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トランスヒューマニストの政治

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』

: Transhumanist politics

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1957[1]

Natasha Vita-More199228[2][3]

James Hughes1990Max MoreHumanity+H+WTA1990HughesWTA[4][5]Hughes2009[5]退Hughes[5]

2012Maria Konovalenko100%Longevity Party[6][7]2045 Initiative寿Evolution 2045Dmitry Itskov2012[8][9]

2014H+ Magazine稿Peter RothmanGabriel Rothblatt[10]

2014102016[11]2019111,800[12]Gennady Stolyarov II[13]使[14][15][16][17][18]

20202020[19][20]

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2006調使[21]

Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies (IEET)Amon Twyman[22]Twyman[22]

[23][24][25]Ronald BaileyJames Hughes[26][27]Jeffrey Bishop[28]Woody Evans[29]

Riccardo Campa[30]

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[?]Stanford Political JournalTruman Chen[31]

[]

[32]

: Anarcho-Transhumanism[33] 

Voltairine de CleyreA Cyborg Manifesto[34][35][36][37][36][38][39][40][41][38]: Cisheteropatriarchy[36][42]

[43]

民主的トランスヒューマニズム[編集]


: Democratic transhumanismJames Hughes2002/使[44][45][46][47]

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Hughes[45][48]Personhood Theory[49][50]Hughes[45][47]

[51]Hughes: Radical: rādīxrādīc-使[45]

Hughes使[52][53]

[]


Hughes15

民主的トランスヒューマニストの一覧[編集]

これらは、Hughesによって識別された、または自身を民主的トランスヒューマニストとして認識している著名人である[54]

批判[編集]


Ronald BaileyReasonCitizen Cyborg[26][27]

Dale CarricoBailey[55][56]

リバタリアン・トランスヒューマニズム[編集]


: Libertarian transhumanism[44]

ReasonRonald BaileyInstapunditGlenn Reynolds[57][58]

[]


使[57]

[27][59][60]

1988Max More2000MoreAnticipatory Democracy[44]

[]


Richard BarbrookAndy CameronThe Californian Ideology1995Mark DeryEscape Velocity: Cyberculture at the End of the Century1996Paulina BorsookCyberselfish: A Critical Romp Through the Terribly Libertarian Culture of High-Tech

Barbrook[61]BarbrookDigerati[62]Dery: Body-loathing[63]Borsook[64]

James Hughes2004Citizen Cyborg[47]

(一)

(二)

(三)

(四)

(五)

(六)

Klaus-Gerd GiesenGiessen[65]

関連項目[編集]

参考文献[編集]



(一)^ Huxley, Julian (1957). Transhumanism. June 25, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160625132722/http://www.transhumanism.org/index.php/WTA/more/huxley 2006224. 

(二)^ Rothman, Peter (2014108). Transhumanism Gets Political.  hplusmagazine.com. 201577

(三)^ The Politics of Transhumanism. changesurfer.com. 2016818 Ironically, Natasha Vita-More was actually elected to Los Angeles public office on the Green Party ticket in 1992. However her platform was transhumanism and she quit after one year of her two year term because the Greens were too far left and too neurotically geared toward environmentalism.

(四)^ Hughes, James (2009410). Transhumanist politics, 1700 to the near future.  Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2015113

(五)^ abcHughes, James (201351). The Politics of Transhumanism and the Techno-Millennial Imagination, 1626-2030.  Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2015113

(六)^ Konovalenko, Maria (2012726). Russians organize the "Longevity Party".  Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2015114 On July 19, we made the first step towards the creation of the Longevity Party. [...] Longevity Party is 100% transhumanist party.

(七)^ Pellissier, Hank (2012820). Who are the "Longevity Party" Co-Leaders, and What do They Want? (Part 1).  Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2015114 The recently-formed Longevity Party was co-founded by Ilia Stambler of Israel and Maria Konovalenko of Russia.

(八)^ Dolak, Kevin (2012827). Technology Human Immortality in 33 Years Claims Dmitry Itskov's 2045 Initiative. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/technology/2012/08/human-immortality-in-33-years-claims-dmitry-itskovs-2045-initiative/ 2015822 

(九)^ Eördögh, Fruzsina (201357). Russian Billionaire Dmitry Itskov Plans on Becoming Immortal by 2045. 2015524. https://web.archive.org/web/20150524041430/http://motherboard.vice.com/blog/russian-billionaire-dmitry-itskov-plans-on-becoming-immortal-by-2045 2015822 

(十)^ Rothman, Peter (201471). Interview: Gabriel Rothblatt Congressional Candidate in Florida's 8th District.  Humanity+. 2015113 I recently got together with Congressional candidate Gabriel Rothblatt who is very possibly the first openly transhumanist political candidate in the United States.

