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ハバナ症候群

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』

: Havana syndrome2016使使2024[1]

[2][3]202331[4]2024GRU[1]

概要

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ハバナ症候群が発生した場所の一つ「オテル・ナシオナーレ(Hotel Nacionale)」

20178使使[2][5][6]

調20178調[7]使10[8]1[9][10][11][12]20184[13]D.C.[14]

20215130CIA[15]7使調[16]使調[17][18]

2021調JASON[3]

2022120CIA[19]1000[19]20調[19][20]

20222CIA[21][22][23][24]

202331ODNI7[25][26][27]調[28]

202432JAMA[29][30]MRI[31][32][33][31][32][33]MRI[33]2調[31][32][34]8630[34]8624617930[31][32][34][31][32][34][31][32][34]

202441調GRU29155[35][1]CBS60調[1]

メディア報道への批判

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 [36][37][38][39]

20221[40]

60[41]

NPR[42]

使 [43]

キューバ

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キューバ

2017年8月、報告書はキューバのアメリカおよびカナダの外交官が[44]2016年後半に遡り原因不明の体調不良を経験していることを明らかにした[45][46]。2018年6月現在、26名が症状を訴えている[47]

事件

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2030宿[48]AP使[49][50][51]20199使[52]2020調[53][54]
ハバナで米国大使館の一部の職員が聞いた音の記録[55]
波形
スペクトル:ピークは7kHz

アメリカ合衆国の外交官への影響

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1使[56][57][58][57][59][60][61]

20178D.C.使2[45]9使退[62]201710[8][63]

201832使使9[64]

カナダの外交官への影響

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20183MRI 20182017RCMP調[65]

201920181214使[66]20192628005[67]

その他の国

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2017[68]

2021513020219200調[69]

中国

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2018201842017[13][70][71][72] 調[73][74][75]

ワシントンD.C.

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2019年、ホワイトハウスの職員がワシントンのバージニア郊外で犬の散歩中に衰弱症状を経験したと報告し、この事件は2020年に公に報告された。2020年11月、ホワイトハウスの南側に隣接する公園(ザ・エリプス)で同様の事件が報告された。いずれの事件も、CIAや国務省の職員を含む海外の数十人の米軍関係者を襲ったと報告された事件と類似していた。連邦機関が調査し、国防総省の当局者は2021年4月に上院軍事委員会と下院軍事委員会のメンバーに説明した。調査官は議会のメンバーに、事件の原因や責任者を特定することはできなかったと述べたが、当局者はロシアや中国が関連している可能性を主張したが、証拠は示せなかった[76]

その他のアジア

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20218使2[77]

20219CIACIA[78]

ヨーロッパ

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2021[79]7調調

20218使2202110使[79]

20221[80]


その他の地域

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2021年10月には、コロンビアの首都ボゴタにいるアメリカ大使館員とその家族が、本症候群に関連する症状を発症したことが報告された。

過去の類似例

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1975[81]1978[82][83]

脚注

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(一)^ abcd 調 202443202446

(二)^ ab2017122629 

(三)^ ab. GLOBE. 20211031

(四)^   使調 CIA調2023326

(五)^ Entous, Adam; Anderson, Jon Lee (November 19, 2018). The Mystery of the Havana Syndrome: Unexplained brain injuries afflicted dozens of American diplomats and spies. What happened? (). The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/11/19/the-mystery-of-the-havana-syndrome 20211022. 

(六)^ Payne, Elizabeth (20181130). Ottawa doctor treating Canadian diplomats with mysterious 'Havana syndrome' (). . https://ottawacitizen.com/news/local-news/ottawa-doctor-treating-canadian-diplomats-with-mysterious-havana-syndrome 20211022. "It is being called Havana syndrome and officials in Canada and the United States, where more than 20 diplomats have been affected, are trying to identify the cause of the injuries." 

