ウィキペディアの検閲

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』
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関連項目[編集]

出典[編集]



(一)^ Clark (2017). Analyzing Accessibility of Wikipedia Projects Around the World (). Berkman Klein Center. 20189202018920

(二)^ Why was Pell's conviction kept secret? (). BBC. (2019226). 2019918. https://web.archive.org/web/20190918213406/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-47366083 2019922 

(三)^ en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2019-08-30/Op-Ed (old revision 913871017)

(四)^ abGandolfo, Ryan. Wikipedia Currently Down in China. That's Beijing. 2019424. https://web.archive.org/web/20190424081614/http://www.thatsmags.com/beijing/post/27660/wikipedia-currently-down-in-china 2019424 

(五)^ abSukhbir Singh (201954). China is now blocking all language editions of Wikipedia.  Open Observatory of Network Interference. 201956201957 The following chart, based on OONI data, illustrates that multiple language editions of Wikipedia have been blocked in China as of April 2019. ... OONI measurements show that many of these Wikipedia domains were previously accessible, but all measurements collected from 25 April 2019 onwards present the same DNS anomalies for all Wikipedia sub-domains. ... Based on these tests, we were able to conclude that China Telecom does in fact block all language editions of Wikipedia by means of both DNS injection and SNI filtering.

(六)^ 貿  2019.05.16. Youtube. Public Television Service. 16 May 2019. 2019520

(七)^ abcdePan, Philip (2006220). Reference Tool on Web Finds Fans, Censors. The Washington Post (Beijing). 201185. https://web.archive.org/web/20110805062805/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/19/AR2006021901335.html 20111223 

(八)^ Montopoli, Brian (20061130). Is Wikipedia China Really Wikipedia?. CBS News. Associated Press. 201184. https://web.archive.org/web/20110804234729/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-500486_162-2218394-500486.html 20111223 

(九)^ Alert: Authorities block access to online encyclopaedia.  International Freedom of Expression Exchange (20051021). 2011121120111023

(十)^ Cohen, Noam (20061016). Chinese Government Relaxes Its Total Ban on Wikipedia. The New York Times. 2019220. https://web.archive.org/web/20190220083229/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/16/technology/16wikipedia.html 20111223 

(11)^ China PARTIALLY unblocks Wikipedia.  andrewlih.com blog. 200612120061224

(12)^ China 'unblocks' Wikipedia site. BBC News. (20061116). 2012326. https://web.archive.org/web/20120326081458/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6154444.stm 20111223 

(13)^ Chinese Wikipedia now fully unblocked?.  andrewlih.com blog. 200762420061224

(14)^ Chinese Wikipedia's Surge in Growth.  andrewlih.com blog. 200793020061224

(15)^ Wikipedia unblocked in China after year-long ban. Reuters. 201239. https://web.archive.org/web/20120309023026/http://news.oneindia.in/2006/11/16/wikipedia-unblocked-in-china-after-year-long-ban-1163687797.html 20061224 

(16)^ The Nanny changes her mind: Wikipedia blocked again.  DANWEI. 200722120061224

(17)^ English Wikipedia unblocked in China. 2007620

(18)^ Schwankert, Steven (200796). Wikipedia Blocked in China Again. IDG News via PCworld. 20071123. https://web.archive.org/web/20071123035951/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,136879-c,sites/article.html 2008126 

(19)^ Barak, Sylvie (200843). China uncensors Wikipedia. The Inquirer. 200846. https://web.archive.org/web/20080406233620/http://www.theinquirer.net/gb/inquirer/news/2008/04/03/china-uncensors-wikipedia 200843 

(20)^ Cade Metz (2008731). Chinese net censors unblock BBC, Wikipedia. The Register. 2008852008731

(21)^ "Beijing unblocks BBC Chinese site" Archived 5 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine., BBC, 31 July 2008

(22)^ Wikipedia's Jimmy Wales meets China's censors.  Rconversation.blogs.com (2008101). 20117102011613

(23)^ Group Size and Incentives to Contribute: A Natural Experiment at Chinese Wikipedia Archived 17 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine.,  Xiaoquan (Michael) Zhang, Feng Zhu. American Economic Review. Jun 2011, Vol. 101, No. 4: Pages 16011615

(24)^ Wikipedia founder caps off MSE Symposium.  The Johns Hopkins News-Letter (20121115). 201322520121123

(25)^ "Academics break the Great Firewall of China" Archived 2 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine., Tom Espiner, ZDNet, 4 July 2006

(26)^ McMillan, Graeme (4 June 2013) "Chinese authorities apparently started blocking access to the site this past May 31" Archived 9 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine., Digital Trends.

