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リバーサイド教会

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出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』
リバーサイド教会
Riverside Church
地図
北緯40度48分43秒 西経73度57分48秒 / 北緯40.81194度 西経73.96333度 / 40.81194; -73.96333座標: 北緯40度48分43秒 西経73度57分48秒 / 北緯40.81194度 西経73.96333度 / 40.81194; -73.96333
所在地 ニューヨーク市マンハッタン区
アメリカ合衆国の旗 アメリカ合衆国
教派 世界教会主義米国バプテスト同盟キリスト連合教会
信徒数 1,750人[1]
歴史
過去名 マルベリー・ストリートバプテスト教会
Mulberry Street Baptist Church
5番街バプテスト教会
Fifth Avenue Baptist Church
パーク・アベニューバプテスト教会
Park Avenue Baptist Church
建築物
文化財指定 アメリカ合衆国国家歴史登録財ニューヨーク市歴史建造物
設計者 アレン・アンド・コリンズ
ヘンリー・C・ペルトン
建築様式 ゴシック・リヴァイヴァル
着工 1927年11月21日
完成 1930年10月5日
建築物概要
収容人数 2,100人
身廊全幅 89フィート (27 m)
階数 22階
尖塔の高さ 392フィート (119 m)
74個 (カリヨン)

リバーサイド教会
Riverside Church

アメリカ合衆国国家歴史登録財

ニューヨーク市歴史建造物 #2037

所在地478, 490 Riverside Dr. & 81 Claremont Ave., New York, New York
座標南緯nan° 西経nan° / 北緯-nan度 東経-nan度 / -nan; -nan
建設1930年 (教会堂)
1957年 (MLKウィング)
1962年 (ストーン・ジム改築)
建築家アレン・アンド・コリンズ、ヘンリー・C・ペルトン (教会堂)
コレンス・ウィルス・アンド・ベックオーネット (MLKウィング)
ルイ・E・ジャラード (ストーン・ジム)
建築様式ゴシック・リヴァイヴァル
NRHP登録番号12001036
NYCL登録番号2037
指定・解除日
NRHP指定日2012年12月12日[3]
NYCL指定日:2000年5月16日[2]
テンプレートを表示

: Riverside Church120122

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182316[4][5]3沿218605&46[4]51870[4][6][4][7]

1912[8]205[9]19195[10]1920&63[11]2100[4][12]""CR[4]1922435[13][4][14]

[]


1924250[15]12E[16]

19255[17]2[16][18][19][16][19][19][20][21]19255[18][20][22][23]15%[24]

1930[18][25]158[18][26][27]

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[28][29]1900IRT-7[18][28]沿122[29][30]

19255[31]7沿[32][33]32[30]

[]


[29][34][ 1][20]57[36]S"T-Square"[20][37]

[34]122C[38]19262[29][38][39]100 (30m)225 (69m) 375 (114m)  (392 (119m) )2,400[29][39]99[40]

192610[39]11[41]12400[42]2,500 (4,000km) [43][44][42][43][45]

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[46]19271121[46][47][48]192843150[46]531972[49]

19283[50]19281222100[51][52][53]6[54][55]19292150150300[56]19293[57]1929795&76殿[46]

192910[58][59]12[60]19309[61]29[62]1105[46][48][63]400[64]1,050[65]1053,200[48][63]2[66]193012[19]2[19][67]1892401932[68]

[68]193212235[68][69][70]2[71]

使[]

1930 - 1960[]

2

194653,5007使[65]

193920010,000[72]1[73]1942194510使2,000[65][74]

194565[75]19463[76]10[77][78]20[78][79]1956調6[80]T[81]

195571,500[65][82]195912[65][83][84]195915 (4.6m) WKCR-FM (89.9FM) 使[85][86]1961WRVR (106.7FM) 1976[65]1960[87]1957519624使[88][89]19674[90]

1960 - 1990[]


196811T[91][92]11[93][94]19708,6001,800[93]345[94][95][94][91]19766[91][96]

19778[97]11[98]辿19792,627197649,902197871,536[99][99][100][100]19877SANE/FREEZE[101]12[102]

調19892A[103][104][104][105]1413[105][106]199210[107]

1996使調[108]10/[109]7[108]199812[110]2000516[111]

21[]

122

2000211200020023,200[112]2002[113][114][114]20069退20076[115]2,700[114]1400130[116]

20088[117]457,000120096[118][119][120]5201420071,0001,670[121]20121212[3]

20146K[121]20189&1224,500[122][123]20197[1][124]調調[125]1[126]

[]


122西120454×西100 (138m×30m) [127][128]CR[2][40][43][129][46][130]MLKE[88]392 (119m) [40][42][49]2017[131][132]

[43][133][134][42][135]2[42][43]使[127]

[65]1931A[133][136][133][137]1939WPA[72][138]沿[48]1[139](Manhattan Skyscrapers) [128]AIA Guide to New York City沿[138]

[]

[]


西120122[127]

[]

122西

西沿[127][140]120沿[43][44]西2[127][43][141]1[142][142][143]2[127][140][143]西5[46][144]

MLK43[127][140]

西5[46][144]122[145][146][88][145][127][140]

