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{{Short description|Traditional cakes from Java, Indonesia}} |
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[[File:Jajan Pasar in Jakarta.JPG|thumb|250px|Jajan pasar in Jakarta, Indonesia]] |
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{{Copy edit|date=February 2021}} |
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'''''Jajan pasar''''' (Javanese: market snacks) refers to traditional [[Javanese people|Javanese]] cakes sold in Javanese markets.<ref>{{cite book | author=Asian Folklore Institute | author2=Society for Asian Folklore | author3=Nanzan Daigaku. Jinruigaku Kenkyūjo | author4=Nanzan Shūkyō Bunka Kenkyūjo | title=Asian Folklore Studies | publisher=Nanzan University Institute of Anthropology | year=1997 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IrXfAAAAMAAJ | access-date=February 2, 2021 | page=267}}</ref> |
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{{Notability|1=Products|date=February 2021}} |
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{{Unreferenced|date=February 2021}} |
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}} |
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'''''Jajan Pasar''''' (Javanese: market snacks) refers to traditional [[Javanese people|Javanese]] cakes sold in the Javanese markets. |
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== Etymology == |
== Etymology == |
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''Jajan'' in Javanese can mean 1) to buy food; or 2) snacks/food for sale, while ''pasar'' means "market".<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Poerwadarminta|first=W.J.S.|title=Bausastra|year=1939}}</ref> ''Jajan pasar'' thus means "snacks/food sold in the market". |
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''Jajan'' ''Pasar'' is a term originally used to describe the traditional Javanese snacks. Other words that are used to refer to it are ''Jajan'', ''Pasar roti'' (from [[Sanskrit]] "rotika" which means [[Indian bread|Indian flat bread]]) for any baked food, ''Pasar bolu'' (from [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] "bolo" - sponge cake) for [[sponge cake]] or cakes with the same texture, and ''kue'' for Chinese snacks and birthday cakes. |
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There are different types of snacks sold in traditional markets in Java: ''jajan pasar'', ''kue'', ''bolu'', and ''roti''. ''Jajan pasar'' refers to native Javanese snacks; ''kue (''from Chinese ''gao; kwe)'' refers to western cakes and steamed cakes of [[Chinese language|Chinese]] origin; ''bolu'' (from [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] ''bolo'') refers to sponge cakes and other types of cakes with a similar texture; while ''roti'' (from [[Sanskrit]] ''rotika'') refers to baked goods in general.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kuaranita|first=Fellycia Novka|date=2021-02-11|title=Asal-usul Kue Keranjang, Sajian Khas Tahun Baru Imlek|url=https://klasika.kompas.id/baca/asal-usul-kue-keranjang-sajian-khas-tahun-baru-imlek/|access-date=2021-03-11|website=Klasika|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Media|first=Kompas Cyber|date=2019-10-27|title=Menelusuri Sejarah Bolu dalam Tampilan Oleh-oleh Tanah Pasundan|url=https://lifestyle.kompas.com/read/2019/10/27/121338820/menelusuri-sejarah-bolu-dalam-tampilan-oleh-oleh-tanah-pasundan|access-date=2021-03-11|website=KOMPAS.com|language=id}}</ref> |
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Within cities it is common to call them "kue" due to a strong presence of people of Chinese descent who prefer using their own language rather than native Javanese words. |
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However, in urban areas, the word "kue" is used to refer to all kinds of food products mentioned above.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Ridha|first=Author Muhsin|date=2019-01-28|title=Cara Membuat Kue basah yang Enak dan Bikin Nagih|url=https://usaharumahan.id/cara-membuat-kue-basah/|access-date=2021-03-11|website=Usaha Rumahan|language=en-US}}</ref> This happened due to a strong influence of Chinese descendants' language use in the areas. More than 90% of Chinese descendants in Indonesia (who may not speak fluent Chinese, but would incorporate some Chinese words into their speech) live in the cities, where Indonesian language is spoken as a ''lingua franca.'' The word "kue" was later adopted to the "Great Indonesian Dictionary" (KBBI) to refer to all kinds of snacks, no matter the origins.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-08-24|title=Berapa Jumlah populasi Etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia? {{!}} Tionghoa.INFO|url=https://www.tionghoa.info/berapa-jumlah-populasi-etnis-tionghoa-di-indonesia/|access-date=2021-03-11|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Mz|first=Niammuddin|title=Arti Kata Kue, Makna, Pengertian dan Definisi - Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Online|url=https://artikbbi.com/kue/|access-date=2021-03-11|website=artikbbi.com|language=id-ID}}</ref> |
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The dominance of ''kue'' can often spread to suburbs and villages as they became urbanized, thus blurring the lines between that what constitutes the 'native food' and what does not. |