(27)^ " "5" Archived 22 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine. ("Wikipedia would rather give up business in China than tolerate '5 seconds of Internet Censorship' "), Global Times, 13 August 2013.

(28)^ Smith, Charlie (2015618). We Had Our Arguments, But We Will Miss You Wikipedia. Huffington Post (United States). 2015619. https://web.archive.org/web/20150619083431/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/charlie-smith/we-had-our-arguments-but-_b_7610130.html 2015619 

(29)^ Interview with Jimmy Wales, founder of Wikipedia and Wikia 5:18.  YouTube.com (20171026). 2020892019112

(30)^ China has blocked Wikipedia again. PixelsTech.net. (2015125). 2015128. https://web.archive.org/web/20151208051317/http://www.pixelstech.net/article/1449361467-China-has-blocked-Wikipedia-again 2015126 

(31)^ IP . China Digital Times. (2015124). 20151228. https://web.archive.org/web/20151228200023/http://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/2015/12/%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%A8%E7%AB%99ip%E8%A2%AB%E5%A2%99-%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%85%A8%E9%9D%A2%E9%98%B5%E4%BA%A1/ 20151229 

(32)^  . South China Morning Post. (18 December 2015). http://www.nanzao.com/sc/national/151b35d2ba62d9d/wei-ji-chuang-shi-ren-xiang-lu-wei-jie-shao-liao-yun-zuo-mo-shi-bu-zhi-wei-he-zai-nei-di-bei-jin 20151229. 

(33)^  (Yeung L.) (17 December 2015).  . Ming Pao. http://news.mingpao.com/ins/instantnews/web_tc/article/20151217/s00004/1450326332419 20151217. 

(34)^ Areddy, James T. (17 December 2015). Anti-Wikipedian Translation at China's Internet Conference. WSJ. https://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2015/12/17/anti-wikipedian-translation-at-chinas-internet-conference/ 20151229. 

(35)^ Wikipedia blocked in China in all languages. BBC News. (2019514). 2019515. https://web.archive.org/web/20190515001341/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-48269608 2019515 

(36)^ Hui (2020925). Beijing blocked Wikimedia from a UN agency because of "Taiwan-related issues". Quartz. 202011192020925

(37)^ . the People's Government of Zhejiang Province. 20201029. https://archive.today/20201029033449/http://www.zjzwfw.gov.cn/zjzw/punish/frontpunish/detail.do?unid=A3309026100002020105096&webid=21&guid=3C2774BA00524546AF9EF97DEBEEACBA 

(38)^ . China Digital Times. (20201028). 20201029. https://web.archive.org/web/20201029122603/https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/2020/10/%E3%80%90%E7%AB%8B%E6%AD%A4%E5%AD%98%E7%85%A7%E3%80%91%E6%B0%91%E4%BC%97%E7%BF%BB%E5%A2%99%E4%B8%8A%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%9F%A5%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%EF%BC%8C%E9%81%AD%E8%AD%A6%E6%96%B9%E7%99%BB%E9%97%A8/ 20201029 

(39)^ VanderKlippe (20201029). China cracks down on use of unsanctioned foreign websites and social media. The Globe and Mail. 20217262021726

(40)^ China again blocks Wikimedia Foundation's accreditation to World Intellectual Property Organization. Wikimedia Foundation (2021105). 20211072021107

(41)^ abWillsher (201347). French secret service accused of censorship over Wikipedia page. The Guardian. 2019511201347

(42)^ Kleinz (201346). Französischer Geheimdienst verlangt Löschung eines Wikipedia-Artikels (). Heise Online.  Heise. 2019621201345

(43)^ Poncet, Guerric (201349). Wikipédia et DCRI : la chaîne locale "s'attend" à être censurée (). Le Point (Paris). 20171022. https://web.archive.org/web/20171022032824/http://www.lepoint.fr/chroniqueurs-du-point/guerric-poncet/wikipedia-et-dcri-la-chaine-locale-s-attend-a-etre-censuree-09-04-2013-1652341_506.php 201349 

(44)^ 

(45)^ ab"French homeland intelligence threatens a volunteer sysop to delete a Wikipedia Article" (Press release). Wikimédia France. 6 April 2013. 2013417201346

(46)^ La DCRI accusée d'avoir illégalement forcé la suppression d'un article de Wikipédia Archived 21 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine.  Le Monde, 6 April 2013 ()