西[145][147][147]2235[145][147]

[]


[148]100 (30m)89 (27m)215 (66m) [149]60 (18m) [148][149][133][127][149]

西3[127]5[46][144][150]2[127][150][151][149][150][152]

8[153][154]8[152][150]1953[152]2,408[64]2,500[40]385[152]2[152][153]9[155]426[156]

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20西[152][157]34[152][158][158][158][155]

73[152]332[145][147][155]

[]


西[142]4[142][149]西[149]1959[149][ 2][150]西21[151]使1644[142][150]

[]


1959[142][156][ 2][142][133]4MLK4MLK[156]8[160]

4[160][161][161][160]

[]


392 (119m) 2[40][42][49]8021使[65][162]1022024[160][162]355 (108m) 201999[128]21西81[160]810[154]

1西7[127][128]10243451[145][147]

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910[154]

41011[153]234899102[153][154][154]11141516[153][154]1720172122[153][154]

[]


233[160]74[65][163][ 3]500,000 (230,000kg) [65][138]53使[49][65][154]19[65][154]1955258[154]2004[154]

[166]使605454[162][145][147][138][166]2001911[138][166]20201[167]

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4[145][146]6[166]2233[146][168][166]

[]

MLK

MLK7沿120[84][166]MLKL沿120沿西MLK西[166]MLK[82][84][169]

[82][170][170]1985[88][109]

[]


西120[166]西1816221退267222[143]

西78西2121L4[171]6[171]

[]


MLK12西9120[172]

375[84][169][172]5[172]3西6[84][172][84][173]

[]

MLK

MLK120&1.5E1912使19575[88][89][88][88]

[]


250[128]西沿61[160]

4[128][160][128][160]MLK1502[82][172][84][128]

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12[174]201714[175][176]1930[174][177][177]1948-19531954[174][152]1964-31967A3[174]MP1978[156][174]199010[174]

2019[178] (1946 - 1965[179]) (1957 - 1982[180]) (1979 - 1992[181])1992 - 2008[182]

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[]


2193011[66]殿(1871) (1889) 2[160](1890) [149]

[]


51[151][46]34西[151]

2[46][144][150]西[150][46][144]138[46][150]3MLK9[46][172]

[]


MLK47T47[172]

[]

[]

7[ 4]

沿5[43]32[43][48]112[141]1[127][140]

[144][183]20[183]141[144]

22112使[127][140]

7[ 4][127][145][147][146][168][145][147]使[127]

MLKMLK[184][172][185]

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20調[158]10[152][158][156]

7[152]16T[46][155][155][186]

[166]

社会サービス[編集]

リバーサイド刑務所ボランティアの集合写真

200875...[117]HIV[187]2007[116]

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[ 5]2[188][189]1971[190]

1985[189]19841994[191]

1980[192][193]2011[194]

[]


LGBT[195][196]1978[197][197][198]1980HIVLGBTHIV/[199]HIV/[187]

[187][200][187]

[]


[201][202][187][203]

[]


MLK1959[84]1960FM[204]WRVR (106.7FM) [65][205][206]WRVR1971WRVR[207]WRVR1971[208]1975[209][210][208][211]

1976116034[212]9019876[213]

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 (1925  1945[23][75])

 (1946  1967[77][214])

T (1968  1976[92][96])

 (1977  1987[98][102])

A (1989  2007[105][114])

R (2008  2009[117][118])

K (2014  2019[215][216])

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196744Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence[217][218][219]1972[220]1991[221]2001911[222]1020202004[223][224][225][221][221][221][226][227]14[114]2[114]

脚注[編集]

注釈[編集]



(一)^ C[35]

(二)^ ab211[159]

(三)^ 78[164]77[165]

(四)^ ab - 77

(五)^  (ministry) 

出典[編集]



(一)^ abRojas, Rick (2019711). Pastor's Exit Exposes Cultural Rifts at a Leading Liberal Church (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/11/nyregion/riverside-church-nyc-sexual-harassment.html 2019712 

(二)^ abLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 1.

(三)^ abNational Register of Historic Places Weekly Lists for 2012.  U.S. National Park Service (20121228). 2020215

(四)^ abcdefgLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 2.

(五)^ Pendo 1957, p. 9.

(六)^ Pendo 1957, p. 22.

(七)^ Nevins, A. (1940). John D. Rockefeller: The Heroic Age of American Enterprise. John D. Rockefeller: The Heroic Age of American Enterprise. C. Scribner's Sons. p. 455. https://books.google.com/books?id=pCgaAAAAYAAJ 2019113 

(八)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 18.

(九)^ Pendo 1957, p. 40.

