73546. (Feb 2000). doi:10.1091/mbc.11.2.735. PMC 14806. PMID 10679027. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC14806/. 

(62)^ Tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone promotes functional cooperation of Bcl2 and c-Myc through phosphorylation in regulating cell survival and proliferation. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 279 (38): 4020919. (Sep 2004). doi:10.1074/jbc.M404056200. PMID 15210690. 

(63)^ Noxa, a BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 family and candidate mediator of p53-induced apoptosis. Science 288 (5468): 10538. (May 2000). Bibcode: 2000Sci...288.1053O. doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1053. PMID 10807576. 

(64)^ Reversible phosphorylation of Bcl2 following interleukin 3 or bryostatin 1 is mediated by direct interaction with protein phosphatase 2A. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 273 (51): 3415763. (Dec 1998). doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34157. PMID 9852076. 

(65)^ Presenilin 1 protein directly interacts with Bcl-2. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (43): 307649. (Oct 1999). doi:10.1074/jbc.274.43.30764. PMID 10521466. 

(66)^ Bcl-2 associates with the ras-related protein R-ras p23. Nature 366 (6452): 2745. (Nov 1993). Bibcode: 1993Natur.366..274F. doi:10.1038/366274a0. PMID 8232588. 

(67)^ A novel protein, RTN-XS, interacts with both Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 on endoplasmic reticulum and reduces their anti-apoptotic activity. Oncogene 19 (50): 573646. (Nov 2000). doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203948. PMID 11126360. 

(68)^ Synergistic anti-apoptotic activity between Bcl-2 and SMN implicated in spinal muscular atrophy. Nature 390 (6658): 4137. (Nov 1997). Bibcode: 1997Natur.390..413I. doi:10.1038/37144. PMID 9389483. 

(69)^ Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated SOD1 mutant proteins bind and aggregate with Bcl-2 in spinal cord mitochondria. Neuron 43 (1): 1930. (Jul 2004). doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.06.021. PMID 15233914. 

(70)^ The p53-binding protein 53BP2 also interacts with Bc12 and impedes cell cycle progression at G2/M. Molecular and Cellular Biology 16 (7): 388492. (Jul 1996). doi:10.1128/MCB.16.7.3884. PMC 231385. PMID 8668206. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC231385/. 

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