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新疆ウイグル再教育収容所

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』
新疆再教育収容所
新疆再教育収容所
繁体字 再教育[1]
簡体字 再教育
文字通りの意味Xinjiang internment camps
発音記号
標準中国語
漢語拼音zàijiàoyù yíng
ウイグル語
ウイグル語

قايتا تەربىيەلەش لاگېرلىرى

発音記号
新式Qayta terbiyelesh lagérliri
キリル文字Қайта тәрбийәләш лагерлири
職業教育訓練センター
繁体字 職業技能教育培訓中心
簡体字 职业技能教育培训中心
文字通りの意味Vocational Education and Training Centers
発音記号
標準中国語
漢語拼音zhíyè jìnéng jiàoyù péixùn zhōngxīn

: ;: Xinjiang internment camps2014[2][3][4][5][6]

: : Vocational Education and Training Centers)[7][8][9]

201682007171020176510[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]

2019722使[20][21][22][23][24]50[20][21][25][26][26]2021640[27][28]

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201720181019902016[29][30]

20191116Xinjiang Papers[31][32]2014[33][34][35] 5使[31][32][36][37]Journal of Political Risk201620172[38]

24BBC17調ICIJ[39]

20179[39]

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使3[39]

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20185100300[40][41]

20188100[42][43][44]DCNGOChinese Human Rights Defenders CHRD[45]CHRD[46][47][45]8調8[48]使100[49]

2019150[38]ChinaFileJamestown Foundation[50]IstiqlalTV[51][52]The GrayZoneIstiqlalTVETIMETIMAbdulkadir Yapuquan[53]

RFA[54]
VOARFA40206082RFA[55]


ASPI2020961[56]

ASPI[57]CGTNASPI[58]

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調ICIJAI2017615[29][59][60]BBCZapya1804557調[39]

ICIJ1[29]宿[61]

ICIJ11[29]

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20181112 Bitter Winter 23[62][63][64]Business Insider2Bitter Winter[65]



BBCBBC[66][67][68]

[61]

[61]

ICIJ111 [29]

?[61]

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使[38]
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20197
    
   
  

201971022[71]1223[72]

1437[73][74][75][76][77]261350[25][78][79]1002[80]OIC3[30][81]7[82][83][84]820[72]

1124ICIJ使[85]

ICIJICIJ[86]

1125[87][86]

108貿[88] 1126[89]

201911293退2354[90]

20191234071[91][92]

2019126[93][94][95][96][97][98][99]

20206172019G20[100][101][102][102]

202162240調[27][28]100[27][28]

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2019568[103]

2013650[104]

 CETC)使AI[105]

BASF2120[106] Bosch[106]

USA[107][108]

 [109]

関連項目[編集]

脚注[編集]



(一)^  (201810).   (). . 2021213

(二)^ Kate OKeeffe and Katy Stech Ferek (20191114). Stop Calling China's Xi Jinping 'President,' U.S. Panel Says. The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/stop-calling-chinas-xi-jinping-president-u-s-panel-says-11573740000 

(三)^ China: Free Xinjiang 'Political Education' Detainees.  Human Rights Watch. 2017910

(四)^ A Summer Vacation in China's Muslim Gulag. Foreign Policy. (2018228). https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/02/28/a-summer-vacation-in-chinas-muslim-gulag/ 2018228 

(五)^ Ramzy, Austin; Buckley, Chris (20191116). 'Absolutely No Mercy': Leaked Files Expose How China Organized Mass Detentions of Muslims (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/11/16/world/asia/china-xinjiang-documents.html 20191116 

(六)^ Knocking the door of the mind with emotion, use reasons to ease the mood of the people. Web.archive.org. 2017414

(七)^ .  Xinhuanet.com (2019318). 2019720

(八)^ shilei. .  Xjpcsc.gov.cn. 2019331202187

(九)^ Full Text: Vocational Education and Training in Xinjiang. Xinhua (2019816). 2019917

(十)^ 17AFP201994

(11)^ Arrests skyrocketed in China's Muslim far west in 2017. France24. AFP. (2018725). https://www.france24.com/en/20180725-arrests-skyrocketed-chinas-muslim-far-west-2017 2019915 

(12)^ 'Permanent cure': Inside the re-education camps China is using to brainwash Muslims. Business Insider. 2018517

(13)^ China: Big Data Fuels Crackdown in Minority Region.  Human Rights Watch. 2018226

(14)^ Rights groups criticise sharp rise in arrests in China's Xinjiang province. The Irish Times. 2018726

(15)^ China's reeducation camps for Muslims are beginning to look like concentration camps. Vox. (20181024). https://www.vox.com/2018/10/24/18018282/china-reeducation-camps-uighur-muslims 