(十)^ Fifth Av. Baptists Sell Church Home; Property, Long in the Market, Is Purchased by Michael Dreicer (). The New York Times. (1919530). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1919/05/30/archives/fifth-av-baptists-sell-church-home-property-long-in-the-market-is.html 2019113 

(11)^ New Apartment For Park Avenue; Two Large Parcels Acquired at the Southeast Corner of Sixty-third Street (). The New York Times. (1920116). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1920/11/06/archives/new-apartment-for-park-avenue-two-large-parcels-acquired-at-the.html 2019113 

(12)^ Rockefeller Aids New Church Fund; Offers to Add 50 Per Cent. to Amount Raised by Fifth Av. Baptist Congregation (). The New York Times. (191758). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1917/05/08/archives/rockefeller-aids-new-church-fund-offers-to-add-50-per-cent-to.html 2019113 

(13)^ Final Service Held In 5th Av. Church; Dr. Cornelius Woelfkin Reviews Baptist Congregation's History of 91 Years (). The New York Times. (192243). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1922/04/03/archives/final-service-held-in-5th-av-church-dr-cornelius-woelfkin-reviews.html 2019113 

(14)^ Rockefeller Class In New Home Today; Park Avenue Baptist Church Will Occupy Edifice of 64th Street for the First Time. (). The New York Times. (192249). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1922/04/09/archives/rockefeller-class-in-new-home-today-park-avenue-baptist-church-will.html 2019113 

(15)^ Dolkart 1998, pp. 7071.

(16)^ abcDolkart 1998, p. 72.

(17)^ Dr. Woelfkin Quits Park Avenue Pulpit; Resigns After 40 Years in Baptist Ministry, 13 of Which Were at His Present Post. (). The New York Times. (1925511). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1925/05/11/archives/dr-woelfkin-quits-park-avenue-pulpit-resigns-after-40-years-in.html 2019113 

(18)^ abcdeLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 3.

(19)^ abcdeParis et al. 2004, p. 19.

(20)^ abcdDolkart 1998, p. 73.

(21)^ Dr. Fosdick Called By Park Av. Baptists Insists On Changes; Stipulates That Church Shall Not Demand Baptism by Immersion (). The New York Times. (1925516). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1925/05/16/archives/dr-fosdick-called-by-park-av-baptists-insists-on-changes-stipulates.html 2019113 

(22)^ Miller 1985, p. 162.

(23)^ abDr. Fosdick Accepts Call; Will Create A Liberal Church (). The New York Times. (1925529). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1925/05/29/archives/dr-fosdick-accepts-call-will-create-a-liberal-church-praises.html 2019113 

(24)^ Dolkart 1998, p. 383, note 157.

(25)^ Pendo 1957, p. 49.

(26)^ Miller 1985, p. 201.

(27)^ Dolkart 1998, p. 383, note 157.

(28)^ abDolkart 1998, p. 1.

(29)^ abcdeLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 4.

(30)^ abDolkart 1998, p. 74.

(31)^ Rockefeller Jr. Buys Plot Uptown; Block on Morningside Drive Considered Logical Location for Edifice Asked by Fosdick (). The New York Times. (1925526). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1925/05/26/archives/rockefeller-jr-buys-plot-uptown-block-on-morningside-drive.html 2019113 

(32)^ Fosdick's Church to Go Up on Drive; Rockefeller Exchanges Morningside Plot for Site Near Grant's Tomb (). The New York Times. (1925725). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1925/07/25/archives/fosdicks-church-to-go-up-on-drive-rockefeller-exchanges-morningside.html 2019115 

(33)^ Rockefeller Adds to Plot for Church; Acquires Twelve-Story Apartment House on Riverside Drive, Making Frontage of 250 Feet (). The New York Times. (192588). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1925/08/08/archives/rockefeller-adds-to-plot-for-church-acquires-twelvestory-apartment.html 2019115 

(34)^ abDolkart 1998, p. 75.

(35)^ Dolkart 1998, pp. 7576.

(36)^ Straton Criticizes Fosdick's Church; Thinks It Means Rockefellers Hereafter Will Have Their Own Sanctuary (). The New York Times. (192568). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1925/06/08/archives/straton-criticizes-fosdicks-church-thinks-it-means-rockefellers.html 2019115 

(37)^ Chappell, George S. (T-Square) (November 29, 1930). The Sky Line. The New Yorker 6: 82. 

(38)^ abDolkart 1998, p. 76.

(39)^ abcRockefeller Plans $4,000,000 Church On Riverside Drive; 400-Foot Gothic Campanile Will House the Carillon, Close to Grant's Tomb (). The New York Times. (1926212). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1926/02/12/archives/rockefeller-plans-4000000-church-on-riverside-drive-400foot-gothic.html 2019115 

(40)^ abcdeDolkart 1998, p. 77.

(41)^ Rockefeller Plan for Church is Filed; $4,000,000 Edifice of Park Av. Baptists Will Rise on Riverside Drive (). The New York Times. (1926112). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1926/11/02/archives/rockefeller-plan-for-church-is-filed-4000000-edifice-of-park-av.html 2019115 

(42)^ abcdefBaptists Approve $4,000,000 Plans For Fosdick Church; Razing Starts on the Site for Edifice to Be Built to Endure for Generations (). The New York Times. (19261227). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1926/12/27/archives/baptists-approve-4000000-plans-for-fosdick-church-razing-starts-on.html 2019114 

(43)^ abcdefghiLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 5.

(44)^ abCarder 1930, p. 5.

(45)^ Carder 1930, p. 9.

(46)^ abcdefghijklmnoLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 6.

