Tag: Reverted
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m Reverting possible vandalism by 115.97.0.47 to version by Artoria2e5. Report False Positive? Thanks, ClueBot NG. (3877459) (Bot)
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== Function == |
== Function == |
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Mitochondria contain around 1000 proteins in [[yeast]] and 1500 proteins in [[Human|humans]]. However, only 8 and 13 proteins are encoded in [[mitochondrial DNA]] in yeast and humans respectively. Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized via cytoplasmic ribosomes.<ref name="WenzOpaliński2015">{{cite journal|last1=Wenz|first1=Lena-Sophie|last2=Opaliński|first2=Łukasz|last3=Wiedemann|first3=Nils|last4=Becker|first4=Thomas|title=Cooperation of protein machineries in mitochondrial protein sorting|journal=Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research|volume=1853|issue=5|year=2015|pages=1119–1129|issn=0167-4889|doi=10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.01.012|pmid=25633533|doi-access=free}}</ref> Proteins that are key components in the [[electron transport chain]] are translated in mitochondria.<ref name="JohnstonWilliams2016">{{cite journal|last1=Johnston|first1=Iain G.|last2=Williams|first2=Ben P.|title=Evolutionary Inference across Eukaryotes Identifies Specific Pressures Favoring Mitochondrial Gene Retention|journal=Cell Systems|year=2016|issn=2405-4712|doi=10.1016/j.cels.2016.01.013|volume=2|issue=2|pages=101–111|pmid=27135164|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Hamers2016">{{cite journal|last1=Hamers|first1=Laurel|title=Why do our cell's power plants have their own DNA?|journal=Science|year=2016|issn=0036-8075|doi=10.1126/science.aaf4083}}</ref> |
Mitochondria contain around 1000 proteins in [[yeast]] and 1500 proteins in [[Human|humans]]. However, only 8 and 13 proteins are encoded in [[mitochondrial DNA]] in yeast and humans respectively. Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized via cytoplasmic ribosomes.<ref name="WenzOpaliński2015">{{cite journal|last1=Wenz|first1=Lena-Sophie|last2=Opaliński|first2=Łukasz|last3=Wiedemann|first3=Nils|last4=Becker|first4=Thomas|title=Cooperation of protein machineries in mitochondrial protein sorting|journal=Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research|volume=1853|issue=5|year=2015|pages=1119–1129|issn=0167-4889|doi=10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.01.012|pmid=25633533|doi-access=free}}</ref> Proteins that are key components in the [[electron transport chain]] are translated in mitochondria.<ref name="JohnstonWilliams2016">{{cite journal|last1=Johnston|first1=Iain G.|last2=Williams|first2=Ben P.|title=Evolutionary Inference across Eukaryotes Identifies Specific Pressures Favoring Mitochondrial Gene Retention|journal=Cell Systems|year=2016|issn=2405-4712|doi=10.1016/j.cels.2016.01.013|volume=2|issue=2|pages=101–111|pmid=27135164|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Hamers2016">{{cite journal|last1=Hamers|first1=Laurel|title=Why do our cell's power plants have their own DNA?|journal=Science|year=2016|issn=0036-8075|doi=10.1126/science.aaf4083}}</ref> |
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i like this one |
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== Structure == |
== Structure == |
This article is missing information about non-animal. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (December 2020)
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The mitochondrial ribosome, or mitoribosome, is a protein complex that is active in mitochondria and functions as a riboprotein for translating mitochondrial mRNAs encoded in mtDNA. Mitoribosomes, like cytoplasmic ribosomes, consist of two subunits — large (mtLSU) and small (mt-SSU).[1] However, the ratio of rRNA/protein is different from cytoplasmic ribosomes. Mitoribosomes consist of several specific proteins and less rRNAs.[1]
Mitochondria contain around 1000 proteins in yeast and 1500 proteins in humans. However, only 8 and 13 proteins are encoded in mitochondrial DNA in yeast and humans respectively. Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized via cytoplasmic ribosomes.[2] Proteins that are key components in the electron transport chain are translated in mitochondria.[3][4]
Mammalian mitoribosomes have small 28S and large 39S subunits, together forming a 55S mitoribosome.[5][6] Plant mitoribosomes have small 33S and large 50S subunits, together forming a 78S mitoribosome.[5][6]
Animal mitoribosomes only have two rRNAs, 12S (SSU) and 16S (LSU), both highly minimizeed compared to their larger homologues.[5] Most eukaryotoes use 5S mitoribosomal RNA, animals, fungi, alveolates and euglenozoans being the exceptions.[7] A variety of methods have evolved to fill in the gap left by a missing 5S, with animals co-opting a Mt-tRNA (Val in vertebrates).[5][8]
The mitochondrial ribosomal protein nomenclature generally follows that of bacteria, with extra numbers used for mitochondrion-specific proteins. (For more information on the nomenclature, see Ribosomal protein § Table of ribosomal proteins.)
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Proteins |
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Other concepts |
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Ribosomal RNA / ribosome subunits
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Archaea (70S) |
Small (30S): | ||||||
Bacteria (70S) |
Small (30S): | ||||||
Eukaryotes |
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Ribosomal proteins | (See article table) |
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