(16)^ China steps up surveillance on Xinjiang Muslims. Financial Times. 2018718

(17)^ Thousands of Uyghur Muslims detained in Chinese 'political education' camps.  CNN. 201823

(18)^ 100 Christians sent to 're-education' camps in Xinjiang. Business Insider. 2018515

(19)^ Shih, Gerry; Kang, Dake (2018518). Muslims forced to drink alcohol and eat pork in China's're-education'camps, former inmate claims. The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/china-re-education-muslims-ramadan-xinjiang-eat-pork-alcohol-communist-xi-jinping-a8357966.html 2018518 

(20)^ abWhich Countries Are For or Against China's Xinjiang Policies?. The Diplomat. (2019715). https://thediplomat.com/2019/07/which-countries-are-for-or-against-chinas-xinjiang-policies/ 

(21)^ abCNN, Ben Westcott and Richard Roth. China's treatment of Uyghurs in Xinjiang divides UN members. CNN. 20191030

(22)^ 22 countries sign letter calling on China to close Xinjiang Uyghur camps. CNN. 20191221

(23)^ More than 20 ambassadors condemn China's treatment of Uighurs in Xinjiang. The Guardian. (2019711). https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/11/more-than-20-ambassadors-condemn-chinas-treatment-of-uighurs-in-xinjiang 2019915 

(24)^ Joint Statement. Human Rights Watch (201978). 20191221

(25)^ abLetter to UNHRC. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (201989). 202011

(26)^ abMiles, Tom (2019713). Saudi Arabia and Russia among 37 states backing China's Xinjiang policy. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-xinjiang-rights/saudi-arabia-and-russia-among-37-states-backing-chinas-xinjiang-policy-idUSKCN1U721X 2019713 

(27)^ abc40. . (2021622). 2021622. https://web.archive.org/web/20210622121909if_/https://jp.reuters.com/article/china-rights-un-idJPKCN2DY137 

(28)^ abc . . (2021623). 2021622. https://web.archive.org/web/20210622210006/https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOGN2303X0T20C21A6000000/ 

(29)^ abcdeExposed: Chinas Operating Manuals For Mass Internment And Arrest By Algorithm. 調ICIJ. (20191124). https://www.icij.org/investigations/china-cables/exposed-chinas-operating-manuals-for-mass-internment-and-arrest-by-algorithm/ 20191125 

(30)^ abWith Pressure and Persuasion, China Deflects Criticism of Its Camps for Muslims.   (201948). 20191125

(31)^ abAbsolutely No Mercy: Leaked Files Expose How China Organized Mass Detentions of Muslims. . (20191116). https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/11/16/world/asia/china-xinjiang-documents.html 20191118 

(32)^ ab . AFPBB. (20191117). https://www.afpbb.com/articles/-/3255199 20191125 

(33)^ . . (20141231). http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2014/1231/c1001-26309191.html 20191125 

(34)^ . . (201454). http://money.163.com/14/0504/08/9RD094QG00253B0H.html 20191125 

(35)^ Fear and oppression in Xinjiang: Chinas war on Uighur culture. . (2019912). https://www.ft.com/content/48508182-d426-11e9-8367-807ebd53ab77 20191125 

(36)^ Adrian Zenz, Ph.D..  Victims of Communism. 2022212

(37)^ China detaining millions of Uyghurs? Serious problems with claims by US-backed NGO and far-right researcher led by God against Beijing.  The GrayZone. 20234222022212

(38)^ abcZenz, Adrian. Brainwashing, Police Guards and Coercive Internment: Evidence from Chinese Government Documents about the Nature and Extent of Xinjiangs "Vocational Training Internment Camps". Journal of Political Risk 7 (7). http://www.jpolrisk.com/brainwashing-police-guards-and-coercive-internment-evidence-from-chinese-government-documents-about-the-nature-and-extent-of-xinjiangs-vocational-training-internment-camps/#_ftn65 2019714. 

(39)^ abcdefData leak reveals how China 'brainwashes' Uighurs in prison camps,BBC,24 November 2019, 

(40)^ Stewart, Phil (201954). China putting minority Muslims in 'concentration camps,' U.S. says. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-china-concentrationcamps/china-putting-minority-muslims-in-concentration-camps-us-says-idUSKCN1S925K 2019917 

(41)^ Rappeport, Alan; Wong, Edward (201854). In Push for Trade Deal, Trump Administration Shelves Sanctions Over China's Crackdown on Uighurs. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/04/world/asia/trump-china-uighurs-trade-deal.html 2019917 

(42)^ China Uighurs: One million held in political camps, UN told.  BBC. 2018810

(43)^ U.N. says it has credible reports that China holds million Uighurs in secret camps. 2018810

(44)^ Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination reviews the report of China.  United Nations Human Rights Office of The High Commissioner. 2022212

