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{{IPA key|H:IPA-YO |
{{IPA key|H:IPA-YO}} |
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The charts below show the way in which the [[International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] represents [[Yoruba language]] pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. This reflects Standard Yoruba, and dialects may have more or fewer phonemes. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see |
The charts below show the way in which the [[International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] represents [[Yoruba language]] pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. This reflects Standard Yoruba, and dialects may have more or fewer phonemes. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see [[Template:IPA]] and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}. |
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<div style="width: 48%; display: inline-block; margin-right: auto;"> |
<div style="width: 48%; display: inline-block; margin-right: auto;"> |
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| '''''f'''at'' |
| '''''f'''at'' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link| |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|ɡ}}</big> |
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| '''''g'''à'' {{IPA|[ |
| '''''g'''à'' {{IPA|[ɡà]}} 'spread' |
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| '''''g'''ut'' |
| '''''g'''ut'' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link| |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|ɡ͡b}}</big> |
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| '''''gb'''à'' {{IPA|[ |
| '''''gb'''à'' {{IPA|[ɡ͡bà]}} 'take' |
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| ''ru'''gb'''y'' but pronounced simultaneously |
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| No English equivalent |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|h}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|h}}</big> |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|j}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|j}}</big> |
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| '''''y''' |
| '''''y'''à'' {{IPA|[jà]}} 'draw' |
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| '''''y'''es'' |
| '''''y'''es'' |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|k͡p}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|k͡p}}</big> |
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| '''''p''' |
| '''''p'''ọ̀'' {{IPA|[k͡pɔ̀]}} 'be many' |
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| ''ba'''ckp'''ack'' but pronounced simultaneously |
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|No English equivalent |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|l}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|l}}</big> |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|n}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|n}}</big> |
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| '''''n'''à'' {{IPA|[ |
| '''''n'''à'' {{IPA|[nã̀]}} 'beat' |
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| '''''n'''ose'' |
| '''''n'''ose'' |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|ʃ}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPA link|ʃ}}</big> |
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| '''''ṣ''' |
| '''''ṣ'''òkòtò'' {{IPA|[ʃòkòtò]}} 'trouser' |
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| '''''sh'''ip'' |
| '''''sh'''ip'' |
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! [[WT:IPA|IPA]] !! Examples !! English approximation |
! [[WT:IPA|IPA]] !! Examples !! English approximation |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ä}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ä|a}}</big> |
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| '''''à'''gè'' {{IPA|[ |
| '''''à'''gè'' {{IPA|[àɡè]}} 'kettle' |
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| '' |
| '''''a'''nd'' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|e}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|e}}</big> |
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| '' |
| '''''e'''w'''é''''' {{IPA|[ēwé]}} 'leaf' |
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| ''b'''ay''''' |
| ''b'''ay''''' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ɛ}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ɛ}}</big> |
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| '''''ẹ̀''' |
| '''''ẹ̀'''pà'' {{IPA|[ɛ̀pà]}} 'groundnut' |
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| ''b'''e'''t'' |
| ''b'''e'''t'' |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|o}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|o}}</big> |
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| '''''o''' |
| '''''o'''k'''o''''' {{IPA|[ōkō]}} 'farm' |
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| Indian English ''g'''o''''' |
| Indian English ''g'''o''''' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ɔ}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ɒ|ɔ}}</big> |
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| '''''ọ̀''' |
| '''''ọ̀'''bẹ'' {{IPA|[ɔ̀bɛ̄]}} 'knife' |
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| RP ''l'''aw''''' |
| RP ''l'''aw''''' |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ã}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ã}}</big> |
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| ''ìt'''àn''''' {{IPA|[ìtã̀]}} ' |
| ''ìt'''àn''''' {{IPA|[ìtã̀]}} 'history' |
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| ''br''' |