(11)^ Bartlett, Jamie (20141223). Meet the Transhumanist Party: 'Want to live forever? Vote for me'. The Telegraph. 2020129 Zoltan decided to form the Transhumanist Party, and run for president in the 2016 US presidential election.

(12)^ Stolyarov II, Gennady (18 November 2019). U.S. Transhumanist Party / Transhuman Party Chairmans Third Anniversary Message

(13)^ Death of a Biohacker. The New York Times (2018519). 201863 Gennady Stolyarov II, the chairman of the United States Transhumanist Party, a political organization with close to 880 members that supports life extension through science and technology, had been corresponding with Mr. Traywick since November 2015.

(14)^ The Transhumanist Party of Canada - Official Website. www.transhumanistparty.ca. 2019129

(15)^ Volpicelli, Gian (2015114). Transhumanists Are Writing Their Own Manifesto for the UK General Election. Motherboard.  Vice. 2020129 As the UK's 2015 general election approaches, you've probably already made up your mind on who knows best about the economy, who you agree with on foreign policy, and who cuts a more leader-like figure. But did you ever wonder who will deliver immortality sooner? If so, there's good news for you, since that's exactly what the UK Transhumanist Party was created for.

(16)^ Volpicelli, Gian (2015327). A Transhumanist Plans to Run for Office in the UK. Motherboard.  Vice. 2020129 Twyman intends to stand as an independent MP for the constituency of Kingston, on the radically pro-technology platform of the Transhumanist Party UK (TPUK), of which he's cofounder and leader.

(17)^ Solon, Olivia (2015410). Cyborg supporting Transhumanist Party appoints first political candidate in UK. Mirror. 2020129 The newly-launched Transhumanist Party, which supports people who want to become cyborgs, has appointed its first political candidate in the UK.

(18)^ Benedikter, Roland (201544). The Age of Transhumanist Politics  Part II. The Leftist Review. 2018112015731 The Transhumanist Party is gaining traction also in other parts of the Western world  mainly in Europe so far. Among them are the Tranhumanist Party of the UK, the Transhumanist Party of Germany (Transhumanistische Partei Deutschland) and others, all currently in the process of foundation.

(19)^ .  . 20206192020626

(20)^ .  /h+JP (2020624). 20201110

(21)^ European Parliament (2006) (PDF). Technology Assessment on Converging Technologies. ii. https://www.itas.kit.edu/downloads/etag_beua06a.pdf 2015112. ""On the one side are the true believers in the potential of technology to make individuals ever more perfect. Transhumanism is a political expression of that."" 

(22)^ abTwyman, Amon (2014107). Transhumanism and Politics. Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2020129 I would suggest that the way forward is to view transhumanism as a kind of political vector, axis, or hub rather than a single party or philosophy. In other words, the different political philosophies supportive of transhumanism (e.g. Social Futurism, Techno-Progressivism, Anarcho-Transhumanism, Techno-Libertarianism etc) should be considered to collectively constitute Political Transhumanism.

(23)^ Dvorsky, George (2012331). J. Hughes on democratic transhumanism, personhood, and AI.  Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2015113 The term 'democratic transhumanism' distinguishes a biopolitical stance that combines socially liberal or libertarian views (advocating internationalist, secular, free speech, and individual freedom values), with economically egalitarian views (pro-regulation, pro-redistribution, pro-social welfare values), with an openness to the transhuman benefits that science and technology can provide, such as longer lives and expanded abilities. [...] In the last six or seven years the phrase has been supplanted by the descriptor 'technoprogressive' which is used to describe the same basic set of Enlightenment values and policy proposals: Human enhancement technologies, especially anti-aging therapies, should be a priority of publicly financed basic research, be well regulated for safety, and be included in programs of universal health care

(24)^ On Democratic Transhumanism.  Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies (2009624). 2015113 When I wrote Citizen Cyborg in 2004 we had just begun defining the ideological position that embraced both traditional social democratic values as well as future transhuman possibilities, and we called it 'democratic transhumanism.' Since then, the people in that space have adopted the much more elegant term 'technoprogressive.'