(45)^ abJoint Civil Society Report Submitted to The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. INT_CERD_NGO_CHN_31915_E.pdf.  UN Treaty Body Database. 202466

(46)^ National Endowment for Democracy.  archive.org. 2022212

(47)^ No, the UN did not report China has massive internment camps for Uighur Muslims.  TheGrayZone. 2022212

(48)^ China: Massive Numbers of Uyghurs & Other Ethnic Minorities Forced into Re-education Programs.  Chinese Human Rights Defenders. 2022212

(49)^ What's False and What's True on China-related Human Rights Matters.  Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Malaysia. 2022212

(50)^ Thum, Rian; Harris, Rachel; Leibold, James; Batke, Jessica; Carrico, Kevin; Roberts, Sean R. (201864). How Should the World Respond to Intensifying Repression in Xinjiang?. ChinaFile (Center on U.S.-China Relations at Asia Society). http://www.chinafile.com/conversation/how-should-world-respond-intensifying-repression-xinjiang 201864 

(51)^ Where Did the One Million Figure for Detentions in Xinjiangs Camps Come From?.  ChinaFile. 2022212

(52)^ 89.  News Week Japan. 2022212

(53)^ China detaining millions of Uyghurs? Serious problems with claims by US-backed NGO and far-right researcher led by God against Beijing.  The GrayZone. 20234222022212

(54)^ China detains thousands of Muslims in re-education camps. ucanews.com. 2017913

(55)^ High Numbers of Uyghurs Targeted for Re-Education Camps.  Voice of America. 20171010

(56)^ . Bloomberg.com (2020924). 2021320

(57)^ The 4th Press conference by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Xinjiang-related Issues in Beijing.  Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the People's Republic of China. 20239302023930

(58)^ Xinjiang stories the West turns a blind eye to.  CGTN. 20239302023930

(59)^  2019112520191125

(60)^ Secret documents: China detention camps to 'prevent escapes'. . (20191125). https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20191125/p2g/00m/0in/039000c 20191125 

(61)^ abcdThe 4th Press conference by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Xinjiang-related Issues in Beijing.  Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the People's Republic of China. 20239302023930

(62)^ Bitter Winter - . Bitter Winter () (20181115). 20181225

(63)^  (20181126).  - . Bitter Winter (). 20181225

(64)^  (20181212).  - . Bitter Winter (). 20181225

(65)^ Ma, Alexandra. Shocking footage purportedly shows cells inside prison camp where China oppresses Muslim minority. Business Insider. 20181225

(66)^ Testimonies of Xinjiang 'mass rape victim' proven to be full of loopholes.  ChinaDaily. 20239302023930

(67)^ Xinjiang official accuses BBC of lying, spreading rumors.  ChinaDaily. 20239302023930

(68)^ BBC's false reporting is hurting real Uygurs..  twitter. 20239302023930

(69)^ .  . 20195262023101

(70)^ .......  . 20231012023101

(71)^  22. BBC (2019711). 2019714

(72)^ ab (2019824). 退 - . Bitter Winter (). 2019915

(73)^  (2019715). 37 - . Bitter Winter (). 2019915

(74)^ 37.  AFPBB (2019713). 2019714

(75)^ 37 .   (2019714). 2019714

(76)^ Chinas Retort Over Its Mass Detentions: Praise From Russia and Saudi Arabia. (2019712). 2019714

(77)^ Saudi Arabia and Russia among 37 states backing China's Xinjiang policy. (2019713). 2019714

(78)^  (201982). 13 - . Bitter Winter (). 2019915

(79)^ Fifty ambassadors throw weight behind China on Xinjiang. Global Times (2019727). 2019728

(80)^  . AFPBB (2019210). 2019714

(81)^ Organisation of Islamic Cooperation commends China for its treatment of Muslims. Hong Kong Free Press (2019314). 201998

(82)^ . AFPBB (201973). 2019713

(83)^ China says Turkey president offered support over restive Xinjiang. (201972). 2019714

(84)^ Erdogan says Xinjiang camps shouldn't spoil Turkey-China relationship. CNN (201975). 2019714

(85)^ News; World (20191125). 'China cables' reveal secrets of country's Xinjiang detention camps after leak to foreign media (). National Post (Canada) via Reuters. https://nationalpost.com/news/world/china-cables-reveal-secrets-of-countrys-xinjiang-detention-camps-after-leak-to-foreign-media 20191127 

(86)^ abBrössler, Daniel; Deuber, Lea; Giesen, Christoph (20191125). China Cables - Berlin scheut Kritik an China-Geschäften (). https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/uiguren-china-cables-menschenrechte-1.4697023 20191127 

(87)^ Garside, Juliette; Graham-Harrison, Emma (20191125). UK calls for UN access to Chinese detention camps in Xinjiang (). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/nov/25/uk-calls-for-un-access-chinese-detention-camps-xinjiang 20191127 

