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{{Short description|Indonesian fried chicken}} |
{{Short description|Indonesian and Malaysian fried chicken}} |
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{{Italic title}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} |
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{{EngvarB|date=September 2019}} |
{{EngvarB|date=September 2019}} |
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{{more citations needed|date=August 2013}} |
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{{Infobox food |
{{Infobox food |
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| name = Ayam goreng |
| name = Ayam goreng |
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| image = Ayam goreng in Jakarta.JPG |
| image = Ayam goreng in Jakarta.JPG |
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| image_size = 272px |
| image_size = 272px |
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| caption = ''Ayam goreng |
| caption = ''[[Ayam goreng kalasan]]'', served with ''kremes'' crispy granules |
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| alternate_name = |
| alternate_name = |
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| national_cuisine = [[Indonesian cuisine|Indonesia]],<ref name="ASIAN_TOP"/> [[Bruneian cuisine|Brunei]], [[Malaysian cuisine|Malaysia]],<ref name="ASIAN_TOP">{{Cite web|url=http://asiantoprecipes.weebly.com/ayam-goreng-indonesian-fried-chicken.html|title=Ayam Goreng (Indonesian Fried Chicken)|website=Asian Top 10 Recipes|author=Ferdie|language=en|access-date=2020-04-01}}</ref> [[Singaporean cuisine|Singapore]] |
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| region = Maritime Southeast Asia |
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| national_cuisine = [[Indonesian cuisine|Indonesia]], [[Bruneian cuisine|Brunei]], [[Malaysian cuisine|Malaysia]], [[Singaporean cuisine|Singapore]] |
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| creator = |
| creator = |
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| course = [[Main course]] |
| course = [[Main course]] |
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| other = |
| other = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Ayam goreng''' is an [[Indonesian cuisine|Indonesian]] and [[Malaysian cuisine|Malaysian]] dish consisting of [[ |
'''''Ayam goreng''''' is an [[Indonesian cuisine|Indonesian]] and [[Malaysian cuisine|Malaysian]] dish consisting of [[deep fried|deep-fried]] [[chicken (food)|chicken]] in [[Cooking oil|oil]]. ''Ayam goreng'' literally means "[[fried chicken]]" in [[Malay language|Malay]], [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] and also in many [[Languages of Indonesia|Indonesian regional languages]] (e.g. [[Javanese language|Javanese]]). Unlike other countries, Indonesian fried chicken usually uses [[turmeric]] and [[garlic]] as its main ingredients rather than flour. |
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== Marination and spices == |
== Marination and spices == |
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[[File:Ayam goreng (2).JPG|thumb|left|Frying ''ayam goreng'']] |
[[File:Ayam goreng (2).JPG|thumb|left|Frying ''ayam goreng'']] |
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The spice mixture may vary among regions, but |
Some versions of ''ayam goreng'' are neither coated in [[Batter (cooking)|batter]] nor flour, but seasoned richly with various [[spices]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lang|first=Rebecca|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8judBAAAQBAJ&q=Indonesian+fried+chicken&pg=PT189|title=Fried Chicken: Recipes for the Crispy, Crunchy, Comfort-Food Classic [A Cookbook]|date=2015-05-26|publisher=Potter/Ten Speed/Harmony/Rodale|isbn=978-1-60774-725-3|language=en}}</ref> The spice mixture may vary among regions, but it usually consists of a combination of ground [[shallot]], garlic, [[Indian bay leaves]], [[turmeric]], [[lemongrass]], [[tamarind]] juice, [[candlenut]], [[galangal]], salt, and sugar. The chicken pieces are soaked and marinated in the spice mixture for some time prior to frying, allowing the chicken to absorb the spices. The marination process might include heating the chicken in ground spices to assist the spice absorption. Most often prior to deep frying, ''ayam goreng'' is already half-cooked with yellowish colour tinted of turmeric. In Javanese, this process is called ''ungkep''. |
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The chicken is then [[deep fried]] in an ample amount of hot cooking oil, either [[Palm oil|palm]] or [[coconut oil]]. The chicken is well-fried until golden yellow. Some |