(25)^ Ferrando, Francesca (2013). Posthumanism, Transhumanism, Antihumanism, Metahumanism, and New Materialisms Differences and Relations. Existenz 8 (2, Fall 2013). ISSN 1932-1066. 14 January 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150114042003/http://www.bu.edu/paideia/existenz/volumes/Vol.8-2Ferrando.html 2015113. "Democratic transhumanism calls for an equal access to technological enhancements, which could otherwise be limited to certain socio-political classes and related to economic power, consequently encoding racial and sexual politics." 

(26)^ abBailey, Ronald (2005). Trans-Human Expressway: Why libertarians will win the future. http://www.reason.com/news/show/34971.html 200625. 

(27)^ abcBailey, Ronald (2009). Transhumanism and the Limits of Democracy. http://reason.com/news/show/133074.html 200951. 

(28)^ Bishop, Jeffrey (2010). Transhumanism, Metaphysics, and the Posthuman God (PDF). Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 35 (700-720): 713 and 717. doi:10.1093/jmp/jhq047. https://philosophy.as.uky.edu/sites/default/files/Transhumanism,%20Metaphysics,%20and%20the%20Posthuman%20God%20-%20Jeffrey%20P.%20Bishop.pdf 2015922. "The tension between the individual and the political that we see within trans- humanist philosophies is precisely the tension that philosophical liberalism historically tried to negotiate." and "[T]o question the posthuman future is to question our liberty to become what we will." 

(29)^ Evans, Woody (2015). Posthuman Rights: Dimensions of Transhuman Worlds. Teknokultura (Universidad Complutense Madrid) 12 (2). doi:10.5209/rev_TK.2015.v12.n2.49072. http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/TEKN/article/view/49072/46310 2016816. "Consider the state of posthumanism as a domain (*PR*). The careful definition of this domain will be vital in articulating the nature of the relationship between humanity and posthumanity. It will be an asymmetrical relationship, at first heavily favoring humans. It will become, if the posthuman population (and/or their power or influence) grows, a domain in which posthumans may favor themselves at the expense of humans, as humans favor themselves at the expense of animals and machinery within their own domains and networks." 

(30)^ Campa, Riccardo, Toward a transhumanist politics, June 14, 2012, https://web.archive.org/web/20120614162111/http://www.re-public.gr/en/?p=837, "The central transhumanist idea of self-directed evolution can be coupled with different political, philosophical and religious opinions. Accordingly, we have observed individuals and groups joining the movement from very different persuasions. On one hand such diversity may be an asset in terms of ideas and stimuli, but on the other hand it may involve a practical paralysis, especially when members give priority to their existing affiliations over their belonging to organized transhumanism." 

(31)^ Chen, Truman (20141215). The Political Vacuity of Transhumanism. Stanford Political Journal. 2020129 Even some transhumanists have criticized the emergence of the Transhumanist Party, questioning the utility of politicizing transhumanist goals. In reality, the ideals the Transhumanist Party embodies are anti-political.

(32)^ An Anarcho-Transhumanist FAQ (Why the color blue?). 2020122

(33)^ Gillis, William (201216). What Is Anarcho-Transhumanism?. http://humaniterations.net/2012/01/06/what-is-anarcho-transhumanism/ 2020122 

(34)^ An Anarcho-Transhumanist FAQ (What's all this about anarchism and transhumanism?). 2020122

(35)^ Munkittrick, Kyle. On the Importance of Being a Cyborg Feminist. https://hplusmagazine.com/2009/07/21/importance-being-cyborg-feminist/ 2020122 

(36)^ abcGillis, William (2011921). The Floating Metal Sphere Trump Card. http://humaniterations.net/2011/09/21/the-floating-metal-sphere-trump-card/ 2020122 

(37)^ Brix, Terra (201844). This Machine Kills Ability. https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/terra-brix-anarchotranshumanism-this-machine-kills-ability 2020122 

(38)^ abLinnell, Lexi (201611). This Machine Kills Ableism. https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lexi-linnell-this-machine-kills-ableism 2020122 

(39)^ Carrico, Dale (200635). Technology Is Making Queers Of Us All. https://amormundi.blogspot.com/2006/03/technology-is-making-queers-of-us-all.html 2020122 

(40)^ Gillis, William (18 August 2015). Science As Radicalism. http://humaniterations.net/2015/08/18/science-as-radicalism/ 2020122 

(41)^ Saitta, Eleanor (2009). Designing the Future of Sex (PDF). https://anarchotranshumanzine.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/dfos.pdf 2020122 

(42)^ Gillis, William (13 June 2006). 15 Post-Primitivist Theses. http://humaniterations.net/2006/06/13/15-post-primitivist-theses/ 2020122 

(43)^ Gillis, William (29 October 2015). The Incoherence And Unsurvivability Of Non-Anarchist Transhumanism (Speech). Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2020122

(44)^ abc. 