(47)^ Cornerstone Laid For Fosdick Church; Hundreds Witness Ceremony in Drive at Foundation of $4,000,000 Edifice (). The New York Times. (19271121). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1927/11/21/archives/cornerstone-laid-for-fosdick-church-hundreds-witness-ceremony-in.html 2019115 

(48)^ abcdeDolkart 1998, p. 80.

(49)^ abcdLargest Chimes for Park Avenue Church. Democrat and Chronicle: p. 4. (1928424). https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38645319/ 2019118 

(50)^ Rockefeller Pays Visit to Ruins at Church Fire. New York Daily News: p. 318. (19281223). https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38486841/ 2019115 

(51)^ Night Fire Sweeps Riverside Church As 100,000 Look On; Flames Raging In Rockefeller's Riverside Church (). The New York Times. (19281222). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1928/12/22/archives/night-fire-sweeps-riverside-church-as-100000-look-on-flames-raging.html 2019114 

(52)^ Fire Guts 'Rockefeller Church'; Huge Edifice Reduced to Black Shell. Brooklyn Citizen: p. 1. (19281222). https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38486753/ 2019115 

(53)^ Rockefeller Church To Resume Building; Work to Proceed on Burned Riverside Edifice as Soon as Insurance is Settled (). The New York Times. (19281224). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1928/12/24/archives/rockefeller-church-to-resume-building-work-to-proceed-on-burned.html 2019114 

(54)^ Landmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 12.

(55)^ Miller 1985, p. 208.

(56)^ Seek Gifts to Build Riverside Church; Trustees, Planning Endowment Fund, Say Contributions Will Be Welcomed (). The New York Times. (1929219). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1929/02/19/archives/seek-gifts-to-build-riverside-church-trustees-planning-endowment.html 2019114 

(57)^ Mortuary Chapel in Riverside Church; Rockefeller Approves Feature for New Edifice of Park Avenue Congregation (). The New York Times. (1929323). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1929/03/23/archives/mortuary-chapel-in-riverside-church-rockefeller-approves-feature.html 2019114 

(58)^ First Unit Opened In Riverside Church; Pre-Communion Service Is Held in Assembly Hall of New Rockefeller Edifice (). The New York Times. (1929103). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1929/10/03/archives/first-unit-opened-in-riverside-church-precommunion-service-is-held.html 2019113 

(59)^ Miller 1985, p. 205.

(60)^ Fosdick Church Drops Baptist From Title; Changes Name to the Riverside Church (). The New York Times. (19291212). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1929/12/12/archives/fosdick-church-drops-baptist-from-title-changes-name-to-the.html 2019115 

(61)^ Will Hoist 22-Ton Bell; Riverside Church to Complete Carillon on Tuesday (). The New York Times. (193097). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1930/09/07/archives/will-hoist-22ton-bell-riverside-church-to-complete-carillon-on.html 2019116 

(62)^ Memorial Tower Opened; Riverside Church Sunday School Classes Held There. (). The New York Times. (1930929). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1930/09/29/archives/memorial-tower-opened-riverside-church-sunday-school-classes-held.html 2019115 

(63)^ abParis et al. 2004, p. 137.

(64)^ abRiverside Church Puts in Pew Phones; Equipment Available to Aid Hearing in All Parts of New Edifice (). The New York Times. (1930927). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1930/09/27/archives/riverside-church-puts-in-pew-phones-equipment-available-to-aid.html 2019118 

(65)^ abcdefghijklmLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 7.

(66)^ abReveal Rockefeller Gift; Riverside Church Executives Tell of Receiving Two Paintings (). The New York Times. (1930111). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1930/11/01/archives/reveal-rockefeller-gift-riverside-church-executives-tell-of.html 2019116 

(67)^ Riverside Carillon is Heard Miles Away; Notes of 72 Bells Ring Out as Denominational Leaders Laud Spirit of Church (). The New York Times. (1931212). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1931/02/12/archives/riverside-carillon-is-heard-miles-away-notes-of-72-bells-ring-out.html 2019118 

(68)^ abcDolkart 1998, p. 81.

(69)^ Claremont Park to be Beautified; Rockefeller to Pay $350,000 for Improvement of City Plot at Riverside Church (). The New York Times. (193229). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1932/02/09/archives/claremont-park-to-be-beautified-rockefeller-to-pay-350000-for.html 2019115 

(70)^ Dolkart 1998, p. 82.

(71)^ Claremont Park is Opened to Public; Two-Acre Tract on Riverside Drive Improved by Rockefeller at Cost of $315,000. (). The New York Times. (1934526). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1934/05/26/archives/claremont-park-is-opened-to-public-twoacre-tract-on-riverside-drive.html 2019115 

(72)^ abFederal Writers' Project [in] (1939), New York City Guide, New York: Random House, pp. 387389, ISBN 0-403-02921-XScholarly Press, 1976 WPA Guide to New York City

(73)^ Paris et al. 2004, pp. 6770.