(七)^   201791420211022

(八)^ abTrump says Cuba 'responsible' for alleged sonic attacks, but offers no evidence (). The Guardian. (20171016). https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/oct/16/trump-says-cuba-responsible-for-alleged-sonic-attacks-but-offers-no-evidence 2017127 

(九)^ "Jeff Flake says there's "no evidence" Cuban government attacked American diplomats (). CBS News. (201816). https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jeff-flake-says-theres-no-evidence-cuban-government-attacked-american-diplomats/ 

(十)^ Sample, Ian (2018224). Fresh row over mysterious sickness affecting US diplomats in Cuba. The Guardian. 201846. https://archive.is/k0haN 201846 

(11)^ BURES, FRANK. Cuba's Sonic Attacks Show Us Just How Susceptible Our Brains Are to Mass Hysteria. Slate. https://slate.com/technology/2018/02/cubas-sonic-attacks-show-us-just-how-susceptible-our-brains-are-to-mass-hysteria.html 201841. 

(12)^ HITT, JACK (2019-01-06). The Real Story Behind the Havana Embassy Mystery. Vanity Fair. https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/01/the-real-story-behind-the-havana-embassy-mystery 20211022. 

(13)^ abPerlez, Jane; Lee Myers, Steven (201867). China Pledges to Investigate Fears of Sonic Attacks on U.S. Diplomats. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/07/world/asia/sonic-attack-china-guangzhou-consulate-.html?pagewanted=all 20211024 

(14)^ US investigating possible mysterious directed energy attack near White House. CNN. 20211031

(15)^ 130 NY20215132021515

(16)^ 調. CNN.co.jp. (2021720). https://www.cnn.co.jp/world/35174164.html 2021722 

(17)^ 使. CNN.co.jp. (20211013). https://www.cnn.co.jp/usa/35178006.html 20211017 

(18)^ CIA2002021101720211017

(19)^ abc CIA. . (2022121). https://www.sankei.com/article/20220121-EZX5UDFRIRLNHA4LKINJHIAYAA/ 202231 

(20)^  .  BBC (202223). 2024118

(21)^ . Reuters. . (202223). https://jp.reuters.com/article/usa-diplomats-havana-syndrome-idJPKBN2K8066 202224 

(22)^  . CNN.co.jp.   (202223). 202224

(23)^  . .   (202224). 202224

(24)^ . WSJ Japan.   (202223). 202224

(25)^ Updated Assessment of Anomalous Health Incidents (PDF).  NIC (202331). 2024118

(26)^  .  BBC (202332). 2024118

(27)^ 調.   (202332). 2024118

(28)^ Havana Syndrome definitely (maybe) not caused by brain-scrambling energy weapons.  The Register (202332). 2024118

(29)^ .   (2024319). 2024322

(30)^ Medical studies find no trace of physical harm in Havana syndrome patients.  The Guardian (2024318). 2024324

(31)^ abcdefNew Studies Find No Evidence of Brain Injury in Havana Syndrome Cases. The New York Times (2024318). 20243182024318

(32)^ abcdef"Despite symptoms, NIH research finds no evidence of 'Havana syndrome' in brain scans" Katie Bo Lillis Jen Christensen, CNN, March 18, 2024 https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/18/health/havana-syndrome-studies/index.html

(33)^ abcPierpaoli C., Nayak A., Hafiz R., et al. Neuroimaging Findings in US Government Personnel and Their Family Members Involved in Anomalous Health Incidents. JAMA. Published online March 18, 2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2424.

(34)^ abcdeChan, Leighton; Hallett, Mark; Zalewski, Chris K.; Brewer, Carmen C.; Zampieri, Cris; Hoa, Michael; Lippa, Sara M.; Fitzgibbon, Edmond et al. (2024-03-18). Clinical, Biomarker, and Research Tests Among US Government Personnel and Their Family Members Involved in Anomalous Health Incidents (). JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.2413. ISSN 0098-7484. PMC 10949151. PMID 38497797. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2816533. 

(35)^ . Reuters. (202441). https://jp.reuters.com/world/us/AD7XEXKDL5L5DKRJXO6673NWHE-2024-04-01/ 202445 

(36)^ "Havana Syndrome Is Fake. But Mainstream Media Couldn't Get Enough of It for Years." Branko Marcetic 4 March 2023 The Jacobin https://jacobin.com/2023/03/havana-syndrome-government-report-debunking-intelligence-establishment-media

(37)^ "Havana Syndrome and the Psychosomatic Empire" 15 March 2023 The Nation https://www.thenation.com/podcast/world/tom-marcetic-havana/

(38)^ Baloh, Robert W.; Bartholomew, Robert E. (2020). Havana Syndrome: Mass Psychogenic Illness and the Real Story Behind the Embassy Mystery and Hysteria. Springer International. ISBN 9783030407469. March 3, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230303150226/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Havana_Syndrome/2AjYDwAAQBAJ 20211021 

