| Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ʑ | |||
| IPA Number | 183 | ||
| Audio sample | |||
| Encoding | |||
| Entity (decimal) | ʑ | ||
| Unicode (hex) | U+0291 | ||
| X-SAMPA | z\ | ||
| Braille |   | ||
| |||
The voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʑ⟩ ("z", plus the curl also found in its voiceless counterpart ⟨ɕ⟩), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is z\. It is the sibilant equivalent of the voiced palatal fricative, and as such it can be transcribed in IPA with ⟨ʝ˖⟩.
Features of the voiced alveolo-palatal fricative:
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhaz | ажьа | [aˈʑa] | 'hare' | See Abkhaz phonology | |
| Adyghe | жьау | [ʑaːw] | 'shadow' | ||
| Catalan | Eastern[1] | ajut | [ɐˈʑut̪] | 'help' (n.) | See Catalan phonology |
| All dialects | caixmir | [kä(ɪ̯)ʑˈmiɾ] | 'Cashmere' | ||
| Chinese | Jiangshan | 十 | [ʑyœʔ] | 'ten' | |
| Taiwanese Hokkien | 今仔日/kin-á-ji̍t | [kɪn˧a˥ʑɪt˥] | 'today' | ||
| Czech | život | [ʑɪvot] | 'life' | See Czech phonology | |
| English | Ghana[2] | vision | [ˈviʑin] | 'vision' | Educated speakers may use [ʒ], which this phoneme corresponds to in other dialects.[2] |
| Japanese | 火事/kaji | [kaʑi] | 'fire' | Found in free variation with [d͡ʑ] between vowels. See Japanese phonology | |
| Kabardian | жьэ | [ʑa] | 'mouth' | ||
| Lower Sorbian[3] | źasety | [ʑäs̪ɛt̪ɨ][stress?] | 'tenth' | ||
| Luxembourgish[4] | héijen | [ˈhɜ̝ɪ̯ʑən] | 'high' | Allophone of /ʁ/ after phonologically front vowels; some speakers merge it with [ʒ]. Occurs in only a few words.[4] See Luxembourgish phonology | |
| Pa Na | [ʑu˧˥] | 'small' | |||
| Polish[5] | źrebię | [ˈʑrɛbjɛ]ⓘ | 'foal' | Also denoted by the digraph ⟨zi⟩. See Polish phonology | |
| Portuguese[6][7][8] | magia | [maˈʑi.ɐ] | 'magic' | Also described as palato-alveolar [ʒ].[9][10] See Portuguese phonology | |
| Romani | Kalderash[11] | ʒal | [ʑal] | 'he/she/it goes' | Realized as [d͡ʒ] in conservative dialects. |
| Romanian | Transylvanian dialects[12] | geană | [ˈʑanə] | 'eyelash' | Realized as [d͡ʒ] in standard Romanian. See Romanian phonology |
| Russian | Conservative Moscow Standard[13] | позже | [poʑːe] | 'later' | Somewhat obsolete in many words, in which most speakers realize it as hard [ʐː].[13] Present only in a few words, usually written ⟨жж⟩or⟨зж⟩. See Russian phonology |
| Sema[14] | aji | [à̠ʑì] | 'blood' | Possible allophone of /ʒ/ before /i, e/; can be realized as [d͡ʑ ~ ʒ ~ d͡ʒ] instead.[14] | |
| Serbo-Croatian | Croatian[15] | puž će | [pûːʑ t͡ɕe̞] | 'the snail will' | Allophone of /ʒ/ before /t͡ɕ, d͡ʑ/.[15] See Serbo-Croatian phonology |
| Some speakers of Montenegrin | źenica | [ʑȇ̞nit̻͡s̪a̠] | 'pupil' | Phonemically /zj/ or, in some cases, /z/. | |
| Spanish | Paraguayan[16] | carro | [ˈkaʑo] | 'car' | Dialectal realization of /r/ and allophone of /ɾ/ after /t/. |
| Tatar | Kazan dialect (standard Tatar) | җан / can | [ʑan] | 'soul' | InMishar Dialect, letter җ / c is [d͡ʒ].[17] |
| Uzbek[18] | [example needed] | ||||
| Xumi | Upper[19] | [ʑɐ̝˦] | 'beer, wine' | ||
| Yi | ꑳ/yi | [ʑi˧] | 'tobacco' | ||