The chicken is then [[deep fried]] in an ample amount of hot cooking oil, either [[Palm oil|palm]] or [[coconut oil]]. The chicken is well-fried until golden yellow. Some variants such as Javanese ''ayam goreng kremes'' might add the deep fried spiced flour as crispy granules. While in other recipes, these tasty granules are acquired from fried grated galangal or coconut (''serundeng''). |
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''Ayam goreng'' is usually served with [[steamed rice]], ''[[sambal]] terasi'' (chili with [[shrimp paste]]) or ''sambal kecap'' (sliced |
''Ayam goreng'' is usually served with [[steamed rice]], ''[[sambal]] terasi'' (chili with [[shrimp paste]]) or ''sambal kecap'' (sliced chilli and shallot in sweet soy sauce) as a dipping sauce or condiment and slices of [[cucumber]] and tomato for garnish. Fried [[tempeh]] and [[tofu]] might be added as side dishes. |
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== Variants == |
== Variants == |
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|title = Ayam Goreng Lengkuas |
|title = Ayam Goreng Lengkuas |
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|website = Tasty Indonesian Food.com |
|website = Tasty Indonesian Food.com |
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|publisher = Tasty Indonesian Food.com |
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}}</ref> also known as ''hayam goreng Bandung'': [[Sundanese cuisine|Sundanese]] [[Bandung]] style ''ayam goreng''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://lifestyle.sindonews.com/read/1085813/185/resep-khas-pasundan-ayam-goreng-lengkuas-bandung-1455623900|title=Resep Khas Pasundan, Ayam Goreng Lengkuas Bandung|work=SINDOnews.com|access-date=11 November 2017|language=id-ID}}</ref> |
}}</ref> also known as ''hayam goreng Bandung'': [[Sundanese cuisine|Sundanese]] [[Bandung]] style ''ayam goreng''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://lifestyle.sindonews.com/read/1085813/185/resep-khas-pasundan-ayam-goreng-lengkuas-bandung-1455623900|title=Resep Khas Pasundan, Ayam Goreng Lengkuas Bandung|work=SINDOnews.com|access-date=11 November 2017|language=id-ID}}</ref> |
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* ''Ayam goreng Padang'': [[Padang food|Padang]] style ''ayam goreng'', there are several variants of Padang fried chicken. The most popular one is quite similar to galangal fried chicken.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cookpad.com/id/cari/ayam%20goreng%20padang|title=92 resep ayam goreng padang enak dan sederhana|website=Cookpad|language=id|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
* ''Ayam goreng Padang'': [[Padang food|Padang]] style ''ayam goreng'', there are several variants of Padang fried chicken. The most popular one is quite similar to galangal fried chicken.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cookpad.com/id/cari/ayam%20goreng%20padang|title=92 resep ayam goreng padang enak dan sederhana|website=Cookpad|language=id|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
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* ''Ayam pop'': Padang style skinless pale fried chicken, served with distinct [[sambal]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.viva.co.id/blog/santap/856910-resep-mudah-masak-ayam-pop-ala-masakan-padang|title=Resep Mudah Masak Ayam Pop ala Masakan Padang |work=VIVA|date=7 December 2016|access-date=11 November 2017|language=id}}</ref> |
* ''[[Ayam pop]]'': Padang style skinless pale fried chicken, served with distinct [[sambal]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.viva.co.id/blog/santap/856910-resep-mudah-masak-ayam-pop-ala-masakan-padang|title=Resep Mudah Masak Ayam Pop ala Masakan Padang |work=VIVA|date=7 December 2016|access-date=11 November 2017|language=id}}</ref> |
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* ''Ayam goreng balado'': Padang or [[Minangkabau cuisine|Minang]] style fried chicken. The fried chicken pieces |
* ''Ayam goreng balado'': Padang or [[Minangkabau cuisine|Minang]] style fried chicken. The fried chicken pieces are coated with spicy ''[[Balado (food)|balado]]'' chilli paste.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://resepmakansedap.info/cara-membuat-ayam-goreng-bumbu-balado-pedas-gurih/|title=Cara Membuat Ayam Goreng Bumbu Balado Pedas Gurih|date=3 June 2015|work=Resep Makan Sedap|access-date=11 November 2017|archive-date=12 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112021629/https://resepmakansedap.info/cara-membuat-ayam-goreng-bumbu-balado-pedas-gurih/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* ''Ayam goreng lado ijo'': a variant of Minang-style ''ayam goreng balado'' using green chili pepper. |
* ''Ayam goreng lado ijo'': a variant of Minang-style ''ayam goreng balado'' using green chili pepper. |
