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| Voiceless palatal lateral fricative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 𝼆 | |||
| ʎ̥˔ | |||
| Audio sample | |||
| Encoding | |||
| Entity (decimal) | 𝼆 | ||
| Unicode (hex) | U+1DF06 | ||
| |||
| Voiceless palatal lateral approximant | |
|---|---|
| ʎ̥ | |
| IPA Number | 157 402A |
| Encoding | |
| X-SAMPA | L_0 |
The voiceless palatal lateral fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in a few spoken languages.
This sound is somewhat rare; Dahalo has both a palatal lateral fricative and an affricate; Hadza has a series of palatal lateral affricates. In Bura, it is the realization of palatalized /ɬʲ/ and contrasts with [ʎ].
The extensions to the IPA transcribes this sound with the letter ⟨𝼆⟩ (⟨ʎ⟩ with a belt, analogous to ⟨ɬ⟩ for the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative), which was added to Unicode in 2021.
If distinction is necessary, the voiceless alveolo-palatal lateral fricative may be transcribed as ⟨ɬ̠ʲ⟩ (retracted and palatalized ⟨ɬ⟩) or as advanced ⟨𝼆̟⟩; these are essentially equivalent, since the contact includes both the blade and body (but not the tip) of the tongue. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbols are K_-_jorK_-' and L_0_+_r, respectively. A non-IPA letter ⟨ȴ̊˔⟩ (devoiced and raised ⟨ȴ⟩, which is an ordinary "l", plus the curl found in the symbols for alveolo-palatal sibilant fricatives ⟨ɕ, ʑ⟩) can be used.
Some scholars also posit a voiceless palatal lateral approximant distinct from the fricative. The approximant may be represented in the IPA as ⟨ʎ̥⟩.
Features of the voiceless palatal lateral fricative:
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bura | [example needed] | Contrasts with /l, ʎ, ɬ, ɮ, ʎ̝̊/. | |||
| Dahalo | [𝼆aːbu] | 'leaf' | Contrasts with [ɬ] and [ɬʷ] | ||
| Faroese[1] | kjálki | [ˈt͡ʃʰaʎ̥t͡ʃɪ] | 'jaw' | Allophone of /l/.[1] See Faroese phonology | |
| Inupiaq[2] | sikł̣aq | [sik𝼆̟ɑq] | 'pickaxe' | Alveolo-palatal;[2] also described as an approximant.[3] Contrasts with voiceless /ɬ/ and voiced /ʎ/ and /l/. | |
| nuiŋił̣ł̣uni | [nuiŋi𝼆̟ːuni] | 'because it did not appear' | |||
| Kumeyaay[4] | kałyəxwiiw | [kɑ𝼆əxʷeːw] | 'skunk' | Rare in word-initial position.[4] Contrasts with voiceless /ɬ/ and voiced /ʎ/ and /l/. | |
| Norwegian | Trondheim subdialect of Trøndersk[5] | alt | [ɑʎ̥c] | 'everything, all' | Allophone of /ʎ/ before /c/.[5] See Norwegian phonology |
| Some subdialects of Trøndersk[5] | tatle | [tɑʎ̥] | 'acting silly' | According to some scholars,[6][7] it is a phoneme that contrasts with /ʎ/ (as in /tɑʎ/ 'softwood'.)[5] See Norwegian phonology | |
| Turkish[8] | dil | [ˈd̟iʎ̟̊] | 'tongue' | Devoiced allophone of alveolo-palatal /l/, frequent finally and before voiceless consonants.[8] See Turkish phonology | |
| Xumi | Lower[9] | [ʎ̥˖o˦] | 'spirit' | Described as an approximant. Alveolo-palatal; contrasts with the voiced /ʎ/.[9][10] | |
| Upper[10] | [ʎ̥˖ɛ˦] | 'flavorless' | |||
