Somatostatin receptors are receptors for the ligand somatostatin, a small neuropeptide associated with neural signaling, particularly in the post-synaptic response to NMDA receptor co-stimulation/activation. Somatostatin is encoded by a CRE and is very susceptible to gene promoter region activation by transcription factor CREB.^[1]

There are five known somatostatin receptors:^[2]

All are G protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptors.

References

[edit]

^ Lou L (2016). Principles of Neurobiology. New York, NY: Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group. pp. 109–110. ISBN 978-0-8153-4494-0.

^ Hoyer D, Bell GI, Berelowitz M, Epelbaum J, Feniuk W, Humphrey PP, O'Carroll AM, Patel YC, Schonbrunn A, Taylor JE (1995). "Classification and nomenclature of somatostatin receptors". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 16 (3): 86–8. doi:10.1016/S0165-6147(00)88988-9. PMID 7792934.

External links

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Somatostatin+Receptor at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Cell surface receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Class A: Rhodopsin-like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3
Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)
Serotonin	(all but 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)
Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 GHB receptor Histamine H1 H2 H3 H4 Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid

CysLT (1
2)
LTB4
- 1
- 2
FPRL1
OXE
Prostaglandin
- DP (1
- 2), EP (1
- 2
- 3
- 4), FP
Prostacyclin
Thromboxane

Other

Peptide

Neuropeptide

B/W (1
2)
FF (1
2)
S
Y (1
2
4
5)
Neuromedin (B
U (1
2))
Neurotensin (1
2)

Other

Anaphylatoxin (C3a
C5a (1
2))
Angiotensin (1
2)
Apelin
Bombesin
- BRS3
- GRPR
- NMBR)
- Bradykinin (B1
- B2)
Chemokine
Cholecystokinin (A
B)
Endothelin
- A
- B
Formyl peptide (1
2
3)
FSH
Galanin (1
2
3)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1
2)
Ghrelin
Kisspeptin
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin
MAS (1
1L
D
E
F
G
X1
X2
X3
X4)
Melanocortin (1
2
3
4
5)
MCHR (1
2)
Motilin
Opioid (Delta
Kappa
Mu
Nociceptin & Zeta, but not Sigma)
Orexin (1
2)
Oxytocin
Prokineticin (1
2)
Prolactin-releasing peptide
Relaxin (1
2
3
4)
Somatostatin (1
2
3
4
5)
Tachykinin (1
2
3)
Thyrotropin
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Urotensin-II
Vasopressin (1A
1B
2)

Miscellaneous

Taste, bitter

TAS2R
- 1
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- 13
- 14
- 16
- 19
- 20
- 30
- 31
- 38
- 39
- 40
- 41
- 42
- 43
- 45
- 46
- 50
- 60
Vomeronasal receptor type 1

Orphan

GPR (1
3
4
6
12
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
25
26
27
31
32
33
34
35
37
39
42
44
45
50
52
55
61
62
63
65
68
75
78
81
82
83
84
85
87
88
92
101
103
109A
109B
119
120
132
135
137B
139
141
142
146
148
149
150
151
152
153
160
161
162
171
173
174
176
177
182
183)

Other

Class B: Secretin-like

Adhesion

ADGRB
- Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor
  - 1
  - 2
  - 3
ADGRC
- Cadherin
  - 1
  - 2
  - 3
ADGRE
- EMR
  - 1
  - 2
  - 3
- CD97
ADGRG
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
ADGRL
- Latrophilin
  - 1
  - 2
  - 3
- ELTD1

Orphan

GPR (56
64
97
98
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
123
124
125
126
128
133
143
144
155
157)

Other

Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone

Taste, sweet

TAS1R
- 1
- 2
- 3
Vomeronasal receptor, type 2

Other

Calcium-sensing receptor
GABA_B (1
2)
Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8))
GPRC6A
GPR (156
158
179)
RAIG (1
2
3
4)

Class F: Frizzled & Smoothened

Frizzled

Frizzled (1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10)

Smoothened

Smoothened

Neuropeptide receptors

G protein-coupled receptor

Other

Other neuropeptide receptors

Type I cytokine receptor

GH
Prolactin

Enzyme-linked receptor

Atrial natriuretic factor
- NPR1
- NPR2

Other

Sigma
- 1
- 2

v t e GH/IGF-1 axis signaling modulators
GH (somatotropin)	Agonists: Albusomatropin Bovine somatotropin Efpegsomatropin Eftansomatropin alfa Growth hormone Human placental lactogen Lonapegsomatropin Placental growth hormone (growth hormone variant) Somagrebove Somapacitan Somatosalm Somatotropin Somatropin pegol Somatrem Sometribove Somatrogon (MOD-4023; hGH-CTP) Somavaratan Somavubove Somidobove Antagonists: G120K-hGH Pegvisomant Antisense oligonucleotides: Atesidorsen Binding proteins: GHBPTooltip Growth hormone-binding protein
GHIH (somatostatin)	Agonists: BIM-23052 CH-275 Cortistatin-14 Depreotide Edotreotide Ilatreotide L-803,087 L-817,818 Lanreotide NNC 26-9100 Octreotate Octreotide Pasireotide Pentetreotide RC-160 Seglitide Somatostatin (GHIH) Somatostatin (1-28) SRIF-14 SRIF-28 TT-232 Vapreotide Veldoreotide Antagonists: BIM-23056 Cyclosomatostatin CYN-154806 Satoreotide
GHRH (somatocrinin)	Agonists: Peptide: ALRN-5281 CJC-1295 Dumorelin GHRH Modified GRF (1-29) Rismorelin Sermorelin Somatorelin Tesamorelin Antagonists: MZ-5-156
GHS (ghrelin)	Agonists: Peptide: Alexamorelin Cortistatin-14 EP-51216 Examorelin (hexarelin) Ghrelin GHRP-1 GHRP-3 GHRP-4 GHRP-5 GHRP-6 Ipamorelin Lenomorelin Livoletide LY-444711 Pralmorelin (GHRP-2) Relamorelin Tabimorelin Ulimorelin; Non-peptide: Adenosine Anamorelin Capromorelin CP-464709 Ibutamoren (MK-677) L-692,585 Macimorelin SM-130686; Unsorted: LY-426410 LY-444711 Antagonists: A-778193 Cortistatin-8 (D-Lys³)-GHRP-6 JMV2959 YIL-781
IGF-1 (somatomedin)	See here instead.

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