(39)^ " 'Havana Syndrome': A post mortem. " Bartholomew RE, Baloh RW. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 2024;70(2):402-405. doi:10.1177/00207640231208374 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/00207640231208374

(40)^ Cooper, Ryna (2022120). A fake Russian ray gun destroyed the media's BS detector. The Week. 2022415. https://web.archive.org/web/20220415010835/https://theweek.com/foreign-affairs/1009211/a-fake-russian-ray-gun-destroyed-the-medias-bs-detector 2022415 

(41)^ Bartholomew, Robert (2021). 60 Minutes Whips Up 'Havana Syndrome' Hysteria, Airs Sensational Segment on White House 'Attacks'. Australian Skeptics. 202258. https://web.archive.org/web/20220508165420/https://www.skeptic.com/reading_room/60-minutes-whips-up-havana-syndrome-hysteria-airs-sensational-segment-on-white-house-attacks/ 2022415 

(42)^ Martin, Michael (2022123). The danger of pushing the foreign attack theory for 'Havana Syndrome'. NPR. 2022415. https://web.archive.org/web/20220415162533/https://www.npr.org/2022/01/23/1075216807/the-danger-of-pushing-the-foreign-attack-theory-for-havana-syndrome 2022415 

(43)^ Mass Psychogenic Illness: The Unacceptable Diagnosis. skepticalinquirer.org.  CFI (2022216). 20238212023821

(44)^ Mystery of sonic weapon attacks at US embassy in Cuba deepens (). The Guardian. (2017914). https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/14/mystery-of-sonic-weapon-attacks-at-us-embassy-in-cuba-deepens 20211022 

(45)^ abNeuman, Scott (201789). Cuban Diplomats Expelled After U.S. Embassy Staff 'Incidents' In Havana (). NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/08/09/542513962/cuban-diplomats-expelled-after-u-s-embassy-staff-incidents-in-havana 2017101 

(46)^ Connor, Tracy; Murray, Mary; Williams, Abigail (2017917). Victim of Cuba embassy 'attacks' frustrated by response (). NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/cuba-embassy-attacks-baffle-u-s-frustrate-victim-n802326 2017101 

(47)^ U.S. says another American suffers illness at its Cuba embassy (). Reuters. (2018628). https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cuba-usa-diplomats/us-says-26-americans-at-cuba-embassy-had-health-problems-after-another-case-confirmed-idUSKBN1JO2P2 201873 

(48)^ Hurley, Dan (22 March 2018). The Mystery Behind Neurological Symptoms Among US Diplomats in Cuba: Lots of Questions, Few Answers. Neurology Today 18 (6): 1, 2426. doi:10.1097/01.NT.0000532085.86007.9b. 

(49)^ Dangerous sound? What Americans heard in Cuba attacks (). AP. https://apnews.com/88bb914f8b284088bce48e54f6736d84 20171012 

(50)^ Stone, Richard (20 June 2018). Sonic attack or mass paranoia? New evidence stokes debate over diplomats' mysterious illness. Science. doi:10.1126/science.aau5386. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/06/sonic-attack-or-mass-paranoia-new-evidence-stokes-debate-over-diplomats-mysterious 2018622. 

(51)^ "U.S. diplomats in Cuba have unusual brain syndrome, but theres no proof they were attacked, study says", Feb 2018,

(52)^  .  AFP (2019920). 2020422

(53)^ 調.  BBC news (2020127). 2020129

(54)^  .   (2020126). 20201214

(55)^ Josh Lederman & Michael Weissenstein (20171013). Dangerous sound? What Americans heard in Cuba attacks. Associated Press. https://apnews.com/88bb914f8b284088bce48e54f6736d84 

(56)^ Cohen, Zachary (20171013). New audio adds to mystery of Cuba attacks (). CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2017/10/13/politics/cuba-us-diplomats-acoustic-weapons/index.html 

(57)^ abDoubek, James. At Least 16 U.S. Embassy Staff In Cuba Treated After 'Health Attacks' ().  NPR. 2019329

(58)^ U.S. does not believe Cuba is behind sonic attacks on American diplomats (). McClatchy News Service. (2017926). http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/white-house/article175493626.html 