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* ''Ayam goreng Jakarta'': [[Jakarta]] style ''ayam goreng''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.resepmakananindonesia.com/2015/01/resep-membuat-ayam-goreng-jakarta.html|title=Resep Membuat Ayam Goreng jakarta|last=nufus|first=Hayatun|website=resepmakananindonesia.com|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
* ''Ayam goreng Jakarta'': [[Jakarta]] style ''ayam goreng''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.resepmakananindonesia.com/2015/01/resep-membuat-ayam-goreng-jakarta.html|title=Resep Membuat Ayam Goreng jakarta|last=nufus|first=Hayatun|website=resepmakananindonesia.com|access-date=11 November 2017|archive-date=12 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112131719/http://www.resepmakananindonesia.com/2015/01/resep-membuat-ayam-goreng-jakarta.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* ''Ayam goreng Kalasan'': [[Javanese cuisine|Javanese]] fried chicken from Kalasan village, Yogyakarta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://id.tastemade.com/videos/ayam-goreng-kalasan|title=Ayam Goreng Kalasan ~ Resep|last=Inc.|first=Tastemade|website=Tastemade|language=id|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
* ''[[Ayam goreng kalasan|Ayam goreng Kalasan]]'': [[Javanese cuisine|Javanese]] fried chicken from Kalasan village, Yogyakarta.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://id.tastemade.com/videos/ayam-goreng-kalasan|title=Ayam Goreng Kalasan ~ Resep|last=Inc.|first=Tastemade|website=Tastemade|language=id|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
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* ''Ayam goreng kremes'': Javanese fried chicken with ''kremes'' crispy granules.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/07/11/try-this-ayam-goreng-kremes-recipe-at-home.html|title=Try this 'Ayam Goreng Kremes' recipe at home |
* ''Ayam goreng kremes'': Javanese fried chicken with ''kremes'' crispy granules.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/07/11/try-this-ayam-goreng-kremes-recipe-at-home.html|title=Try this 'Ayam Goreng Kremes' recipe at home|work=The Jakarta Post|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
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* ''Ayam goreng serundeng'': Javanese fried chicken with ''[[serundeng]]'' grated coconut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vemale.com/resep-makanan/102028-resep-ayam-goreng-serundeng.html|title=Resep Ayam Goreng Serundeng |last=Vemale.com|website=vemale.com|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
* ''Ayam goreng serundeng'': Javanese fried chicken with ''[[serundeng]]'' grated coconut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vemale.com/resep-makanan/102028-resep-ayam-goreng-serundeng.html|title=Resep Ayam Goreng Serundeng |last=Vemale.com|website=vemale.com|date=22 February 2017 |access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Pecel]] ayam'': East Javanese ''ayam goreng'' served with ''[[sambal]]''. |
* ''[[Pecel]] ayam'': East Javanese ''ayam goreng'' served with ''[[sambal]]''. |
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* ''[[Ayam geprek]]'': Yogyakarta crispy [[Batter (cooking)|battered]] ''ayam goreng'' crushed and mixed with hot and spicy ''[[sambal]]''.<ref name="JP-Ayam-Geprek">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2018/05/12/three-places-to-enjoy-fiery-hot-ayam-geprek.html|title=Three places to enjoy fiery hot |
* ''[[Ayam geprek]]'': Yogyakarta crispy [[Batter (cooking)|battered]] ''ayam goreng'' crushed and mixed with hot and spicy ''[[sambal]]''.<ref name="JP-Ayam-Geprek">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2018/05/12/three-places-to-enjoy-fiery-hot-ayam-geprek.html|title=Three places to enjoy fiery hot 'ayam geprek'|website=The Jakarta Post|date=March 2018 |language=en|access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Ayam penyet]]'': ''penyet'' is [[Javanese language|Javanese]] word for "squeezed" since the fried chicken is served in earthenware [[Mortar and pestle|mortar]] upon ''[[sambal]]'' and squeezed with [[pestle]] to mix it with sambal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/07/01/where-to-enjoy-the-most-delicious-penyet-in-jakarta.html|title=Where to enjoy the most delicious 'penyet' in |
* ''[[Ayam penyet]]'': ''penyet'' is [[Javanese language|Javanese]] word for "squeezed" since the fried chicken is served in earthenware [[Mortar and pestle|mortar]] upon ''[[sambal]]'' and squeezed with [[pestle]] to mix it with sambal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/07/01/where-to-enjoy-the-most-delicious-penyet-in-jakarta.html|title=Where to enjoy the most delicious 'penyet' in Jakarta|work=The Jakarta Post|access-date=11 November 2017}}</ref> |