(74)^ Navy School Thanks Riverside Church (). The New York Times. (19451022). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1945/10/22/archives/navy-school-thanks-riverside-church.html 2019118 

(75)^ abStudio, The New York Times; 1943 (194566). Fosdick to Quit Riverside Church; Retirement Date Set for May, 1946; Announcement Made at Joint Meeting of Deacons and Trustees--Founder and Pastor of the Church Since 1930 (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1945/06/06/archives/fosdick-to-quit-riverside-church-retirement-date-set-for-may-1946.html 2019118 

(76)^ McDowell, Rachel K. (1946328). Riverside Church Names New Pastor; in New Riverside Church Offices (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1946/03/28/archives/riverside-church-names-new-pastor-in-new-riverside-church-offices.html 2019118 

(77)^ abRiverside Church Installs Pastor; New Riverside Church Pastor Installed (). The New York Times. (1946103). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1946/10/03/archives/riverside-church-installs-pastor-new-riverside-church-pastor.html 2019118 

(78)^ abParis et al. 2004, pp. 7475.

(79)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 34.

(80)^ Paris et al. 2004, pp. 4344.

(81)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 46.

(82)^ abcdDolkart 1998, p. 83.

(83)^ New 8-Story Wing Opens at Riverside (). The New York Times. (1959127). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1959/12/07/archives/new-8story-wing-opens-at-riverside.html 2019119 

(84)^ abcdefghDedicate Riverside Church Wing. New York Daily News: p. 165. (1959127). https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38718458/ 2019119 

(85)^ Riverside Church Is Aroused By Trial Radio Aerial on Roof (). The New York Times. (195919). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1959/01/09/archives/riverside-church-is-aroused-by-trial-radio-aerial-on-roof.html 2019119 

(86)^ Shepard, Richard F. (19601228). New FM Station on Air Here Jan 1; WRVR Will Be Sponsored by Riverside Church (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1960/12/28/archives/new-fm-station-on-air-here-jan-1-wrvr-will-be-sponsored-by.html 2019119 

(87)^ Riverside Church Acting on Merger; Meets to Ratify Constitution of United Church of Christ -- 2d Consolidation Urged (). The New York Times. (1960128). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1960/12/08/archives/riverside-church-acting-on-merger-meets-to-ratify-constitution-of.html 2019119 

(88)^ abcdefgNational Park Service 2012, p. 3.

(89)^ abParis et al. 2004, p. 255.

(90)^ Dugan, George (1967424). Dr. McCracken to Leave Pulpit After Two Decades at Riverside (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1967/04/24/archives/dr-mccracken-to-leave-pulpit-after-two-decades-at-riverside.html 2019119 

(91)^ abcParis et al. 2004, pp. 4547.

(92)^ abDugan, George (19681118). Dr. Campbell Is Installed at Riverside Church; Predecessor, Dr. McCracken, Gives Him the Charge Dr. Marney Calls in Sermon for 'Vast Repentance' (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1968/11/18/archives/dr-campbell-is-installed-at-riverside-church-predecessor-dr.html 2019119 

(93)^ abRiverside Church Has Money Woes (). The New York Times. (197021). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/02/01/archives/riverside-church-has-money-woes-20000-short-of-its-budget-goal.html 2019119 

(94)^ abcParis et al. 2004, pp. 8991.

(95)^ Riverside Church Will Give $150,000 a Year to the Poor (). The New York Times. (197032). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1970/03/02/archives/riverside-church-will-give-150000-a-year-to-the-poor.html 2019119 

(96)^ abBriggs, Kenneth A. (1976625). Campbell Quits Ministry At the Riverside Church (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/25/archives/campbell-quits-ministry-at-the-riverside-church.html 2019119 

(97)^ Wedemeyer, Dee (1977815). Riverside Church Vote Approves Coffin as Minister (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1977/08/15/archives/riverside-church-vote-approves-coffin-as-minister.html 2019119 

(98)^ abDunning, Jennifer (1977117). Dr. Coffin Has a Lively First Service at Riverside (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1977/11/07/archives/dr-coffin-has-a-lively-first-service-at-riverside.html 2019119 

(99)^ abBriggs, Kenneth A. (19791231). Coffin and His 'Liberal Pulpit' Renew Legacy of Controversy (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1979/12/31/archives/coffin-and-his-liberal-pulpit-renew-legacy-of-controversy-a.html 2019119 

(100)^ abParis et al. 2004, pp. 106107.

(101)^ Goldman, Ari L. (1987720). Coffin Resigns to Praise and Criticism (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/20/nyregion/coffin-resigns-to-praise-and-criticism.html 2019119 

(102)^ abMarriott, Michel (19871221). Dr. Coffin Says Goodbye to Riverside (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/21/nyregion/dr-coffin-says-goodbye-to-riverside.html 2019119 

(103)^ Goldman, Ari L. (198921). Riverside Chooses New Minister (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/01/nyregion/riverside-chooses-new-minister.html 20191110 

(104)^ abParis et al. 2004, pp. 108109.