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The use of ''kue'' instead of ''jajan pasar'', has become increasingly widespread as more suburbs and villages become urbanized, blurring the lines between what constitutes as ethnic Javanese food and what's considered ''peranakan'' (Chinese-influenced); something that might come across as cultural erasure.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Chiak|first=Team Tam|date=2016-11-23|title=17 Traditional Nonya Kueh in Singapore that makes a Superb Snack|url=https://www.misstamchiak.com/nonya-kueh/|access-date=2021-03-11|website=Miss Tam Chiak|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=What Is the Definition of Cultural Erasure?|url=https://www.reference.com/world-view/definition-cultural-erasure-784c227d0c5cfea7|access-date=2021-03-11|website=Reference.com|date=4 August 2015 |language=en}}</ref> |
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== |
==Types of Jajan== |
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Younger generations believe that traditional Javanese snacks do not really exist since the name "kue" suggests that everything is Chinese. |
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* [[Klepon]] |
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This has led to many debates and has often left young Javanese thinking that their culture has contributed nothing. Some believe that their culture has been stolen. |
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* [[Arem-arem]] |
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* [[Lemper]] |
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* [[Serabi]] |
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* [[Nagasari]] |
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* [[Mendoan]] |
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* [[Jenang]] |
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* [[Gethuk]] |
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* [[Putu mayang]] |
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==See also== |
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⚫ | |||
{{portal|Food|Indonesia}} |
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* [[Kue]] |
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* [[Roti]] |
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*[[Kue bolu]] |
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* [[Javanese cuisine]] |
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* [[Javanese diaspora]] |
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* [[Javanese culture]] |
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{{Indonesian cuisine}} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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* {{cite book | last=Alamsyah | first=Y. | title=Kue basah & jajan pasar: warisan kuliner Indonesia | publisher=Gramedia Pustaka Utama | year=2006 | isbn=978-979-22-2152-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BERNCSgnJ1AC&pg=PA7 | language=ms | access-date=February 2, 2021 | pages=7–8}} |
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* {{cite web | title=10 Jajan Pasar Paling Populer dan Digemari di Indonesia, Apa Saja? | website=IDN Times | date=January 7, 2021 | url=https://www.idntimes.com/food/diet/annisa-nur-fitriani-1/jajan-pasar-paling-populer-dan-digemari-di-indonesia-c1c2 | language=id | access-date=February 2, 2021}} |
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* {{cite book | last1=Purnomo | first1=Budi | last2=Salzabila | first2=Rizky | title=Proceedings of the Asia Tourism Forum. 2016 - the 12th Biennial Conference of Hospitality and Tourism Industry in Asia | chapter=Model of Empowering Marginalized Communities Around Star Hotels Through Corporate Social Responsibility | website=Atlantis Press | date=April 1, 2016 | issn=2352-5428 | doi=10.2991/atf-16.2016.36 | url=https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/atf-16/25856865 | access-date=February 2, 2021 | pages=251–256| isbn=978-94-6252-201-5 }} |
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⚫ | |||
[[Category:Indonesian snack foods]] |
Jajan pasar (Javanese: market snacks) refers to traditional Javanese cakes sold in Javanese markets.[1]
Jajan in Javanese can mean 1) to buy food; or 2) snacks/food for sale, while pasar means "market".[2] Jajan pasar thus means "snacks/food sold in the market".
There are different types of snacks sold in traditional markets in Java: jajan pasar, kue, bolu, and roti. Jajan pasar refers to native Javanese snacks; kue (from Chinese gao; kwe) refers to western cakes and steamed cakes of Chinese origin; bolu (from Portuguese bolo) refers to sponge cakes and other types of cakes with a similar texture; while roti (from Sanskrit rotika) refers to baked goods in general.[2][3][4]
However, in urban areas, the word "kue" is used to refer to all kinds of food products mentioned above.[5] This happened due to a strong influence of Chinese descendants' language use in the areas. More than 90% of Chinese descendants in Indonesia (who may not speak fluent Chinese, but would incorporate some Chinese words into their speech) live in the cities, where Indonesian language is spoken as a lingua franca. The word "kue" was later adopted to the "Great Indonesian Dictionary" (KBBI) to refer to all kinds of snacks, no matter the origins.[6][7]
The use of kue instead of jajan pasar, has become increasingly widespread as more suburbs and villages become urbanized, blurring the lines between what constitutes as ethnic Javanese food and what's considered peranakan (Chinese-influenced); something that might come across as cultural erasure.[5][8][9]
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