(45)^ abcd. 

(46)^ Hughes, James (2003). Better Health through Democratic Transhumanism. 2006-10-11. https://web.archive.org/web/20061011033709/http://archives.betterhumans.com/Columns/Column/tabid/79/Column/240/Default.aspx 2007126. 

(47)^ abcHughes, James (2004). Citizen Cyborg: Why Democratic Societies Must Respond to the Redesigned Human of the Future. Westview Press. ISBN 0-8133-4198-1 

(48)^ James Hughes (2005720). On Democratic Transhumanism.  The Journal of Geoethical Nanotechnology. 2015113

(49)^ Hughes, James (1996). Embracing Change with All Four Arms: A Post-Humanist Defense of Genetic Engineering. http://www.changesurfer.com/Hlth/Genetech.html 2007126. 

(50)^ Ferrando, Francesca (2013). Posthumanism, Transhumanism, Antihumanism, Metahumanism, and New Materialisms Differences and Relations. Existenz 8 (2, Fall 2013 ISSN 1932-1066). 14 January 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150114042003/http://www.bu.edu/paideia/existenz/volumes/Vol.8-2Ferrando.html 2015113. 

(51)^ Carrico, Dale (2005). Listen, Transhumanist!. http://amormundi.blogspot.com/2005/08/listen-transhumanist.html 2007127. 

(52)^ George Dvorsky (2012331). J. Hughes on democratic transhumanism, personhood, and AI.  Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2015113

(53)^ James Hughes and Marc Roux (2009624). On Democratic Transhumanism.  Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. 2015113

(54)^ Cyborg Democracy. 2020129

(55)^ Carrico, Dale (2005). Bailey on the CybDemite Menace. http://amormundi.blogspot.com/2005/05/bailey-on-cybdemite-menace.html 200625. 

(56)^ Carrico, Dale (2009). James Hughes Flogs for the Robot Cult. http://amormundi.blogspot.com/2009/02/james-hughes-flogs-for-robot-cult.html 2010327. 

(57)^ abBailey, Ronald (2005). Liberation Biology: The Scientific and Moral Case For the Biotech Revolution. Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-59102-227-4. https://archive.org/details/liberationbiolog0000bail 

(58)^ Reynolds, Glenn (2006). An Army of Davids: How Markets and Technology Empower Ordinary People to Beat Big Media, Big Government, and Other Goliaths. Thomas Nelson. ISBN 1-59555-054-2 

(59)^ Bailey, Ronald (2005). Trans-Human Expressway: Why libertarians will win the future. http://www.reason.com/news/show/34971.html 200625. 

(60)^ Carrico, Dale (2005). Bailey on the CybDemite Menace. http://amormundi.blogspot.com/2005/05/bailey-on-cybdemite-menace.html 200625. 

(61)^ Barbrook, Richard; Cameron, Andy (2000). The Californian Ideology. http://www.hrc.wmin.ac.uk/theory-californianideology.html 200726. 

(62)^ Barbrook, Richard (2007). Cyber-Communism: How the Americans Are Superseding Capitalism in Cyberspace. http://www.imaginaryfutures.net/2007/04/17/cyber-communism-how-the-americans-are-superseding-capitalism-in-cyberspace/ 2009521. 

(63)^ Dery, Mark (1996). Escape Velocity: Cyberculture at the End of the Century. Grove Press. ISBN 0-8021-3520-X. https://archive.org/details/escapevelocitycy00dery 

(64)^ Borsook, Paulina (2000). Cyberselfish: A Critical Romp Through the Terribly Libertarian Culture of High-Tech. Mother Jones. ISBN 1-891620-78-9. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2000/11/cyberselfish-redux 

(65)^ Giesen, Klaus-Gerd (2004). Transhumanisme et génétique humaine. 2007-03-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20070310224959/http://www.ircm.qc.ca/bioethique/obsgenetique/cadrages/cadr2004/c_no16_04/c_no16_04_01.html 2006426. 

外部リンク[編集]