(88)^ Hansler, Jennifer (2019108). US announces visa restrictions on China for Xinjiang abuses. CNN. 20191127

(89)^ Pompeo says documents confirm China committing 'very significant' Xinjiang abuses (). Reuters. (20191126). https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-xinjiang-usa-idUSKBN1Y021X 20191127 

(90)^  23 54 . (20191030). 2019111

(91)^ staff, Guardian; agencies (2019124). US House approves Uighur Act calling for sanctions on China's senior officials (). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/04/us-house-approves-uighur-act-calling-for-sanctions-on-chinas-politburo-xinjiang-muslim 2019129 

(92)^  /20191241129

(93)^ Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hua Chunying's Regular Press Conference on December 6, 2019 (2019126). 202015

(94)^ China: Guantanamo report shows US hypocrisy.  Associated Press (2019126). 202015

(95)^ Detainees Lawyers Make Claim on Sleep Deprivation. . (2008715). https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/15/us/15gitmo.html 202015 

(96)^ Uighur men held for 12 years leave Guantánamo Bay for Slovakia. The Guardian. (20131231). https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/31/uighur-men-leave-guantanamo-bay-slovakia 202015 

(97)^ House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on International Organizations, Human Rights, and Oversight, hearing on the FBIs role at Guantanamo Bay prison, June 4, 2008

(98)^ 180. WIRED (200951). 202015

(99)^ Chaddock, Gail Russell (2009422). Report says top officials set tone for detainee abuse. . https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2009/0422/report-says-top-officials-set-tone-for-detainee-abuse 202015 

(100)^  .  BBC (2020618). 20201210

(101)^ 貿 .  CNN (2020622). 20201210

(102)^ ab.   (2020618). 20201210

(103)^ Benjamin Haas (2019921). Which European Companies Are Working in Xinjiang? (). China File (Center on U.S.-China Relations, Asia Society). http://www.chinafile.com/reporting-opinion/features/which-european-companies-are-working-xinjiang 2019129 

(104)^ Deuber, Lea; Giesen, Christoph; Obermaier, Frederik (20191125). China Cables - Welche Verantwortung hat VW? (). Süddeutsche Zeitung. https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/china-cables-vw-verantwortung-xinjiang-uiguren-1.4696626 20191127 

(105)^ Ralf Bosen and Christoph Strack (20191127). China Cables: Germany under pressure to respond to Beijing's Uighur internment (). Deutsche Welle (www.dw.com). https://www.dw.com/en/china-uighurs-siemens-germany-partnership/a-51405883 20191127 

(106)^ abPreker, Alexander (20191125). Deutsche Konzerne und die Uiguren in Xinjiang: Eine Frage der Moral. Spiegel Online. https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/uiguren-in-xinjiang-vw-und-basf-und-die-frage-der-moral-a-1298116.html 2019129 

(107)^ Erik Prince had 'no knowledge' of training agreement in China's Xinjiang: spokesman.  . 20191223

(108)^ In Push for Trade Deal, Trump Administration Shelves Sanctions Over Chinas Crackdown on Uighurs.   (201954). 20191223

(109)^ .  . 20231012023101

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Xinjiang Papers)[]


Xinjiang Papers):Absolutely No Mercy: Leaked Files Expose How China Organized Mass Detentions of Muslims. . (20191116). https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/11/16/world/asia/china-xinjiang-documents.html 20191222 

[]


:Read The China Cables Documents. 調International Consortium of Investigative Journalists ; ICIJ. (20191124). https://www.icij.org/investigations/china-cables/read-the-china-cables-documents/ 20191222 

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Das sind die China Cables (). Süddeutsche Zeitung GmbH, Munich. (20191125). https://projekte.sueddeutsche.de/artikel/politik/das-sind-die-china-cables-e185468/ 20191127 

The China cables (). The Guardian. (20191124). https://www.theguardian.com/world/series/the-china-cables 20191127 

The Irish Times view on the China Cables: Xinjiang's nightmare (). The Irish Times, Dublin. (20191124). https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/editorial/the-irish-times-view-on-the-china-cables-xinjiang-s-nightmare-1.4093525 2019124 

Zenz, Adrian (20191124). China Didn't Want Us to Know. Now Its Own Files Are Doing the Talking. (). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/24/opinion/china-xinjiang-files.html 2019124 

Adrian Zenz (201911). "Wash Brains, Cleanse Hearts": Evidence from Chinese Government Documents about the Nature and Extent of Xinjiang's Extrajudicial Internment Campaign. Journal of Political Risk 7 (10). http://www.jpolrisk.com/wash-brains-cleanse-hearts/ 

TBS NEWS (13 June 2021). . You Tube.