(47)^ abGeuss, Megan (201346). Wikipedia editor allegedly forced by French intelligence to delete "classified" entry. Arstechnica. 201348. https://web.archive.org/web/20130408210234/http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2013/04/wikipedia-editor-allegedly-forced-by-french-intelligence-to-delete-classified-entry/ 201347 

(48)^ Wikipedia article traffic statistics for 'Station hertzienne militaire de Pierre-sur-Haute'. stats.grok.se. 20134142022410

(49)^ La DCRI accusée d'avoir fait pression pour obtenir la suppression d'un article Wikipedia (). 20 minutes. (201346). 201348. https://web.archive.org/web/20130408233040/http://www.20minutes.fr/web/1132567-20130406-dcri-accusee-avoir-exige-suppression-article-wikipedia 201349 

(50)^ saibot834 (201346). French intelligence agency forces removal of Wikipedia entry.  Slashdot. 201349201347

(51)^ La DCRI accusée d'avoir fait supprimer un article sur Wikipedia (). Agence France-Presse. (201346). 201349. https://web.archive.org/web/20130409033035/http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/societe/20130406.AFP8963/la-dcri-accusee-d-avoir-fait-supprimer-un-article-sur-wikipedia.html 201349 

(52)^ CP; Huet, Anne-Claire (201348). Le retrait de l'article Wikipedia demandé dans le cadre d'une enquête préliminaire (). La Chaîne Info. 201348. https://web.archive.org/web/20130408205540/http://lci.tf1.fr/france/faits-divers/le-retrait-de-l-article-wikipedia-demande-dans-le-cadre-d-une-enquete-7917906.html 201349 

(53)^ Poncet, Guerric (2013410). Wikipédia et DCRI : la chaîne locale "s'attend" à être censurée (). Le Point. 20171022. https://web.archive.org/web/20171022032824/http://www.lepoint.fr/chroniqueurs-du-point/guerric-poncet/wikipedia-et-dcri-la-chaine-locale-s-attend-a-etre-censuree-09-04-2013-1652341_506.php 201349 

(54)^ Poncet, Guerric (2013410). Un syndicat de police évoque le filtrage de Wikipédia (). Le Point. 2013412. https://web.archive.org/web/20130412045908/http://www.lepoint.fr/chroniqueurs-du-point/guerric-poncet/un-syndicat-de-police-demande-le-filtrage-de-wikipedia-10-04-2013-1652817_506.php 2013410 

(55)^ Poncet, Guerric (2013410). RSF dénonce les 'manoeuvres de la DCRI' contre Wikipédia (). Le Point. 2013412. https://web.archive.org/web/20130412214036/http://www.lepoint.fr/chroniqueurs-du-point/guerric-poncet/rsf-denonce-les-manoeuvres-de-la-dcri-contre-wikipedia-10-04-2013-1652880_506.php 2013410 

(56)^ Efroni, Zohar (20081116). German Court Orders to Block Wikipedia.de Due to Offending Article. Center for Internet and Society Blog.  Stanford University Law School. 20107222010318

(57)^ Anderson (2013117). Citation Filtered: Iran's Censorship of Wikipedia.  Center for Global Communication Studies (University of Pennsylvania).[]

(58)^ How Iran Uses Wikipedia To Censor The Internet. BuzzFeed. (20131112). 2016427. https://web.archive.org/web/20160427075335/https://www.buzzfeed.com/charliewarzel/how-iran-uses-wikipedia-to-censor-the-internet 2017825 

(59)^ Iran blocks access to Google, Wikipedia: Report. Times of India (2014517). 20145182014517

(60)^ Archived copy. 2021121720211217

(61)^ Archived copy. 2021111220211217

(62)^ ویکیپدیا فارسی به خاطر شیوع کرونا در ایران مختل شده است. 20203320211217

(63)^ ANI (2021221). Myanmar blocks Wikipedia in all languages, internet suspended: NetBlocks. Business Standard India. 202131. https://web.archive.org/web/20210301093644/https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/myanmar-blocks-wikipedia-in-all-languages-internet-suspended-netblocks-121022100112_1.html 202142 

(64)^ Websites blocked, PTA tells SC: Blasphemous material. Dawn. (2006314). 2013912. https://web.archive.org/web/20130912053554/http://archives.dawn.com/2006/03/14/top16.htm 201365 

(65)^ Pakistan Blocks Wikipedia.  Blogcritics (2006331). 2011652010413

(66)^ Wikipedia Blocked in Pakistan for seven hours.  Karachi Metblogs (2006331). 20117142010413