(105)^ abcGoldman, Ari L. (198926). Members Elect A New Pastor At Riverside (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/06/nyregion/members-elect-a-new-pastor-at-riverside.html 20191110 

(106)^ Goldman, Ari L. (1992518). Riverside's Pastor at Center of Turmoil (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/18/nyregion/riverside-s-pastor-at-center-of-turmoil.html 20191110 

(107)^ Update; Tension Lessens as Minister Leaves Riverside Church (). The New York Times. (19921011). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/11/nyregion/update-tension-lessens-as-minister-leaves-riverside-church.html 20191110 

(108)^ abAllon, Janet (1998125). Neighborhood Report: Upper West Side; Alter Riverside Church? Like Redoing Chartres, Foes Say (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/25/nyregion/neighborhood-report-upper-west-side-alter-riverside-church-like-redoing-chartres.html 20191110 

(109)^ abParis et al. 2004, p. 175.

(110)^ Siegal, Nina (1998126). Neighborhood Report: Morningside Heights; A Solomonic Landmarking Decision at Riverside Church (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/06/nyregion/neighborhood-report-morningside-heights-solomonic-landmarking-decision-riverside.html 20191111 

(111)^ Siegal, Nina (2000517). Riverside Church Gets Landmark Status (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/17/nyregion/riverside-church-gets-landmark-status.html 20191111 

(112)^ Wakin, Daniel J. (2002721). Riverside Minister Faces an Internal Challenge, Again (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/21/nyregion/riverside-minister-faces-an-internal-challenge-again.html 20191111 

(113)^ Feuer, Alan (200251). Church Basketball Director Leaves After Abuse Charge (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/01/nyregion/church-basketball-director-leaves-after-abuse-charge.html 2020229 

(114)^ abcdefKonigsberg, Eric (2007610). With an Exit, a Historic Church at a Crossroads (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/10/nyregion/10riverside.html 2020229 

(115)^ Barron, James (2006918). Minister of Riverside Church to Step Down (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/18/nyregion/minister-of-riverside-church-to-step-down.html 20191111 

(116)^ abFreedman, Samuel G. (200755). Riverside Takes On the Task of Rebuilding a Church (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/05/us/05religion.htmle 200949 

(117)^ abcBuettner, Russ (200884). Riverside Church Selects a New Leader (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/04/nyregion/04riverside.html?_r=1&scp 200884 

(118)^ abVitello, Paul (2009630). Pastor at Riverside Church Ends Stormy Tenure With Unexpected Resignation (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/01/nyregion/01pastor.html 2019717 

(119)^ Gonzalez, Juan (200971). Riverside Church Pastor resigned under accusations of misappropriation. New York Daily News. 20191111

(120)^ Del Signore, John (2009630). Controversial Riverside Church Pastor Resigns (). Gothamist.  New York Public Radio. 20191111

(121)^ abOtterman, Sharon (201468). After Period of Turmoil, Riverside Church Elects New Leader (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/09/nyregion/riverside-church-elects-amy-butler-as-new-senior-minister.html 2019716 

(122)^ Weiss, Lois (2018919). Riverside Church to buy neighboring dorm for $45M (). New York Post. 20191111

(123)^ Riverside Church | Union Theological Seminary | 97 Claremont (). The Real Deal New York (2018919). 20191111

(124)^ Natanson, Hannah (2019715). Riverside Church congregants call for reinstatement of first female minister after her exit following a sex shop visit. The Washington Post. 2020229

(125)^ The stained-glass cliff and the Riverside Church: a double standard for our first female senior minister (). Baptist News Global (20191017). 2020126

(126)^ Pastor Our at Famed Riverside Church (). New York Post (2019711). 2020311

(127)^ abcdefghijklmnopLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 8.

(128)^ abcdefghNash, Eric (1999). Manhattan skyscrapers. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-1-56898-181-9. OCLC 40298497. https://archive.org/details/manhattanskyscra00nash_0 

(129)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 148.

(130)^ Burnham Hoyt, 73, Dies; Architect Designed Interior of Riverside Church (). The New York Times. (196048). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1960/04/08/archives/burnham-hoyt-73-dies-architect-designed-interior-of-riverside.html 2019119 

(131)^ Levitt, Ellen (2015-06-30) (). Walking Manhattan: 30 Strolls Exploring Cultural Treasures, Entertainment Centers, and Historical Sites in the Heart of New York City. Wilderness Press. ISBN 978-0-89997-763-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=A1y9CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA228 

(132)^ Bauman, Robert (2019) (). Fighting to Preserve a Nation's Soul: America's Ecumenical War on Poverty. University of Georgia Press. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-8203-5487-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=3wOQDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA92 

(133)^ abcdeDolkart 1998, p. 79.

(134)^ Miller 1985, p. 211.

(135)^ Carder 1930, p. 9; Dolkart 1998, pp. 7879; Landmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 5; National Park Service 2012, p. 12; Paris et al. 2004, p. 140.

(136)^ Taylor, Walter (June 1931). A Criticism ... of the Riverside Church. American Architect 139: 32. 

(137)^ Crane, Charles (July 1931). Why We Made It Gothic. American Architect 140: 26. 

(138)^ abcdeWhite, Norval [in]; Willensky, Elliot & Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City () (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 505. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7

(139)^ The Churches of New York, No. 26: Riverside. New York Sun: p. 7. (1931516) 

(140)^ abcdefNational Park Service 2012, p. 4.

(141)^ abParis et al. 2004, pp. 155156.

