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一般相対性理論

アインシュタイン方程式
入門
数学的定式化
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便13: coordinate time


[]


[1]

2[2][1]

[3]

[]


 τ  t

(1)

ここで、 g00計量テンソルの成分であり、これは重力による時間の遅れを(第0成分が時間的であるという慣例の元で)組み込んでいる。

1/c2 の項によって修正された別の定式化は、力学におけるより容易に認識可能な量の観点から、固有時と座標時との間の関係を与える[4]

(2)





 ri GMi/ri 

 c v

(3)


dx, dy, dz, dtc 3 x, y, z  tc

2

[]


2

2 v= 02 U= 0[5]使

[]


 (coordinate time scale)  (coordinate time standard) 使

 2

使 (IAU) 4 (TCB) 使SISI0.5/[6]  TCB (TDB)SITDB  (TT) 2[7][8]TDB SI (1 part in 1/LB = 1 part in 108/1.550519768)[9]

 (TCG) 使

TDBTCB TCG SISI (TT) TCG SITCG TTSI (1 part in 1/LG = 1 part in 1010/6.969290134)[10]

脚注[編集]

  1. ^ a b S A Klioner (1992), "The problem of clock synchronization - A relativistic approach", Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, vol.53 (1992), pp. 81-109.
  2. ^ S A Klioner (2008), "Relativistic scaling of astronomical quantities and the system of astronomical units", Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol.478 (2008), pp.951-958, at section 5: "On the concept of coordinate time scales", esp. p.955.
  3. ^ S A Klioner (2008), cited above, at page 954.
  4. ^ This is for example equation (6) at page 36 of T D Moyer (1981), "Transformation from proper time on Earth to coordinate time in solar system barycentric space-time frame of reference", Celestial Mechanics, vol.23 (1981), pages 33-56.)
  5. ^ S A Klioner (2008), cited above, at page 955.
  6. ^ A graph giving an overview of the rate differences (when observed from the Earth's surface) and offsets between various standard time scales, present and past, defined by the IAU: for description see Fig. 1 (at p.835) in P K Seidelmann & T Fukushima (1992), "Why new time scales?", Astronomy & Astrophysics vol.265 (1992), pages 833-838.
  7. ^ IAU 2006 resolution 3, see Recommendation and footnotes, note 3.
  8. ^ These differences between coordinate time scales are mainly periodic, the basis for them explained in G M Clemence & V Szebehely, "Annual variation of an atomic clock", Astronomical Journal, Vol.72 (1967), p.1324-6.
  9. ^ Scaling defined in IAU 2006 resolution 3.
  10. ^ Scaling defined in Resolutions of the IAU 2000 24th General Assembly (Manchester), see Resolution B1.9.

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