(67)^ Ali (2010520). Youtube, Wikipedia, Flickr blocked in Pakistan after Facebook. 201631220171128

(68)^ Pakistan blocks access to YouTube in internet crackdown. BBC News. (2010520). 2017123. https://web.archive.org/web/20171203223803/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10130195 20171128 

(69)^ Wikipedia. GIGAZINE (202322). 2023819

(70)^ Russian Lawmakers Set to Debate Internet Blacklist. RIA Novosti. (201276). 201278. https://web.archive.org/web/20120708232112/http://en.rian.ru/russia/20120706/174427445.html 2012710 

(71)^ Забастовка Википедии на русском языке (2012710). 20127112012710

(72)^ Russian Wikipedia goes dark in protest at censor law. BBC News. (2012710). 2012710. https://web.archive.org/web/20120710191520/http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-18781869 2012710 

(73)^ Wikipedia down in protest in Russia. Euronews. (2012710). 2012712. https://web.archive.org/web/20120712171605/http://www.euronews.com/2012/07/10/wikipedia-down-in-protest-in-russia/ 2012710 

(74)^ Andrew E. Kramer (2013331). Russians Selectively Blocking Internet. The New York Times. 201344. https://web.archive.org/web/20130404004908/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/01/technology/russia-begins-selectively-blocking-internet-content.html?_r=0 201348 

(75)^ Russian media regulator confirms Wikipedia blacklisted. Russia Beyond the Headlines. (201345). http://rbth.ru/news/2013/04/05/russian_media_regulator_confirms_wikipedia_blacklisted_24706.html 201348 

(76)^ Why Botter: How Pro-Government Bots Fight Opposition in Russia (PDF). American Political Science Review (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the American Political Science Association) 116 (1): 115. (February 2022). doi:10.1017/S0003055421001507. ISSN 1537-5943. LCCN 08-9025. OCLC 805068983. https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/D8A8A74976408CF7EC329827AFFFD3FC/S0003055421001507a.pdf/div-class-title-why-botter-how-pro-government-bots-fight-opposition-in-russia-div.pdf 2022310. 

(77)^ Sorokanich. A Tweetbot Caught the Russian Gov't Editing Flight MH17 Wikipedia Info. 201611152016123

(78)^ Dewey, Caitlin (2014721). Flight MH17's Wikipedia page edited by Russian government; An IP address associated with Vladimir Putin's office has made multiple edits to the Wikipedia page for the MH17 flight page. Toronto Star. The Washington Post. 2018612. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141246/https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/07/21/flight_mh17s_wikipedia_page_edited_from_ip_address_associated_with_putins_office.html 2016810 

(79)^ Zeveleva, Olga (201486). Knowledge is power: why is the Russian government editing Wikipedia?. The Calvert Journal. 20161118. https://web.archive.org/web/20161118071700/http://calvertjournal.com/comment/show/2967/wikipedia-russian-government-edits 2016123 

(80)^ Russian Federation. www.soumu.go.jp. 2022319

(81)^ Russian media regulator confirms Wikipedia blacklisted. Interfax. Russia Beyond The Headlines. (201345). 20211217. https://web.archive.org/web/20211217111314/https://www.rbth.com/news/2013/04/05/russian_media_regulator_confirms_wikipedia_blacklisted_24706.html 201349 

(82)^ Russia May Block Wikipedia Access Over Narcotics Article | RIA Novosti. RIA Novosti. (201356). 2013410. https://web.archive.org/web/20130410031251/http://en.ria.ru/russia/20130405/180469665.html 201349 

(83)^ Russians Selectively Blocking Internet. The New York Times. (2013331). 2016120. https://web.archive.org/web/20160120173704/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/01/technology/russia-begins-selectively-blocking-internet-content.html?_r=1& 2017221 

(84)^ abcРоскомнадзор готов заблокировать "Википедию". Коммерсантъ. 201984. https://web.archive.org/web/20190804194543/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2794537 201984 

(85)^ abRussia threatens to block Wikipedia (). The Independent (2015821). 2015823201984

(86)^ Роскомнадзор пригрозилВикипедииблокировкой (). РИА Новости (201588). 201984201984

(87)^ abcСпорную статьюВикипедииотредактировали сами пользователи. govoritmoskva.ru (2015825). 2019621201984

(88)^ abРоскомнадзор предписал заблокировать страницу "Википедии". Коммерсантъ. 201984. https://web.archive.org/web/20190804194536/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2795488 201984 

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(111)^ AP: Wikipedia article blocked in UK over child photo. 200812102022410

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