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* ''Ayam goreng berempah'': [[Malay cuisine|Malay]] fried chicken, fried |
* ''Ayam goreng berempah'': [[Malay cuisine|Malay]] fried chicken, fried until golden burnt with crunchy flour bits – the signature of the dish. |
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* ''Ayam goreng kunyit'': Malay cubed chicken bits fried with turmeric coat. |
* ''Ayam goreng kunyit'': Malay cubed chicken bits fried with turmeric coat. |
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In Indonesia and Malaysia various style of foreign [[fried chicken]] is often also called as ''ayam goreng''. Common Southern United States fried chicken is often called ''ayam goreng tepung'' or flour-[[batter (cooking)|battered]] or [[bread crumbs|breaded]] fried chicken. Common [[McDonald's]] fried chicken is marketed as "Ayam Goreng McD" in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mcdonalds.com.my/ayamgorengmcdparty|title=Ayam Goreng MCD Mcdonald's Malaysia|publisher=[[McDonald's]]| |
In Indonesia and Malaysia various style of foreign [[fried chicken]] is often also called as ''ayam goreng''. Common Southern United States fried chicken is often called ''ayam goreng tepung'' or flour-[[batter (cooking)|battered]] or [[bread crumbs|breaded]] fried chicken. Common [[McDonald's]] fried chicken is marketed as "Ayam Goreng McD" in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mcdonalds.com.my/ayamgorengmcdparty|title=Ayam Goreng MCD Mcdonald's Malaysia|publisher=[[McDonald's]]|access-date=22 January 2019}}</ref> |
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<gallery class="center" caption="Ayam goreng variants" mode="packed"> |
<gallery class="center" caption="Ayam goreng variants" mode="packed"> |
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[[Category:Indonesian chicken dishes]] |
[[Category:Indonesian chicken dishes]] |
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[[Category:Malaysian chicken dishes]] |
[[Category:Malaysian chicken dishes]] |
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[[Category:Fried chicken]] |
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[[Category:Deep fried foods]] |
Ayam goreng kalasan, served with kremes crispy granules
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Course | Main course |
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Associated cuisine | Indonesia,[1] Brunei, Malaysia,[1] Singapore |
Serving temperature | Hot |
Main ingredients | Chicken, turmeric, garlic, shallots and other spices deep friedincoconut oil |
Ayam goreng is an Indonesian and Malaysian dish consisting of deep-fried chickeninoil. Ayam goreng literally means "fried chicken" in Malay, Indonesian and also in many Indonesian regional languages (e.g. Javanese). Unlike other countries, Indonesian fried chicken usually uses turmeric and garlic as its main ingredients rather than flour.
Some versions of ayam goreng are neither coated in batter nor flour, but seasoned richly with various spices.[2] The spice mixture may vary among regions, but it usually consists of a combination of ground shallot, garlic, Indian bay leaves, turmeric, lemongrass, tamarind juice, candlenut, galangal, salt, and sugar. The chicken pieces are soaked and marinated in the spice mixture for some time prior to frying, allowing the chicken to absorb the spices. The marination process might include heating the chicken in ground spices to assist the spice absorption. Most often prior to deep frying, ayam goreng is already half-cooked with yellowish colour tinted of turmeric. In Javanese, this process is called ungkep.
The chicken is then deep fried in an ample amount of hot cooking oil, either palmorcoconut oil. The chicken is well-fried until golden yellow. Some variants such as Javanese ayam goreng kremes might add the deep fried spiced flour as crispy granules. While in other recipes, these tasty granules are acquired from fried grated galangal or coconut (serundeng).
Ayam goreng is usually served with steamed rice, sambal terasi (chili with shrimp paste) or sambal kecap (sliced chilli and shallot in sweet soy sauce) as a dipping sauce or condiment and slices of cucumber and tomato for garnish. Fried tempeh and tofu might be added as side dishes.
There are many recipes of ayam goreng, among the popular ones are:
In Indonesia and Malaysia various style of foreign fried chicken is often also called as ayam goreng. Common Southern United States fried chicken is often called ayam goreng tepung or flour-batteredorbreaded fried chicken. Common McDonald's fried chicken is marketed as "Ayam Goreng McD" in Malaysia.[14]
{{cite web}}
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