| ''br'''a'''n'' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ɛ̃}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ɛ̃}}</big> |
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| ''h'''ẹ́n''''' {{IPA|[hɛ̃́]}} 'yes' |
| ''h'''ẹ́n''''' {{IPA|[hɛ̃́]}} 'yes' |
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| ''h'''en''''' |
| ''h'''en'''''; French ''v'''in''''' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ĩ}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ĩ}}</big> |
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| ''r'''ìn''''' {{IPA|[rĩ̀]}} 'to walk' |
| ''r'''ìn''''' {{IPA|[rĩ̀]}} 'to walk' |
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| ''m''' |
| ''m'''ea'''n'' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ɔ̃}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ɔ̃}}</big> |
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| ''ìb'''ọn''''' {{IPA|[ìbɔ̃̄]}} 'gun' |
| ''ìb'''ọn''''' {{IPA|[ìbɔ̃̄]}} 'gun' |
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| ''p'''on'''d'' |
| ''p'''on'''d''; French ''b'''on''''' |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ũ}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|ũ}}</big> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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! colspan="3" | [[Tone]] |
! colspan="3" | [[Tone (linguistics)|Tone]] |
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![[Help:IPA|IPA]] |
![[Help:IPA|IPA]] |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|◌́}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|◌́}}</big> |
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| ''k''' |
| ''k'''ọ́''''' {{IPA|[kɔ́]}} 'build' |
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| High tone |
| High tone |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|◌̄}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|◌̄}}</big> |
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| ''k''' |
| ''k'''ọ''''' {{IPA|[kɔ̄]}} 'sing' |
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| Mid tone |
| Mid tone |
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|- |
|- |
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| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|◌̀}}</big> |
| align="center" | <big>{{IPAlink|◌̀}}</big> |
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| ''k''' |
| ''k'''ọ̀''''' {{IPA|[kɔ̀]}} 'reject' |
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| Low tone |
| Low tone |
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|} |
|} |
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== Bibliography == |
== Bibliography == |
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{{refbegin}} |
{{refbegin}} |
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* {{cite journal |last1=Eme |first1=Cecilia Amaoge |last2=Uba |first2=Ebele Deborah |date=2016 |title=A Contrastive Study of the Phonology of Igbo and Yoruba |url=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ujah/article/view/137183 |journal=UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages= |
* {{cite journal |last1=Eme |first1=Cecilia Amaoge |last2=Uba |first2=Ebele Deborah |date=2016 |title=A Contrastive Study of the Phonology of Igbo and Yoruba |url=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ujah/article/view/137183 |journal=UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=65–84 |doi=10.4314/ujah.v17i1.4 |access-date=2021-12-13}} |
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{{refend}} |
{{refend}} |
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==See also== |
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*{{clc|Pages with Yoruba IPA|pages}} |
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{{IPA keys}} |
{{IPA keys}} |
||
 | This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Yoruba on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Yoruba in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. |
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Yoruba language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. This reflects Standard Yoruba, and dialects may have more or fewer phonemes. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
| Consonants | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| b | bàtá [bàtá] 'shoes' | bit |
| d | dà [dà] 'pour' | din |
| d͡ʒ | jà [d͡ʒà] 'fight' | gin |
| f | fèrèsé [fèrèsé] 'window' | fat |
| ɡ | gà [ɡà] 'spread' | gut |
| ɡ͡b | gbà [ɡ͡bà] 'take' | rugby but pronounced simultaneously |
| h | ha [hā] 'scratch' | ham |
| j | yà [jà] 'draw' | yes |
| k | kí [kí] 'what' | cut |
| k͡p | pọ̀ [k͡pɔ̀] 'be many' | backpack but pronounced simultaneously |
| l | lá [lá] 'leak' | left |
| m | màmá [màmá] 'mother' | map |
| n | nà [nã̀] 'beat' | nose |
| r | rà [rà] 'buy' | Spanish perro |
| s | sìsí [sìsí] 'young lady' | sit |
| ʃ | ṣòkòtò [ʃòkòtò] 'trouser' | ship |
| t | tà [tà] 'sell' | tip |
| w | wá [wá] 'search' | we |
| Oral Vowels | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
| a | àgè [àɡè] 'kettle' | and |
| e | ewé [ēwé] 'leaf' | bay |
| ɛ | ẹ̀pà [ɛ̀pà] 'groundnut' | bet |
| i | ìyá [ìjá] 'mother' | meat |
| o | oko [ōkō] 'farm' | Indian English go |
| ɔ | ọ̀bẹ [ɔ̀bɛ̄] 'knife' | RPlaw |
| u | kúrò [kúrò] 'leave' | fool |
| Nasal Vowels | ||
| ã | ìtàn [ìtã̀] 'history' | bran |
| ɛ̃ | hẹ́n [hɛ̃́] 'yes' | hen; French vin |
| ĩ | rìn [rĩ̀] 'to walk' | mean |
| ɔ̃ | ìbọn [ìbɔ̃̄] 'gun' | pond; French bon |
| ũ | ràkúnmi [ràkṹmī] 'camel' | soon |
| Tone | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Examples | Explanation |
| ◌́ | kọ́ [kɔ́] 'build' | High tone |
| ◌̄ | kọ [kɔ̄] 'sing' | Mid tone |
| ◌̀ | kọ̀ [kɔ̀] 'reject' | Low tone |