(142)^ abcdefgParis et al. 2004, p. 156.

(143)^ abcNational Park Service 2012, p. 15.

(144)^ abcdefgCarder 1930, p. 18.

(145)^ abcdefghijLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 9.

(146)^ abcdNational Park Service 2012, p. 6.

(147)^ abcdefghNational Park Service 2012, p. 5.

(148)^ abParis et al. 2004, p. 147.

(149)^ abcdefghNational Park Service 2012, p. 7.

(150)^ abcdefghiNational Park Service 2012, p. 8.

(151)^ abcdParis et al. 2004, pp. 170, 172. Paris et al. 2004, p. 173.

(152)^ abcdefghijkNational Park Service 2012, p. 9.

(153)^ abcdefParis et al. 2004, p. 151.

(154)^ abcdefghijkNational Park Service 2012, p. 13.

(155)^ abcdeNational Park Service 2012, p. 10.

(156)^ abcdeNational Park Service 2012, p. 11.

(157)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 159.

(158)^ abcdeParis et al. 2004, p. 162.

(159)^ National Park Service 2012, pp. 78.

(160)^ abcdefghijNational Park Service 2012, p. 12.

(161)^ abParis et al. 2004, p. 158.

(162)^ abcParis et al. 2004, p. 149.

(163)^ Barron, James (2015322). Restoring the Spirit With the Sound of Big Bells High Over Manhattan (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/23/nyregion/restoring-the-spirit-with-the-sound-of-big-bells-high-over-manhattan.html 2019118 

(164)^ World Carillon Federation - Hyechon College. www.carillon.org. 202031

(165)^ Rombouts, Luc (2014-05-23) (). Singing Bronze: A History of Carillon Music. Leuven University Press. p. 287. ISBN 978-90-5867-956-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=jQ-RCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA287 

(166)^ abcdefghiNational Park Service 2012, p. 14.

(167)^ Clark, Roger (202016). Riverside Church Bell Tower Tours Return.  Spectrum News NY1. 2020229

(168)^ abLandmarks Preservation Commission 2000, p. 10.

(169)^ abWicklein, John (19591123). Riverside Church to Dedicate Wing; South Structure Will House School, Nursery, Theatre and Radio Station (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1959/11/23/archives/riverside-church-to-dedicate-wing-south-structure-will-house-school.html 2019119 

(170)^ abParis et al. 2004, p. 174.

(171)^ abNational Park Service 2012, p. 16.

(172)^ abcdefghNational Park Service 2012, p. 17.

(173)^ National Park Service 2012, p. 18.

(174)^ abcdefThe Riverside Church. New York City Chapter of the American Guild of Organists. 20191117

(175)^ Abdolhamidi, Shervin (2017124). The Top 10 Secrets of NYC's Riverside Church. Untapped New York. 2019118

(176)^ New York Architecture - Riverside Church. nyc-architecture.com. 202031

(177)^ abParis et al. 2004, p. 319.

(178)^ 2019 Summer Organ Series. Riverside Church (201957). 20191118

(179)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 320.

(180)^ Schweitzer, Vivien (200684). Frederick Swann at Riverside Church: A Master of the Organ, With the Curtain Pulled Back (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/04/arts/music/04swan.html 20191111 

(181)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 322.

(182)^ Music at St. Paul's. Office of the University Chaplain.  Columbia University. 20081229200949

(183)^ abParis et al. 2004, p. 154.

(184)^ Church Gets Madonna by Epstein (). The New York Times. (19591230). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1959/12/30/archives/church-gets-madonna-by-epstein.html 2019119 

(185)^ Epstein, J.; Corcoran Gallery of Art (1973). Sculpture of Jacob Epstein: The Eisenberg-Robbins Collection. Sculpture of Jacob Epstein: The Eisenberg-Robbins Collection. Corcoran Gallery of Art. p. 1. https://books.google.com/books?id=TzlIAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA1 20191117 

(186)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 164.

(187)^ abcdeMinistries. Riverside Church. 20191115

(188)^ Prison Ministry. Riverside Church (20171120). 20191118

(189)^ abRiverside Coming Home. Riverside Church. 20191118

(190)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 207.

(191)^ Paris et al. 2004, pp. 217218.

(192)^ Briggs, Kenneth A. (1984102). Riverside Church Gives Sanctuary (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1984/10/02/nyregion/riverside-church-gives-sanctuary.html 20191118 

(193)^ Welcome to New Sanctuary Coalition. New Sanctuary Coalition (201871). 20191118

(194)^ Otterman, Sharon (20111117). Occupy Wall Street Protesters, Even in Churches, Can't Escape Watch of Police (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/18/nyregion/occupy-wall-street-protesters-even-in-churches-cant-escape-watch-of-police.html 20191111 

(195)^ Maranatha. Riverside Church. 20191118

(196)^ Sex Issue Divides Riverside Church (). The New York Times. (1985526). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/26/nyregion/sex-issue-divides-riverside-church.html 20191118 

(197)^ abParis et al. 2004, pp. 220221.

(198)^ Riverside Church celebrates 30 years of pro-LGBT ministry. Columbia Daily Spectator (2012213). 20191118

(199)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 222.

