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イスラム革命防衛隊

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』
イラン革命防衛隊から転送)
イスラム革命防衛隊
سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی

上:革命防衛隊の記章
下:革命防衛隊の旗
創設 1979年5月5日
所属政体 イランの旗 イラン
部隊編制単位 軍団
兵種/任務/特性 陸軍
空軍
海軍
ゴドス軍特殊部隊
バスィージ民兵組織)
人員 12万-12万5千人
所在地 テヘラン
主な戦歴 レバノン内戦イラン・イラク戦争対テロ戦争シリア内戦イラク内戦
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: سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی, : Sepah-e Pasdaran-e Enghelab-e Islami

[]


ارتشArtesh1979422[1]1989[2][3]بسيجBasij[4][5]

[]


1Sepâh (سپاه)SepâhArtesh (ارتش)

Pâsdârân (پاسداران) Pâsdâr (پاسدار)SepâhPāsdār

(Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps)[6][7][8]Sepāh-e PâsdârânPâsdârân-e Enghelâb (پاسداران انقلاب) ()  Pâsdârân (پاسداران) () Pâsdârân使

 Iranian Revolutionary Guards (IRG)Revolutionary Guards使[9]Iranian Revolutionary Guard CorpsIslamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)使[10][11][12][13] Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps[14]Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps[15]Iranian Revolutionary GuardIRG使

歴史[編集]


19792155[16][17]



[18]

123

Crusade for Reconstruction198635

198282012-801045,000



199720078200791[19]2019421[20]

2023202420241151162[21]

[]


[22][22]

150[23]Artesh[24]

2020 (2020)[25]2022[26]

[]


[24][27]

125,000
10

4,0005,000

25,000
321,500

15,000


9

30

1,100



42
35

18,0002,600

52,000

[]



[]


1

H&K G356AK-47CQ 311使

[]


沿
x40

x10

x3x2x5x13

P-3Fx5x3RH-53Dx3SH-3Dx10


HY-2YJ-7

5,000

[]

HESA Shahed 285


 Su-25TMFrogfoot10

 EMB-312 Tucano40

/ J-7MiG-21


Shahed 285



20161012011RQ-170 [28][29][30]

[]


SRBM12MRBM2

1300kmB 50300

2500kmC50150

31,3002,500km3,3A,3B48

12121836[31]

2017676186西750km800km[32][33]2018101[30]

6[34]

ゴドス軍[編集]

ゴドス軍の活動区域

نیروی قدسQuds Force515

調CIA使[][35] 西19791996701991819929[]

19881991[36]

1983宿1994199619

2007使使使[][35]

2011720072WIED

20012[37]

西

[38][39]ISIL[40]2015107ISIL[41]

バスィージ[編集]


100



23504208001260200

1126150使[42]

500[43]

2008使

[]

[]


150[44]2009[45]

(Alliance of Builders of Islamic IranAbadgaran)

1985[46] 200431Pásdárán[47]使[48][44]

[]


退[49] 1[50]31[51]

120[52][53]

[54]

Khatam al-Anbia 2500073[44]200670[54]

Oriental Oil Kish ()[55]

Ghorb Nooh[55]

Sahel Consultant Engineering[55]

Ghorb Karbala[55]

Sepasad Engineering Co. ()[55]

Omran Sahel[55]

Hara Company ()[55]

Gharargahe Sazandegi Ghaem[55]

Imensazen Consultant Engineers Institute (Khatam al-Anbia)

Fater Engineering Institute (Khatam al-Anbia)

20099(Telecommunication Company of Iran)51%Mobin(Etemad-e-Mobin)78[56][57] Bahman Group45%Khatam al-AnbiaSADRA[44][58]

bonyad 199010[55]

Mostazafan  ( Mostazafan )

Bonyad Shahid va Omur-e Janbazan ()[44]

[]


Mehdi Khalaji[59](garrison state)[59]

Greg Bruno  Jayshree Bajoria ---[60]290162004[60]20083290182[61]

退[61]

American Enterprise InstituteAli Alfoneh退219[62] [63]

[61]CIABruce Riedel[60]

2009Danielle Pletka  Ali Alfoneh [60] Abbas Milani [60]Frederic Wehrey[60]

[]


(PIJ)[64]

Hushang AlladadHossein MusaviHasan MortezaviMohammad Reza Zahedi 4Hushang AlladadPIJ[64]Hossein MusaviHasan MortevaziMohammad Reza Zahedi Zahedi[64]

