| Oroqen | |
|---|---|
| Orochon, Oronchon, Olunchun, Elunchun, Ulunchun | |
| Арутчэн Уркун ɔrɔtʃeen ulguur | |
| Pronunciation | /arʊtɕʰen urkun/ |
| Native to | China |
| Region | China: Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang |
| Ethnicity | Oroqen |
Native speakers | c. 3,789 (2009)[1] |
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | orh |
| Glottolog | oroq1238 |
| ELP | Oroqen |
Oroqen (/ˈɒrətʃɛn, ˈɒroʊ-/ ORR-ə-chen, ORR-oh-; Oroqen Urkun; ɔrɔtʃeen ulguur[citation needed]), also known as Orochon, Oronchon, Olunchun, ElunchunorUlunchun, is a Northern Tungusic language spoken in the People's Republic of China. Dialects are Gankui and Heilongjiang. Gankui is the standard dialect.[1] It is spoken by the Oroqen peopleofInner Mongolia (predominantly the Oroqin Autonomous Banner) and HeilongjianginNortheast China.[2]
Since the 1980s, Oroqen-language materials were produced by teachers in Oroqen-speaking areas. They based the language's orthography either on IPA or Pinyin. A majority of Oroqen speakers use Chinese as a literary language and some also speak Daur.
Oroqen is spoken in the following counties of China:[1]
Listed below are some Oroqen sentences.[3][failed verification] They are transcribed in Oroqen Phonetic Alphabet.
| Arian has three elder brothers. | Arian ilan axči |
| The children are all come in. | Kúxä səl ku əmčə |
| Arian's elder brother is coming. | Arian axninin əmčə |
| I'm a student. | Pi pite turan |
| You're taller than me | ši mintu gúkta |
| The house is neat and tidy. | Ər jü čaldä le |
| Arian untied the rope | Arian ušixəmúə pudičə |
| How many children do you have? | ši ati kúxa či pišiniʔ |
| Arian took off his clothes |
Arian kantaxúə purmə ədəjə |
| Labial | Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | |
| voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | ɸ | ʃ | x ~ [ɣ] ~ [h] | |||
| Rhotic | r | |||||
| Approximant | l | j | w | |||
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | y | u uː | |
| Near-high | ɪ ɪː | ʊ ʊː | ||
| High-mid | eː | ə əː | o oː | |
| Low-mid | ɛː | ɔ ɔː | ||
| Low | ɑ ɑː | |||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Official |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regional |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indigenous |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minority |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Varieties of Chinese |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Creole/Mixed |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extinct |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sign |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