(200)^ Sharing & Densford Funds. Riverside Church. 20191118

(201)^ Beloved Earth. Riverside Church. 20191118

(202)^ Wellbotics. Riverside Church. 20191118

(203)^ The Riverside Church Statement On Torture And Policies Enabling Torture.  Riverside Church (20174). 20191118

(204)^ Riverside Church Gets FM (). The New York Times. (1960721). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1960/07/21/archives/riverside-church-gets-fm.html 2019119 

(205)^ Gould, Jack (196118). Growth of FM; New Radio Station of Riverside Church Illustrates Diversity of System (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1961/01/08/archives/growth-of-fm-new-radio-station-of-riverside-church-illustrates.html 2019119 

(206)^ Riverside Church fm station on-the-air. p. 53 (1961123). 201933

(207)^ Paris et al. 2004, pp. 209213.

(208)^ abParis et al. 2004, pp. 214216.

(209)^ In brief. p. 27 (197577). 201933

(210)^ Station WRVRFM Sold to Sonderling By Riverside Church (). The New York Times. (197574). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1975/07/04/archives/station-wrvrfm-sold-to-sonderling-by-riverside-church.html 2019118 

(211)^ Sonderling's Purchase of WRVR From Church Approved by F.C.C. (). The New York Times. (19761028). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1976/10/28/archives/sonderlings-purchase-of-wrvr-from-church-approved-by-fcc.html 2019118 

(212)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 326.

(213)^ Dunning, Jennifer (1987210). Riverside Dance to Close (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1987/02/10/arts/riverside-dance-to-close.html 2019119 

(214)^ Adams, Val (1967525). M'Cracken Bids Riverside Adieu; Congregation Gives Retiring Minister $10,000 Born in Scotland (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1967/05/25/archives/mcracken-bids-riverside-adieu-congregation-gives-retiring-minister.html 2019119 

(215)^ Berenson, Tessa. Meet Riverside Church's First Female Pastor (). Time. 20191111

(216)^ Natanson, Hannah (2019715). Riverside Church Congregants Call for Reinstatement of First Female Minister after Her Exit Following a Sex Shop Visit. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/social-issues/riverside-church-congregants-call-for-reinstatement-of-first-female-minister-after-her-dismissal-following-a-sex-shop-visit/2019/07/14/1c2c23da-a632-11e9-86dd-d7f0e60391e9_story.html 2019716 

(217)^ Letter from Robert J McCracken to MLK.  King Center for Nonviolent Social Change. 2012412

(218)^ Scruggs, Afi-Odelia (2017113). Beyond Vietnam: The MLK speech that caused an uproar. USA Today. 20191119

(219)^ Martin Luther King, Jr.,'s Searing Antiwar Speech, Fifty Years Later. The New Yorker (201743). 20191119

(220)^ But on That Dash Is Where We Live (). The New York Times. (19721028). ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/1972/10/28/archives/new-jerjey-pages-but-on-that-dash-is-where-we-live-sports-of-the.html 20191110 

(221)^ abcdParis et al. 2004, p. 55.

(222)^ Welch, R.; Penn, E. (2007). New York: A Pictorial Celebration. Sterling Pub.. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-4027-2383-4. https://archive.org/details/newyorkpictorial0000welc 2020229 

(223)^ Hernandez, Raymond (2004830). The Republicans: The Convention In New York - The Clintons; After Sharing the White House, Sharing a Critique of the G.O.P. (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/30/us/republicans-convention-new-york-clintons-after-sharing-white-house-sharing.html 20191110 

(224)^ Bill Clinton awaits heart surgery next week. CNN (200494). 20191110

(225)^ Paris et al. 2004, p. 279.

(226)^ Desmond Tutu will speak at Riverside Church April 29. Columbia Spectator (1988421). 20191110

(227)^ Smith, David (20161127). Fidel Castro in the US: cars, cigars and a meeting with Malcolm X (). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/27/fidel-castro-new-york-malcolm-x 20191110 

ソース[編集]

  1. Carder, Eugene Clayton; Church monthly (N.Y.) (1930) (English). Architecture and symbolism of the Riverside Church. New York: Riverside Church. OCLC 3940539 
  2. Dolkart, Andrew S. (1998) (English). Morningside Heights: A History of its Architecture and Development.. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-07850-4. OCLC 37844816 
  3. Historic Structures Report: Riverside Church”. National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service (2012年12月21日). 2012年12月21日閲覧。
  4. Miller, R.M. (1985). Harry Emerson Fosdick: Preacher, Pastor, Prophet. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-536523-8. https://archive.org/details/harryemersonfosd0000mill 
  5. Paris, Peter J.; Cook, John Wesley; Hudnut-Beumler, James; Mamiya, Lawrence; Tisdale, Leonora Tubbs; Weisenfeld, Judith (2004). The History of the Riverside Church in the City of New York. Religion, Race, and Ethnicity. NYU Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-6836-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=jtoegDGyJcgC 
  6. Pendo, Mina (1957). A Brief History of The Riverside Church. Riverside Church 
  7. The Riverside Church”. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (2000年5月16日). 2000年5月16日閲覧。

外部リンク[編集]