使[64]

その他[編集]

アメリカによるテロ支援組織指定や制裁[編集]


200781025200192313224

20181016[65]

20193[66]48415[67]

202013[68][69]

関連項目[編集]

脚注[編集]



(一)^ How was IRGC founded?. Tasnim news Agency. 20171212017422

(二)^ Sinkaya, Bayram (2015), The Revolutionary Guards in Iranian Politics: Elites and Shifting Relations, Routledge, pp. 5556, ISBN 1-317-52564-7 

(三)^ Frederic Wehrey; Jerrold D. Green; Brian Nichiporuk; Alireza Nader; Lydia Hansell; Rasool Nafisi; S. R. Bohandy (2009) (PDF), The Rise of the Pasdaran: Assessing the Domestic Roles of Irans Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, RAND Corporation, p. 110, ISBN 978-0-8330-4620-8, https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/monographs/2008/RAND_MG821.pdf 

(四)^ WSJ西

(五)^ 2() 2017524

(六)^ Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.  irna.ir. 20194282019212

(七)^ Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, part 2.  irib.ir. 20192132019212

(八)^ The alarming of Islamic revolutionary guard corps chief to the enemies..  iribnews.ir. 20192132019212

(九)^ Steven Morris & Ewen MacAskill (7 April 2007). "Someone said, 'Lads, I think we're going to be executed' 7 April 2007". Guardian. London. 20111225

(十)^ Brainroom Facts: Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps. Fox News. (2007323). 20121016. https://web.archive.org/web/20121016033433/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,260645,00.html# 20111225 

(11)^ Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (Quds Force). 2016330201647

(12)^ Hirsch, Michael; Dehghanpisheh, Babak; Hosenball, Mark (2007215). The New Enemy?. Newsweek. 200741. https://web.archive.org/web/20070401125205/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17175607/site/newsweek/ 

(13)^ Chua-Eoan, Howard (2007323). Why Iran Seized the British Marines. Time. 20111220. https://web.archive.org/web/20111220061939/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1602389,00.html?cnn=yes# 20111225 

(14)^ Fact Sheet: Treasury Designates Iranian Entities Tied to the IRGC and IRISL. www.treasury.gov. 2016413201647

(15)^ SECURITY COUNCIL TOUGHENS SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN, ADDS ARMS EMBARGO, WITH UNANIMOUS ADOPTION OF RESOLUTION 1747 (2007) | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases. www.un.org. 2016413201647

(16)^ Ostovar, Afshon P. (2009). Guardians of the Islamic/muslim Revolution Ideology, Politics, and the Development of Military Power in Iran (19792009) (PhD Thesis).  University of Michigan. 20131022013726

(17)^ Frederic Wehrey (2009). The Rise of the Pasdaran. RAND Corporation. 20131072013820

(18)^ 19|

(19)^ John Pike. Pasdaran  Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRCG).  Global Security. 201592420111115

(20)^  姿 20194232019424

(21)^  2.  CNN (2024117). 2024117

(22)^ abJane's World Armies profile: Iran. JDW.  Jane's Information Group (2006829). 2007132019914 (extract). (Paid subscription required)

(23)^ ICL  Iran  Constitution. 200711142019914

(24)^ ab"The Consequences of a Strike on Iran: The Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy" GlobalBearings.net, 15 December 2011.

(25)^  .  BBC (202013). 20231228

(26)^  .  AFP (20231228). 20231228

(27)^ Hughes, Robin (2006104). Iran and Syria advance SIGINT co-operation. JDW.  Janes Information Group. 2007132019914

(28)^  

(29)^ 20182142018102

(30)^ ab 620181022018102

(31)^ AFP20151015201811

(32)^ . . (2017620). https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXLASGM19HA0_Z10C17A6FF1000/ 

(33)^ 2017620()

(34)^  202183202188

(35)^ ab[1][]

(36)^ 2006

(37)^ http://www.jamestown.org/programs/gta/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=866&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=239&no_cache=1

(38)^  2

(39)^ 2000 

(40)^ 2015326

(41)^   20151012

(42)^ 20161030  

(43)^ 22017920

(44)^ abcdeWehrey (2015-06-20). The Rise of the Pasdaran: Assessing the Domestic Roles of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps. Santa Monica, CA: National Defense Research Institute, RAND Corporation. ISBN 978-0-8330-4620-8. 2010-06-15. https://web.archive.org/web/20100615100050/http://rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG821/# 2015620  in full Archived 2012-10-02 at the Wayback Machine. brief summary Archived 2012-10-02 at the Wayback Machine.(PDF)

(45)^ Daragahi, Borzou. (6 July 2009). "Iran's Revolutionary Guard acknowledges taking a bigger role in nation's security" Archived 10 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine.. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 9 July 2009.