(59)^ Chavez, Nicole. Using sound to attack: The diverse world of acoustic devices (). CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2017/08/10/health/acoustic-weapons-explainer/index.html 2019329 

(60)^ How Canadian diplomats in Cuba are being acoustically attacked (). Macleans.ca (2017824). 2017127

(61)^  調201810820211024

(62)^ Rich Edson (2017929). US stops issuing visas in Cuba, cuts embassy staff, urges no travel to island (). Fox News. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/09/29/us-stops-issuing-visas-in-cuba-cuts-embassy-staff-urges-no-travel-to-island.html 2017101 

(63)^ Zachary Cohen. Trump blames Cuba for mysterious attacks on US diplomats (). CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2017/10/16/politics/trump-cuba-us-diplomats-attack/index.html 2017127 

(64)^ US Embassy in Cuba to reduce staff indefinitely after 'health attacks'. CNN.com.  CNN (201832). 20184222018422

(65)^ Blood and bureaucracy: Inside Canadas panicked response to Havana syndrome. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-blood-and-bureaucracy-inside-canadas-panicked-response-to-havana/ 201927 

(66)^ Sevunts, Levon (2019130). Havana Syndrome forces Canada to halve its diplomatic presence in Cuba". Radio Canada International. http://www.rcinet.ca/en/2019/01/30/havana-syndrome-forces-canada-to-halve-its-diplomatic-presence-in-cuba/ 20211024 

(67)^ Campion-Smith, Bruce (201927). Ailing Canadian diplomats who served in Cuba have 'visible and real' health impacts, Trudeau says (). Tronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2019/02/07/ailing-canadian-diplomats-who-served-in-cuba-have-visible-and-real-health-impacts-justin-trudeau-says.html 201927 

(68)^ Havana Syndrome Attacks Widen With CIA Officers Evacuation From Serbia. Wall Street Journal. (2021928). https://www.wsj.com/articles/havana-syndrome-attacks-widen-as-cia-officer-is-evacuated-from-serbia-11632844044 

(69)^ Havana syndrome  and the mystery of the microwaves. BBC News. (202198). https://www.bbc.com/news/world-58396698 

(70)^ U.S. Diplomats Evacuated in China as Medical Mystery Grows. The New York Times. (201866). https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/06/world/asia/china-guangzhou-consulate-sonic-attack.html?pagewanted=all 

(71)^ Musil, Steven (201866). US diplomats evacuated from China amid 'sonic attack' concerns (). CNET. https://www.cnet.com/news/us-diplomats-evacuated-from-china-amid-sonic-attack-concerns/ 20211024 

(72)^ Jiang, Steven; Westcott, Ben; Vazquez, Maegan (2018524). Pompeo says China incident 'entirely consistent' with Cuba 'sonic attacks'. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/23/asia/us-employee-china-sound-injury-intl/index.html 20211024 

(73)^ Kuo, Lily (201867). 'Sonic attack' fears as more US diplomats fall ill in China (). the Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jun/07/sonic-attack-fears-as-more-us-diplomats-fall-ill-in-china 20211024 

(74)^ U.S. expands China health alert amid illness reports. Reuters. (201868). https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-usa-illness/u-s-expands-china-health-alert-amid-illness-reports-idUSKCN1J408E 201868 

(75)^ Achenbach, Joel (201868). Controversy surrounds research on State Department employees sickened in attacks. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2018/06/08/controversy-surrounds-research-on-state-department-employees-sickened-in-attacks 2018610 

(76)^ US investigating possible mysterious directed energy attack near White House. CNN. 20211031

(77)^ 3 . CNN.co.jp. 20211031

(78)^ CIA. CNN.co.jp. 20211031

(79)^ ab使 . . 20211031

(80)^ .   (2022114). 2022116

(81)^ CNS - Conflicting Evidence Revives "Yellow Rain" Controversy - August 5, 2002 - Research Story of the Week. web.archive.org. 20211031

(82)^ Madden, L. V.; Wheelis, M. (2003). The threat of plant pathogens as weapons against U.S. crops. Annual Review of Phytopathology 41: 155176. PMID 12730385. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12730385/. 

(83)^ Christopher, G. W.; Cieslak, T. J. (1997-08-06). Biological warfare. A historical perspective. JAMA 278 (5): 412417. PMID 9244333. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9244333/. 

関連項目

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外部リンク

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