(46)^ 18 of Iran's 21 new ministers hail from Revolutionary Guards, secret police.  Iran Focus (2005814). 20122222009722

(47)^ Roy, Olivier, The Politics of Chaos in the Middle East, Columbia University Press, 2008, p.133, 135

(48)^ Q+A-Iran's Revolutionary Guards weave powerful web. Reuters. (2009723). 2009726. https://web.archive.org/web/20090726075626/http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSLM225970# 2009724 

(49)^ Slackman, Michael (2009721). Hard-Line Force Extends Grip Over a Splintered Iran. New York Times. 2016719. https://web.archive.org/web/20160719054939/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/21/world/middleeast/21guards.html?hpw=&pagewanted=print# 2009721 

(50)^ Ganji, Akbar (10 November 2013). Revolutionary Pragmatists. Foreign Affairs. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/140253/akbar-ganji/revolutionary-pragmatists?cid=soc-twitter-in-snapshots-revolutionary_pragmatists-111113 20131112. "The Revolutionary Guards are no longer simply a military institution. They are among the country's most important economic actors, controlling an estimated ten percent of the economy, directly and through various subsidiaries." 

(51)^ Profile: Iran's Revolutionary Guards. BBC News. (20071026). 20081227. https://web.archive.org/web/20081227172931/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7064353.stm 20081227 

(52)^ Murphy, Kim (2007826). Iran's $12-billion enforcers. Los Angeles Times. 20121011. https://web.archive.org/web/20121011090150/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/aug/26/world/fg-guards26# 20081227 

(53)^ Moaveni, Azadeh (200795). Iran's Rich Revolutionary Guard. Time. 2008121. https://web.archive.org/web/20081201151015/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0%2C8599%2C1659039%2C00.html 20081227 

(54)^ abFact Sheet: Designation of Iranian Entities and Individuals for Proliferation Activities and Support for Terrorism.  United States Department of the Treasury (20071025). 20097232009724

(55)^ abcdefghiIlias, Shayerah (2008612). CRS Report for Congress  Iran's Economy  Order Code RL34525 (PDF).  Congressional Research Service, U.S. State Department. 20176272017625

(56)^ "Iran's Rev. Guard buys stake in Iran telecom". AP: Newsday.com. 27 September 2009.

(57)^ Slackman, Michael (8 October 2009). "Elite Guard in Iran Tightens Grip With Media Move" Archived 10 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine.. New York Times.

(58)^ Sayami, Ardalan (2010323). 1388: Year of Militarization of Iran's Economy. Payvand News. 2010326. https://web.archive.org/web/20100326144753/http://www.payvand.com/news/10/mar/1213.html# 2010616 

(59)^ abKhalaji, Mehdi (2007817). Iran's Revolutionary Guards Corps, Inc..  The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. 201292620121011

(60)^ abcdefBruno,, Greg and Jayshree Bajoria (20111012). Iran's Revolutionary Guards. Council on Foreign Relations. 20121112. https://web.archive.org/web/20121112092148/http://www.cfr.org/iran/irans-revolutionary-guards/p14324# 20121011 

(61)^ abcAlfoneh 2012, p. 3.

(62)^ Alfoneh 2012, p. 6.

(63)^ Alfoneh 2012, p. 7.

(64)^ abcdFact Sheet: U.S. Treasury Department Targets Irans Support for Terrorism Treasury Announces New Sanctions Against Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps-Qods Force Leadership. U.S. Department of the Treasury (8/3/2010). 2019592019927

(65)^  20 20181017620181018

(66)^   2019321

(67)^  201949201949

(68)^  .  . 202014

(69)^   .  AFPBB News. 202014

参考文献[編集]

  • 宇垣大成 (2007), “高飛車なアフマディネジャド政権VS米国 分析:イラン軍事力の実像”, 軍事研究 42 (4): 68-79, ISSN 0533-6716